K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN24
State two ideas proposed by Lamark in his theory of evolution.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2010PP1QN23
Explain three ways in which red blood cells are adapted to their function.
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN08
Describe the role of the liver in homeostasis in the human body
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN07
How are flowers adapted to wind and insect pollination?
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP2QN06
An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction catalyzed by an enzyme. The results are shown in the table below
(a)On t he grid provided draw a graph of rate of reaction against temperature
(b) When was the rate of reaction 2.6 mg of product per unit time? (c) Account for the shape of the graph between (i) 5 C and 40 C (ii) 45 C and 60C (d) Other than temperature name two ways in which the rate of reaction between 5C and 40C could be increased (e) (i) Name one digestive enzymes in the human body which works best in acidic condition (ii) How is the acidic condition for the enzyme named in (e) (i) above attained? (f) The acidic conditions in (e) (ii) above is later neutralized (i) Where does the neutralization take place? (ii) Name the substance responsible for neutralization
answers
​(b) 33C and 51.5 ( ± 0.5C)
32.5 - 33.5 and 51.0 – 52.0 (c)(i) As temperature is increased rate of reaction is increased/ more products are formed (per unit time) because enzymes become more active (ii) As temperatures increases rate of reaction decreases less products are formed (unit per time) because enzymes become denatured by high temperatures. (b) Increase in enzyme concentration and substance concentration Increasing number of enzyme (e) (i) Pepsin, remain/ chymosin (ii) Wall of stomach/ gastric gland/ oxyntic/ pariental/ cell produced Hydrochloric (f) (i) Duodenum (ii) Bile juice/ SANS any correct salt e.g. NaHCO3
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN29
Explain why the rate of transpiration is reduced when humidity is high
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN28
Name a disease that causes thickening and hardening of arteries
answer
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN28
State three structural differences between arteries and veins in mammals
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN27
State two ways in which anaerobic respiration is applied in industries
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN26
How are the mitochondria adapted to their functions?
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State two ways in which aerenchyma tissues in aquatic plants are adapted to their function23/6/2020
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN25
State two ways in which aerenchyma tissues in aquatic plants are adapted to their function
answers
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN24
Explain how the following factors determine the daily energy requirement in human:
(a) Age (b) Occupation (c) Sex
answers
(a) Young people are actively/ rapidly growing hence require more energy than older people
(b) Manual workers require more energy than secretary workers (c)Males are more muscular hence require more energy than females
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN23
state the function of iron in the human body
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN22
Explain how the carnassials teeth of a dog are adapted to their function
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN21
Explain what happens in humans when concentration of glucose in the blood decreases below the normal level
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN20
Other than using the quadratic, give two methods of estimating population of grass
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Name one process that is responsible for loss of energy from one trophic level to the next23/6/2020
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN19
Name one process that is responsible for loss of energy from one trophic level to the next
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN19
State three effects of dumping untreated sewage into a river
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN18
Explain how the following factors affect the rate of photosynthesis:
(a) Concentration of carbon (iv) oxide (b) Light intensity
ANSWERS
​(a) Rate of photosynthesis increases as CO2 concentration increases up to a certain level/ optimum level and ( vise versa)Reverse:
b)The rate of photosynthesis decreases with decrease in CO2 concentration until it stop rate of photosynthesis increases as the light intensity up to an optimum level (and vice versa)
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2009PP1QN17
Explain why plants do not require specialized excretory organs
ANSWERS
Some wastes e.g gases easily diffuse out Waste products are mainly made from carbohydrate and hence are not as harmful as proteineous materials/ waste products are formed slowly / little accumulation of wastes/ plants are leas active/ some waster products ( such as 02 and are usable- recycled; some waste products are store in non- toxic forms in leaves, flowers, fruits and old bark.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP2QN08
Describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in a mammal
answers
Breathing in
External intercostals muscles contract; internal, intercostals muscles relax lifting/ raising the ribcage upwards and outwards; muscles of diaphragm contract. It flattens the volume of the thoracic cavity increases; pressure decrease; higher air pressure in the atmosphere forces air into the lungs Breathing out External intercostals/ muscles relax; internal intercostals muscles contract moving the ribcage downwards and inwards; the muscles of diaphragm relax, the diaphragm assumes dome shape; volume of thoracic cavity decreases; while pressure increases; higher pressure forces air out of the lungs
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP2QN08
State four characteristics of gaseous exchange surfaces
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K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP2QN07
Describe the nitrogen cycle
answers
​During thunderstorm/ lightning; nitrogen gas combines with O2 to form nitrogen oxides; nitrogen oxides dissolve in water to for nitric acid; acid is deposited in the soil by rain, nitric acid combines with chemical substance to form nitrates/ nitric acids dissolves to form nitrates which are absorbed by plants symbiotic bacteria/ such as rhizobium; which are found in root nodules of leguminous plants, fix free nitrogen to nitrates.
Free living bacteria/ clatridium/ azotobacteria fix nitrogen to all rates Nostoc algae/ chlorella/ anaemia/ ix nitrogen to nitrates. Plants use Nitrates to form plant proteins Animals feed on plants and convert plant proteins into animal proteins Plants/ animals die and decomposed by bacteria/ saprophytes/ fungi decomposing plants/ animals/ release ammonia which is covered to nitrates/ by nitrosomomes nitrococcus bacteria Nitrates are converted to nitrates; by nitrobacteria Nitrates in the soil can be converted to free nitrogen/ denitrification by some fungi; pseudomonas/ hulobacillus denitrifying bacteria. K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP2QN06
An experiment was carried out to investigate transpiration and absorption of water in sunflower plants in their natural environment with adequate supply of water. The account of water was determined in two hour intervals. The results are as shown in the table below
​(a) Using the same axes, plot graphs to show transpiration and absorption of water in grammes against time of the day
(b) At what time of the day was the amount of water the same for transpiration and absorption? (c) Account for the shape of graph of: (i) Transpiration (ii) Absorption (d) What would happen to transpiration and absorption of water if the experiment was continued till 05 00 hours? (e) Name two factors that may affect transpiration and absorption at any given time (f) Explain how the factors you named in (e) above affect transpiration
answers
​(b) 17.001- 19.99 hrs
(c) (i) Transpiration 1100 – 17000 (rapid) ( in the rate of transpiration) due to high light intensity/ high temperature (ii) 17000 – 0300 hrs decrease (in the rate of transpiration) due to low light intensity/ absence of light/ in temperature. (iii) Absorption 11.00 – 1900 hrs. Increase (in the rate of atmosphere) of water to replace water lost- through transpiration 1900 – 0300 hrs; decrease ( in the rate of absorption of water) due to the fact that rate of transpiration has declined (d) Both transpiration and absorption decrease accept decrease (e) Wind; light, atmosphere pressure, humidity; temperature Temperature - at high temperature the rate is higher/ at low temperature the rate is Low. (f) Wind- rate of transpiration is high when it’s windy/ lower when air still Humidity – when humidity is low, the rate of transpiration is faster/ when its High the rate of transportation is low Pressure- the rate is high at low atmosphere pressure at high atmosphere pressure the rate is low.
K.C.S.E Biology Q & A - MODEL 2008PP1QN29
State a function of amniotic fluid.
answer
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