Differentiate manufacturing industries from tertiary industries.

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2013 Section B Question 10.

​(a)Differentiate manufacturing industries from tertiary industries.

• Manufacturing industries change raw materials into semi-processed / finished products while tertiary industries provide services to consumers.

(b)Explain why the Government of Kenya encourages the setting up of industries in rural areas.

• It creates employment opportunities in rural areas thus reducing migration into urban areas/raising standards of living.
• It leads to utilization of locally available raw materials that would otherwise be left idle.
• It leads to improvement of transport / communication networks thus opening up rural areas for development.
• It leads to improvement of social amenities thereby raising the standards of living of rural communities.
• It enables the rural population to sell products / raw materials to industries thus earning income.
• It leads to diversification of the economy thus reducing the over reliance of rural community on agriculture.

​(c)Explain four factors that have contributed to the development of electronics industry in Japan.

• Advanced technology / highly skilled labour has increased efficiency leading to mass production of high quality goods.
• Highly developed sources of energy provide the power required in the industries.
• A large population/high purchasing power provides a large local market.
• Availability of capital has enabled entrepreneurs to set up / expand the industries.
• The ruggedness of the land does not favour agriculture hence more concentration has been on industrialization.
• Well developed transport network has enabled the movement of raw materials to the industries / finished products to the market.
• Availability of large external market has led to more production.
• Advanced scientific research led to adverse/high quality products.
• Government emphasis on technical/science oriented education led to rapid development of idustries.
• The industrious nature/entrepreneurship of the Japanese has led to sustained/high production.
• A large population/high purchaing power provides a large local market.

​(d)You intend to carry out a field study in a nearby post office.
(i)Identify two characteristics of a good hypothesis for the study.

• It should be simple but not obvious.
• It should be related to the stated objective(s).
• It should be testable/measurable.
• It should be comparative / have independent and dependent variables.
• It leaves room for yes or no answer.

​(ii)State three advantages of using the interview method to collect data during the study.

• It is possible to seek clarification for unclear responses / provide room for detailed information.
• It provides first hand information.
• It provides instant information.
• It enables one to gauge the accuracy of the responses.
• It allows for flexibility in seeking of information.
• It allows for extraction of information from people who cannot read/write.

​(iii)Give two challenges facing postal services that you are likely to find out during the field study.

• Competition from more efficient service providers.
• Vandalism of communication equipment.
• Inadequate funds to maintain the services.
• Mismanagement of the organization.
• Obsolete technology / equipment.

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