State two physiological mechanisms of controlling the human body temperatures during a hot day1/11/2021 (a) State two physiological mechanisms of controlling the human body temperatures during a hot day (2mks)
b) Name two ways in which loop of Henle is adapted to its function (2mks)
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List down the processes responsible for; (2mks)(i) The formation of glomerular filtrateultra filtration (ii) Absence of glucose and amino acids in urine.Reabsorption;
(a) State the functions of the following(i) Nerve cells (2mks)
(ii) Plasma (2mks)
(b) Give the functions of the following organ systems(i) Excretory system (2mks)
(ii) Endocrine system (2mks)
Name the excretory products eliminated by the following animals(i) Tilapia (1mk)
Ammonia
(ii) Chicken (1mk)
Uric acid
State two functions of the spleen (2mks)
Distinguish precisely between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus (2mks)
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2019PP1QN23
State three homeostatic roles of the liver.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2019PP1QN12
While investigating a certain metabolic process in plants, students set up the apparatus as shown be low in a classroom and monitored it for 48 hours.
(a) Identify the metabolic process under investigation.
(b) Account for the observations made in the test tube at the end of the investigation.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2019PP1QN05
Explain why significantly increasing the blood pH slows down the rate of selective reabsorption of materials in the kidney tubules.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP2QN01
The diagram below illustrates a section of the mammalian kidney.
(a) Name the structures labelled E and F.
E F (b) Explain the processes that take place in the regions labelled G and H. Region G Region H
answers
(a) E—Glomerulus;
F — Interlobular artery/branch of renal artery; (b) Region G At the (glomerulus), the afferent arteriole which brings blood to the glomerulus is wider than the efferent arteriole; this creates high pressure; leading to ultrafiltration; At the proximal convoluted tubule /distal convoluted tubule, substances required by the body/amino acid substances required by the body (amino acids/glucose/vitamins! some water; are selectively re-absorbed (into the blood stream); hence selective reabsorption; Region H At the descending arm of/limb of the Loop of Henle, water is selectively reabsorbed; At the ascending arm/limb of the Loop of Henle, sodium ions/salts are actively/selectively reabsorbed; At the collecting duct, water is (selectively) reabsorbed: K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN27
Below is a graphical representation of how basal metabolic rates compare in Various animals.
From the graph, explain why the mouse has a higher breathing rate than the elephant.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN26
State two advantages terrestrial animals have in excreting urea as their main nitrogenous waste product.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN24
Explain why a camel has a longer nephron than a whale.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN11
Name three structures of the skin essential for its homeostatic function.
ANSWERS
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN11
State one homeostatic role of the human skin.
ANSWERS
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN05
State why it is important for plants to lose water to the atmosphere.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2017PP1QN22
State two ways by which plants manage their solid wastes.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2016PP1QN23
Name one salivary gland in humans.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2016PP1QN016
State one use of each of the following excretory products of plants:
(a) colchicine (b) papain
answers
(a) colchicine
Inducing polyploidy/ treatment (b) papain Meat tenderizer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2016PP1QN02
Why are plants able to accumulate most of their waste products for long?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2014PP2QN08
Describe the role of the human skin in homeostasis.
answers
When body temperature is lowered below normal; arterioles in the skin constrict; blood is diverted to a shunt system; less blood flows to the skin/less heat is lost; when body temperature is raised above normal;arterioles in the skin dilate;more blood flows to the skin; more heat is lost by convection and radiation;when body temperature is lowered below normal:erector-pilli muscle s contract, hair stands erect; more air is trapped, air is a bad conductor;and insulates the body against heat loss; when body temperature is raised above normal: erectorpi11i muscles relax, hair lies on skin;less air is trapped, more heat is lost; when body temperature is lowered below normal: less fluids are absorbed by sweat glands;less sweating, less vaporisation of water;
when body temperature is raised above normal:sweat glands are more stimulated and more sweat is produced; water in sweat evaporates and takes up heat from the body;body is cooled/body temperature is lowered;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2014PP2QN08
How does excretion take place in plants?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2013PP2QN08
Describe the role of the following organs in excretion and homeostasis.
(a) the liver (b) the skin during hot environmental conditions.
ANSWERS
(a) Regulation of blood sugar ; when blood sugar is below normal/90 mg/100 cm3 glucagon ; triggers the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver ; the glucose is released into the blood stream. When blood sugar is in excess above normal/10 mg/100cm3, insulin; causes the liver to convert glucose excess to glycogen ; which is stored.
Production of heat energy ; by increasing the rate of metabolic activities: Excretion of bile pigments ; produced due to breakdown of worn out red blood cells: Deamination/removal of amino group of excess amino acids to form urea: and detoxication/poisonous/toxic substances: (b) Sweat glands excrete urea; excess water; and salts: hence maintaining salt & water balance in the blood. Evaporation of sweat; cools the body due to loss of latent heat of vaporization; when the body temperature rises : blood vessels in the skin vasolidate: allowing more blood to flow near the skin surface: thus heat is lost to the environment radiation/convection. The eretor pili mucle relaxes hair flattens ; in a hot environment reducing insulation: hence heat is lost from the body by radiation! convection; to the environment. K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2012PP2QN02
The diagram below illustrates the structure of the kidney nephron.
(a) Name the part labelled E.
(b) How is the part labelled F adapted to its function? (c) State three physiological mechanisms of controlling the human body temperature during a cold day.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP2QN07
Explain how the human skin brings about cooling of the body on a hot day.
answers
Erector pilli muscle relax; and hair lie flat; trapping less air; thus reducing insulation;
Blood capillaries under the skin vasodilate; and more blood is brought under the skin; increasing heat loss; sweat glands release more sweat to the skin surface; the sweat take away heat from the body when it evaporates; |
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