K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN18
Name one salivary gland in humans,
answers
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2011PP1QN01
Name two kidney diseases.
answers
​(i) Nephritis;
(ii) kidney stones;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN18
Give two reasons why animals have specialised organs for excretion as compared to plants.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN11
The diagram below shows a transverse section of a leaf.
(a) Name the habitat of the plant from which the leaf was obtained.
(b) Give two reasons for your answer in (a) above.
answers
(a) Aquatic;
(b) Large air space/aerenchyma to enhance transpiration; Sclereids for mechanical support of leaf; Stomata on upper epidermis to enhance transpiration:
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN08
Describe the role of the liver in homeostasis in the human body
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN21
Explain what happens in humans when concentration of glucose in the blood decreases below the normal level
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN17
Explain why plants do not require specialized excretory organs
ANSWERS
Some wastes e.g gases easily diffuse out Waste products are mainly made from carbohydrate and hence are not as harmful as proteineous materials/ waste products are formed slowly / little accumulation of wastes/ plants are leas active/ some waster products ( such as 02 and are usable- recycled; some waste products are store in non- toxic forms in leaves, flowers, fruits and old bark.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP1QN26
State one use of each of the following excretory products of plants:
(a) colchicine; (b)pawpaw
answers
(a) Inducing polyploidy/ treatment
(b) Meat tenderizer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP1QN11
Name three processes in the human body in which homeostasis is Involved
ANSWER
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP1QN11
What is homeostasis?
ANSWER
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP1QN02
State the importance of the following processes that take place in the nephrons of a human kidney
(a) Ultra filtration (b) Selective reabsorption
ANSWERS
(a) To remove toxic/ harmful substances/ urea nitrogenous waste from the blood streams
(b) To return useful substances/ glucose and Amino acids loose into the Bloodstream.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2007PP2QN02
What term is given to the condition described in (c) (i) above
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2007PP2QN02
What would happen if a person produced less antidiuretic hormone?
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2007PP2QN02
Which portion of the human nephron are only found in the cortex?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2007PP2QN02.
Explain what happens to excess amino- acids in the liver of humans
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2007PP1QN14
Name the hormones involved in regulating glucose level in blood
ANSWER
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2007PP1QN14
What is the meaning of the terms
(i) Homeostatic (ii) Osmoregulation?
ANSWERS
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2006PP2QN07
Describe how human kidney functions
answers
The afferent arteriole which is the branch of renal artery supplies blood to glomerulus; The afferent arteriole has a wider diameter than the afferent arteriole; this causes high pressure; leading to ultra filtration. The walls of the blood capillaries are one cell thick hence glucose, amino acids, (vitamins, hormones) salts, (creatinine) urea and water filter into Bowman’s Capsule to form glomerular filtrate; White blood cells/ red blood cells and plasma proteins such as (Globulin, fibrinogen, platelets) are too large to pass through the capillaries: the filtrate flow into the proximal convoluted tubule; where amino acids (vitamin) and all glucose are selectively reabsorbs back into the blood stream. Many mitochondria provides energy for re- absorption of these substances against concentration gradient/ by active transport. The Glomerular filtrate flow into loop of henle. Water in descending loop moves by osmosis into the blood capillaries; sodium chloride is actively pumped from the ascending arm of loop henle into the blood capillaries. The glomerular filtrate flow into the distal convoluted tubule, water is absorbed from distal convoluted tubule into blood capillaries; the glomerular filtrate flows into collection tube/ duct from where more water is reabsorbed into the blood stream.
Antidiuretic hormone influences the amount of water reabsorbed ( depending on osmotic pressure of blood); The glomerular filtrate from collecting duct now referred to as urine; is emptied into pelvis. The urine passes though pelvis and ureter into bladder out of the body through urethra.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2006PP1QN04
What is the role of sweat in human skin?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2006PP1QN04
Name the fluid that is produced by sebaceous glands.
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2005PP1QN13
The diagram below shows a section through the mammalian skin.
a) Name the parts labeled E, F and G.
E ………………………………………… F ………………………………………… G ………………………………………… b) State two functions in each case of substance secreted by the structures labeled. (i) H ………………………………… (ii) I ………………………………….
answers
​a) E – Malpighian layer
F – Nerve cell G – Erector pili muscle b)i) H – Excretion of waste products of metabolism from the body e.g. excess. Water, mineral salts traces of urea, lactic acid etc. Temperature regulation in the body brings a cooling effect through Loss of excess heat by evaporation of water. Keeps the hair and epidermis flexible and water proof Contains antiseptic substances for protection against bacteria.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2004PP1QN18
How is the mammalian skin adapted to its functions?
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2003PP1QN17
Some students used a model to demonstrate the effect of sweating on human body temperature. Two boiling tubes A and B were filled with hot water. The temperature of water in the tubes was taken at the start of the experiment and then at 5 minutes interval. The surface of tube A was continuously wiped with a piece of cotton wool soaked in methylated spirit. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
a) On the same axes, plot graphs of temperature of water in the tubes against time.
b) At what rate was the water – cooling in tube A? c) Why was tube B included in the set up? d) Account for the rate of cooling in tube A. e) State two processes of heat loss in tube b. f) What would be the expected results if tube A was insulated? g) What would the insulation be comparable to in: i) Bird ii) Mammals? h) Name the structures in the human body that detect: i) External temperature changes ii) Internal temperature changes
answers
​ b) 80 – 18 = 62; 2.48C /Min
2.5 25 c) Control d) Rate was faster in tube A; because the film of methylated sprit evaporated; removing heat from the tube; e) Convection ; radiation f) Lower rate of heat loss; g) i) birds Feather ii) Mammals? Fur h) i) external temperature changes Temperature ii) Internal temperature changes Hypothalamus
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2003PP1QN14
Explain the role of antidiuretic hormone when there is excess water in the human body.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2002PP1QN03
State the function for co-factors in cell metabolism
answers
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