K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP2QN01
The diagram below illustrates a section of the mammalian kidney.
​(a) Name the structures labelled E and F.
E F (b) Explain the processes that take place in the regions labelled G and H. Region G Region H
answers
​ (a) E—Glomerulus;
F — Interlobular artery/branch of renal artery; (b) Region G At the (glomerulus), the afferent arteriole which brings blood to the glomerulus is wider than the efferent arteriole; this creates high pressure; leading to ultrafiltration; At the proximal convoluted tubule /distal convoluted tubule, substances required by the body/amino acid substances required by the body (amino acids/glucose/vitamins! some water; are selectively re-absorbed (into the blood stream); hence selective reabsorption; Region H At the descending arm of/limb of the Loop of Henle, water is selectively reabsorbed; At the ascending arm/limb of the Loop of Henle, sodium ions/salts are actively/selectively reabsorbed; At the collecting duct, water is (selectively) reabsorbed:
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN27
Below is a graphical representation of how basal metabolic rates compare in Various animals.
​From the graph, explain why the mouse has a higher breathing rate than the elephant.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN26
State two advantages terrestrial animals have in excreting urea as their main nitrogenous waste product.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN24
Explain why a camel has a longer nephron than a whale.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN17
Explain the role of carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN15
Explain why a bony fish dies shortly after being removed from water.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN11
Name three structures of the skin essential for its homeostatic function.
ANSWERS
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN11
State one homeostatic role of the human skin.
ANSWERS
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN10
Name two products of respiration in plants.
ANSWERS
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN09
The diagram below represents an organ in a bony fish
​(a) Name the organ.
(b) Describe how air in water reach the capillaries inside structure L.
ANSWERS
a) Gill;
b) Fish mouth opens lowering pressure in buccal cavity and water rushes in; mouth closes increasing pressure that forces water into the gill cavity/opercular cavity; O2 rich water flows over the gills in a counter current direction to capillary blood flow; causing O2 to diffuse into the gill capillaries;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN07
State three activities in the human digestive System that depend on respiration.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN07
Define respiration
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2018PP1QN05
State why it is important for plants to lose water to the atmosphere.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2017PP1QN22
State two ways by which plants manage their solid wastes.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2017PP1QN19
The table below shows the percentage concentration of certain substances in blood plasma, glomerular filtrate and urine in a human being at a particular time.
​(a) Explain the likely impact on the composition of urine in case of the following:
(i) Vigorous physical exercises (ii) a meal rich in proteins (b) Name the processes responsible for: (i) Presence of glucose in the glomerular filtrate (ii) absence of glucose in urine
answers
​a. i) Less water and urea; since sorne is excreted/eliminated through the skin (as sweat);
ii) increased amount of urea in the urine; due to deamination of amino acids (from proteins); b. i) ultra filtration; ii) Selective reabsorption;
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2017PP1QN10
State two structural adaptations of leaves that maximize efficiency in gaseous exchange
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2017PP1QN10
State the effect of movement of the diaphragm muscles during inhalation in mammals.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2017PP1QN08
Explain why short distance runners breathe quickly and deeply at the end of a race.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2017PP1QN04
In an experiment on respiration, a mouse was observed to have inhaled 200 cm3 of oxygen and exhaled 199.75 cm3 of carbon(IV) oxide in ten minutes.
​(a) Calculate the respiratory quotient for the activity in the experiment.
(b) Identify the possible food substance consumed by the mouse. (c) State the fate of the excess food named in (b) above in the human body.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2016PP2QN08
Describe how the mammalian heart is structurally adapted to its function.
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2016PP2QN04
The diagram below represents some gaseous exchange structures in humans.
​(a)Name the structures labeled K, L and M.
(b) How is the structure labeled J suited to its function? (c) Name the process by which inhaled air moves from the structure labeled L into blood capillaries. (d) Give the scientific name of the organism that causes tuberculosis in humans.
ANSWERS
​(a) K- Pleural membranes
L- Alveolus M- Intercostal muscles (b) Has C- shaped cartilage rings that support it preventing it from collapsing and allow free flow of air Inner lining has mucus secreting cells that trap fine dust particles and microorganisms Inner lining has hair like structures called cilia that enhance upward movement of the mucus to the larynx (c) Diffusion (d) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (underline separately). K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2016PP1QN28
The diagram below shows a transverse section of a plant organ
​(a) Name the plant organ from which the section was obtained.
(b) (î) Name the class to which the organism from which section was obtained belongs. (ii) Give a reason for your answer in b (i) above. ​(c) Name the part labeled X
answers
(a) Stem
(b) (i) Monocotyledonae (ii) Vascular bundles are scattered and not arranged in a ring Absence of pith/ cambium (c) Epidermis
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2016PP1QN27
Name the opening to the chamber of the heart of an insect.
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2016PP1QN27
Name an organism which has a single circulatory system.
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2016PP1QN27
What is single circulatory system?
answer
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