Explain three conditions that may lead to glacial deposition in lowlands

KCSE Geography Paper 1 1999 Section B Question 7 with Answers.

​​(a) In your answer booklet, name the features marked R, S, and V

• R- Esker
• S- Drumlin
• V- Moraine – dammed lake

​(b) Explain three conditions that may lead to glacial deposition in lowlands

• Gradient / relief of the area should  be relatively flat to allow for the accumulation of large sheets of ice and subsequent deposition of fluvio-glacial material
• Seasonal melting of ice during alternating warm and cold periods  allow materials embedded in the ice to be released for deposition
• Stagnation of glacier leads to pressure being exerted at the base of glacier which in turn leads to melting of the base of the ice. The melt water then carries and deposits materials underneath the ice mass.
• Friction between the moving ice and the surface leads to deposition of the heavy materials beneath the ice mass
• Climatic changes/ rising temperatures lead to melting  of the  ice thereby  releasing all its load in the lowland Condition

1 mk each max 3
Explanation – 1 mk each max 3

​(c) Describe the process involved in the formation of
(i) Moraine dammed lake
(ii) Outwash plain

(i) Moraine dammed lake

• Widening of a valley through ice erosion/ melting of the ice at the snowline
• Deposition of terminal moraine across the widened  valley/ at the snowline
• Accumulation of the melt water behind the terminal moraine
• Continued melting of ice boots the amount of  melt water behind the terminal moraine to a moraine – dammed lake
  (1mk each  max 3mk)

​(d) Suppose you were to carry out field study of land use in glaciated lowland.
(i) Apart from conducting oral interviews, state four other methods you would use to collect information

​(ii) State three advantages of using oral interview to collect information during a field study.

​(iii) State three possible land uses you are likely to identify during the field study

Glaciation, External land forms, Form 3, Lakes, Fieldwork

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