KNEC KCSE BIOLOGY TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Explain how the kidney are structurally adapted to perform their functions

21/4/2022

Comments

Explain how the kidney is adapted to its function

Adaptations for ultra-filtration

It has a selective permeable Bowman's capsule that only allows food substances and food products to pass through but prevents the passage of plasma proteins and blood cells.
The afferent arteriole is highly branched in the glomerulus and this provides a larger surface area for blood to flow in the kidney for filtration.
The efferent arteriole have a narrower lumen than the afferent arteriole and this builds up higher pressure necessary for ultra-filtration.

Adaptations for reabsorption

Kidney tubules are long and coiled and this provides a larger surface area for reabsorption and more time is allowed for reabsorption of the useful products.
The kidney tubules are highly vascularised to ensure constant removal of reabsorbed substances hence creating more room for further reabsorption.
The microvilli on the inner surface of epithelial lining of proximal convoluted tubules provide a larger surface area for reabsorption.
Cells lining the kidney tubules/proximal convoluted tubule have numerous mitochondria which provide energy for active reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, vitamins and mineral salts.
The loop of henle is U -shaped and this creates a multiple counter current system for efficient reabsorption of substances

Comments

State the functions of the following parts of a nephron:

5/9/2021

Comments

State the functions of the following parts of a nephron:

(i) Loop of Henle (1mk)

Reabsorption of H₂O from the collecting duct

(ii) Distal convoluted tubule (1mk)

Secretion of some drugs

The nephron is the minute or microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney. It is composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule. The renal corpuscle consists of a tuft of capillaries called a glomerulus and a cup-shaped structure called Bowman's capsule.

State the functions of the following parts of a nephron:

Comments

Explain how the kidney are structurally adapted to perform their functions

Explain how the kidney is adapted to its function

Adaptations for ultra-filtration

Adaptations for reabsorption

State the functions of the following parts of a nephron:

State the functions of the following parts of a nephron:

(i) Loop of Henle (1mk)

(ii) Distal convoluted tubule (1mk)

TOPICS

Form 2

Form 3

Form 4

Archives

Categories

Explain how the kidney are structurally adapted to perform their functions

​​Explain how the kidney is adapted to its function

​Adaptations for ultra-filtration

​Adaptations for reabsorption

State the functions of the following parts of a nephron:

State the functions of the following parts of a nephron:

(i) Loop of Henle (1mk)

(ii) Distal convoluted tubule (1mk)

TOPICS

Form 2

Form 3

Form 4

Archives

Categories

Explain how the kidney is adapted to its function

Adaptations for ultra-filtration

Adaptations for reabsorption