GEOGRAPHY TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Identify the three types of inland waterways used for transport in Africa.

7/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2012 Section B Question 9.

(a) (i) Identify the three types of inland waterways used for transport in Africa.

Rivers
Lakes
Canals.

(ii) Give four reasons why the government of Kenya is expanding pipeline transport.

To reduce the congestion on/damage of roads by tankers.
To reduce road accidents by tankers.
To reduce congestion of oil terminus.
Pipeline transport is cheaper compared to road transport.
Pipeline transport is more reliable/convenient than road reduce damage/loss of the oil products while being transported.
It is faster means of transport.

(b) (ì) State three advantages of railway transport.

It is used to carry heavy/ bulky goods/ large carrying capacity.
It is more reliable/ efficient due to fixed time schedules/ less traffic jams.
Railways are narrow thus economical in terms of land space.
Trains are less prone to accidents.
It is a cheap mode of transport/ low maintenance cost.

(ii) State four conditions of roads in Kenya that may lead to motor vehicle accidents.

Some roads have potholes/ uneven road surface...
Some roads are steep/ have sharp bends.
Some roads are slippery.
Some roads are not marked/ absence of road signs.
Some roads have loose surface/ dusty.
Some roads are narrow.

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State four advantages of air transport.

2/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2015 Section B Question 9.

Use the map of Africa below to answer question (a)

(a) Name the trans-continental highways in Africa marked M, N and P.

M - The Great North Road
N - The Trans-Africa Highways
P Algeria-Lagos Highway/Trans-saharan Highway

(b) (i) State four advantages of air transport.

It is a fast means of transport
It operates on fixed schedules that allows for prior planning
It has a minimum risk/damage of cargo
It is the most comfortable means of transport over long distances
It has limitless scope of operations
It allows access to remote areas

(ii) Explain four efforts that the Kenya Government has taken to improve air transport.

Expansion of existing airport/improvement of airport facilities to cope with increased air traffic
Training personnel in modern aviation technology to improve service delivery
Promoting budget flights/package tours to lower the cost of travel/lower operational costs
Enhancing security around the airports to reduce crime/lower accident risks
Installing modem navigational equipment to increase efficiency in service delivery
Encourage partnership with established airlines in order to get capital for expansion of air transport.
Promotion of domestic air transport to maximise use of facilities.

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State four ways in which communication contributes to economic development in Kenya.

31/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2016 Section B Question 6.

Use the map below to answer questions a (i) and (ii)

a) Name
(i) The rivers marked E, F and G

E - R. Congo.
F - R. Zambezi.
G - R. Orange

(ii) The human-made lakes marked H and J.

H - Kainji
J – Nasser

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Differentiate between transport and communication.

31/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2016 Section A Question 3.

(a) Differentiate between transport and communication.

Transport is the movement of goods and people from one place to another while communication is the transmission of ideas of information from one person to another.

(b) State three causes of the decline in the use of letter writing as a means of communication in Kenya.

The high rate cost of postage
Competition from cheaper and faster means of communication
The delay in the delivery of letters
Loss of letters
Tampering with letters

(a) Differentiate between transport and communication. (b) State three causes of the decline in the use of letter writing as a means of communication in Kenya.

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Give three reasons why road transport is used more than air transport in East Africa

31/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1998 Section A Question 3.

(a) Give three reasons why road transport is used more than air transport in East Africa

Motor vehicles are cheaper to buy and maintain than crafts
Road transport is more flexible than air transport/ road leads everywhere / carry people/ goods from one place to another
Construction of roads is cheaper than that of airports
Fares/ freight charges are lower than that of air transport
Skills require to operate aircraft are higher and rare than those required to operate motor vehicles.

Simba Matatu a member of Modern Premium Sacco finding some space to park. These matatus vie Kisii - Keroka route. Fare from Kisii to Nairobi via Matatu is at least Ksh. 1000 - 2000 depending on season and air flight fare starts from Ksh. 5000 at minimum.

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Name two types of water transport.

29/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2017 Section A Question 5.

(a) Name two types of water transport.

Inland/river/lakes /canals/waterways
Oceanic/marine/sea waterways

(b) Give three challenges facing railway transport in East Africa.

Competition from other means of transport which are faster.
High cost of railway network maintenance/inadequate capital to establish/expand railway network/purchase trains.
Mismanagement of rail services.
Use of different railway gauge makes interconnectivity difficult.
Vandalism/uprooting of railway line.

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What is communication?

27/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2019 Section B Question 10.

(a) (i) What is communication?

Communication is the process of passing information between two or more persons.

(ii) Name four types of mass communication.

Radio
Television
Internet
Newspapers/ Magazines
Films/videos

(b) Explain the role of communication in the economic development of Africa.

Communication enhances trade in that traders are able to communicate to get raw materials to sell their products
Many people are employed in the communication sector leading to improvement in their standards of living
Communication has helped in promoting international/domestic tourism leading to gain in foreign exchange /revenue.
Governments are able to disseminate information through the media(e.g. Information related to environmental conservation/educational programming
Communication promotes international relations which enhances trade between Africa and other countries
Communication enhances political stability for economic growth.

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State three reasons why it is difficult to transport goods from Mombasa to Lagos along the highway.

25/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section B Question 8.

The map below shows the transport- Africa highway from Mombasa to Lagos. Use it to answer question (a)

a) i) Name the countries marked P and Q

P- Cameroon
Q- Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo).

ii) State three reasons why it is difficult to transport goods from Mombasa to Lagos along the highway.

Political differences/hostilities between the countries through which the highway passes
There are civil wars in the region
Tariffs charged at the border posts increase transportation costs
Parts of highway are incomplete/impassable during wet seasons/are similar goods
Different currencies are used
Long distance covered
Language barrier

b) Explain three problems facing rail transport in Kenya.

There is competition from other forms of transport road pipeline which are faster and flexible/ sometimes cheaper
Maintenance expansions costs of rail network in high thus some of the wagons used are old there has been little expansion of rails lines
There has been mismanagement of rail services leading to deteriorating conditions and lower income
Inadequate servicing of rail equipment wagons/lines has lead to frequent accidents derailments

c) Explain four ways through which the Kenyan government promotes internal trade.

The government has provided the necessary infrastructure such as roads and telecommunication which make it possible for the business community to easily market their products
The government facilities the organization of Trade Fairs/Exhibition/shows, to enable the business community to advertise their products
Removal of restriction of movement of goods produce/fixing air market days
Removal of price controls
Imposition of tariffs on imported goods to produce locally manufactured
The government facilities the organization of conferences/seminars, to enable the business community to exchange ideas on trade
The government through KBS maintains the quality of goods that are produced and sold through Kenya Bureau of standards (KBs).
The government provides credit facilities to the business community through institutions such as state banks
The government facilitates easy distribution of goods through organization such as Kenya national corporation.(KNTC).

d) Explain the three ways through which Kenya is likely to benefit from renewed East African Co-operation.

There is likely to be improved transport links between Kenya and other two countries (Uganda and Tanzania), which will facilitate faster movement of goods and passengers.
Trade in Kenya will likely to increase because expanded hinterland market / strong bargaining power.
There is likely to be more tourists visiting Kenya as a result of opening of boarders
There is likely to increase employment opportunities because of free movement of people
Expanded market will attract foreign investment which will lead to expansion of industries.
Exchange or research finding / training.

The table below shows the number of passengers that used railway transport in the selected countries in 1966 and 1977. Use it to answer question (a) and (b)

19/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1996 Section B Question 1.

The table below shows the number of passengers that used railway transport in the selected countries in 1966 and 1977. Use it to answer question (a) and (b)

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Describe three ways by which a river transports its load

15/1/2021

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Geography Paper 1 1996 Qn 2

a)
- i) What is river divide? (6mks)
- ii) Describe three ways by which a river transports its load (6mks)
b) Describe the characteristics of a river in its old age (7mks)
c) Describe each of the following drainage patterns
- i) Superimposed drainage pattern (3mks)
- ii) Centripetal drainage pattern (2mks)
d) You have planned to carry out a study of a river in its youthful stage
- i) State two ways in which you would prepare for the study (2mks)
- ii) Name two feature you are likely to study (2mks)
- iii) List two problems you are likely to experience during the study (2mks)

Expected Response

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