fifteen years of kcse agriculture topical questions and answers

Describe how the ignition system of a tractor petrol engine works

7/7/2020

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Describe how the ignition system of a tractor petrol engine works

Answer

In this system the battery or generator supplies sparks which are required for ignition to take place
The ignition coil changes the low voltage from the battery to a high voltage current required in the spark
plug in petrol engine.
The condenser absorbs self-induced current in the primary circuit hence preventing the contact breaker
points from excessive pitting
It stores electric for a short time.
The condenser passes on the electric current to the distributor which distributes the high voltage current
to the spark plug&
This causes the spark to occur at each cylinder in the required firing order.
The contact breakers’ function is to interrupt the normal flow of current in the primary circuit.
An electric spark from the plug then ignites the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, then the tractor engine

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Describe how the following tractor components are used to attach implements to the tractor:

7/7/2020

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how the following tractor components are used to attach implements to the tractor

(i) Three (3) point linkage/hitch.
(ii) Power Take Off shaft (P.T.O)

Answer

(i)
Is used to attach the trailed or mounted implements on a tractor.
Lower links are hitched to the lower links of the implement
The adjustable top link is attached to the top link of the implement.
The top link lifts the implement through the hydraulic power system when in operation or during transportation.
The lower links hold the implement in place to provide stability
The check prevent the implement from getting into the tractor tires when the tractor is moving.
(ii)
PTO is used to transmit power to operate various mounted and stationary implements the short splined shaft/the tub shaft of the PTO at the rear of the tractor transmits power from the tractor to the implement.
The extension shaft has a universal joints at both ends which are used of adjusting the distance between the tractor and the implement.
tie short splined shaft at the rear of the tractor is also used for attaching/coupling to the implement.

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Describe management practices that would ensure clean milk production in a dairy farm

7/7/2020

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management practices that would ensure clean milk production in a dairy farm

Answer

Milking equipment should be clean
Clean milking parlour/shed.
The udder should be cleaned before milking.
The milkman should be clean and healthy.
The cows should be tested for mastitis before milking.
Cows with mastitis should be milked last and milk disposed of.
The milk should be sieved/filtered after milkin2.
The milk should be stored in a cool dry place/proper storage.
Cow should be healthy/check the cows regularly for milk-borne disease.
The milk should be covered after milking.
Feeds that can taint milk should be avoided/equipment that can taint milk should be avoided.
Milk should be cooled immediately to reduce bacterial multiplication
Chip hair around udder and flank.

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Describe the feeding practices carried out on a calf from birth to weaning.

7/7/2020

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feeding practices carried out on a calf from birth to weaning

Answer

Ensure the calf suckles the cow within the first 8 hours to get colostrums.
Feed the calf on colostrums for the first four days.
Feed the calf 2-3 times per day for the first 4 weeks.
Introduce the feeding of whole milk/milk substitutes after the 4th day
Feed the calf on correct amount of milk up to weaning.
Feed the calf with warm milk to avoid calf scours/milk should be fed at appropriate temperature and at regular intervals.
Provide adequate clean water to the calf from the 3rd week.
Introduce palatable dry feeds such as concentrates/calf pellets/calf pencils and good quality cut grass for the 3rd week.
Any change in feeding should be done gradually to avoid nutritional disorders.
Clean equipment should be used for feeding calf.
Calf should be trained to stick the milk from the bucket/bucket feed

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What factors should a farmer consider when selecting materials for constructing a dairy cattle shed

7/7/2020

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Answer

Cost of the materials to be used.
Availability of required skills/labour.
Availability of capital for the kind of material
Availability of materials required.
Environmental conditions such as presence of pests. soil type climate.
Durability/quality/strength of material.
Type of the daily shed-whether temporary or permanent.
Toxicity of the materials to do the work in question.
Toxicity of the materials to the animal. for example:- use of non-toxic painting materials like the white wash.
Workability/applicability of the materials.
Farmers tastes and preference

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Describe how the ignition system of a tractor petrol engine works

Describe how the ignition system of a tractor petrol engine works

Answer

Describe how the following tractor components are used to attach implements to the tractor:

how the following tractor components are used to attach implements to the tractor

Answer

Describe management practices that would ensure clean milk production in a dairy farm

management practices that would ensure clean milk production in a dairy farm

Answer

Describe the feeding practices carried out on a calf from birth to weaning.

feeding practices carried out on a calf from birth to weaning

Answer

What factors should a farmer consider when selecting materials for constructing a dairy cattle shed

Answer

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