fifteen years of kcse agriculture topical questions and answers - ATIKA SCHOOL

list three methods of treating water for use on the farm.

30/6/2020

methods of treating water for use on the farm.

Answer

Filtration
Boiling
. Aeration
. Sedimentation/decantation
. Storage for 36 hours.
Chemical treatment

Explain seven factors that affect milk composition in dairy farming.

25/6/2020

factors that affect milk composition in dairy farming.

Answer

Age of the animal
Butter fat in milk becomes less as an animal grows old thus young animals produce milk with high BF than older animals
Breed differences
Different breeds of cattle produce milk rh different percentage composition e.g. jersey produces higher BF than Friesian.
Disease
Diseases such as mastitis reduce the lactose composition in milk because bacteria attack milk sugars.
Physiological condition of the animals
Sick/extremely emaciated animals register low percentage of BF during late pregnancy cows produce milk with low BF content.
Stage of Lactation
The BF content in milk is highest at the middle phase of the lactation period and lowers towards end of lactation. .
Completeness of milking/time of milking
Milk drawn last from udder during milking contains high BF content/ milk produced in the morning has lower BF than milk produced in the evening.
Season of the year ,
BF content increases during cold seasons

Outline three characteristics of clean milk

25/6/2020

characteristics of clean milk

Answer

Free from disease causing micro-organisms
Free from hair, dirt or dust
Free from bad odours and tastes
Chemical composition within expected standards

Describe ten physical characteristics a poultry farmer would use to identify poor layers from a flock of hen

25/6/2020

physical characteristics a poultry farmer would use to identify poor layers from a flock of hen

Answer

Combs and wattles
small/shrunken, dry scaly and pale
Eyes
dull and pale yellow
Beak
yellowish in colour
Abdomen
hard and full
Vent
round, dry and less active
Space between keel and Pelvic bone
Plumage
Moulting
Shanks
Broodiness
small and fits only one to two fingers
preened and glossy (smooth)
early moulting
yellowish in colour is common

Explain eight ways in which ticks can be controlled on a livestock farm.

25/6/2020

ways in which ticks can be controlled on a livestock farm

Answer

Burning infested pastures to kill developmental stages
Rotational grazing to starve and kill developmental stages
Hand picking and killing the ticks
Fencing off pasture land and farm to keep away infested animals
Ploughing pasture land to burry and kill developmental stages
Top dressing pasture using lime to kills the ticks
Spraying using acaricides/hand dressing
Biological control

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