history topical past papers online for kcse knec

Explain five ways in which Trans Sahara Trade led to the development of kingdom in Western Sudan

11/10/2021

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Explain five ways in which Trans sahara Trade led to the development of kingdom in western Sudan

The trade provided an important link between western Sudan and North Africa
It stimulated the growth of small settlement which later grew into big ancient towns
It created a new social class in western Sudan
The trade brought about islamisation of people in West Sudan
New types of goods were introduced to the people of West Sudan
They built schools and university were Arabic literature and philosophy were taught

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Explain how the invention of the railway speeded up industrialization in Europe.

6/10/2021

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How the invention of the railway speeded up industrialization in Europe

It facilitated transportation of bulky raw materials to industries
It eased and speeded up transportation of bulky manufactured goods to market
Facilitated the transportation of fuel especially coal and firewood to industries
Provided liable and cheaper means of transport for workers to the industries
It facilitated interaction between towns and businesspeople and thus promoted investment in industries
It facilitated the migration and settlement of people to new lands, which were sources of raw materials
It opened up mining and farming in the interior of most countries
It facilitated the transport of heavy machinery for installation in industries.
Revenue from railways was used in setting up industries

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What led to the failure of indirect rule in Southern Nigeria.

6/10/2021

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The failure of indirect rule in southern Nigeria

Lack of centralized government
Lack of homogeneity of the Africans. i.e. southern Nigeria had many ethnic groups with diverse culture and language making it difficult to unite them under one rule
Existence of educated elites who resisted the rule
Misuse of power
Taxation and forced labour
Lugard’s attempt to appoint Igbo traditional chiefs with responsibilities like those of the Emurs in northern Nigeria was resisted
Lugards attempt to give more po3wer to the Yoruba leaders

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State the methods used by the African nationalists in South Africa to fight for political Liberation.

6/10/2021

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The methods used by African Nationalist to fight for political liberation in south Africa

Organized political parties eg ANC and pan- African congress to champion their grievances
Made use of trade unions to presses for better working and living conditions
They organized protest marches, defiance campaigns and demonstrations
The nationalist, would occasionally use military force
African nationalist also employed diplomacy, in an attempt to get the government’s attention and that of the international community many occasions the just regime to grant them freedom.
Nationalists who were arrested or detained often went on human strike to press the government to grant them political independence
Africa also used print media such as pamphlets and newspapers to highlight the injustice of the apartheid regime
The church leaders such as Bishop Desmond Tutu and Alan boeseak led the fight against apartheid

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Explain the function of Cairo

6/10/2021

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Functions of Cairo

Cultural centre
Was a historical centre including sport and sport stadium and entertainment halls
Political centre
Transport and commercial centre
Industrial centre and has many manufacturing industries
Tourist centre, attracting more than 1.5million tourists every year
Is a historical centre having housed Egyptian civilization for more than 5000 years

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What problems face Nairobi as an urban centre.

6/10/2021

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Problems facing Nairobi as an urban centre

Aids pandemic
Traffic jam – causes a lot of congestion in the town
High population which has led to the development of slums
Shortage of water
High crime rate e.g robbery, rape and theft
Unemployment
Pollution due to many industries
Suffer inadequate social services like health and educational facilities to the growing population
Poor town planning has led to problem of drainage especially during heavy rains
Has experienced a high number of street families

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Describe the impact of Agrarian Revolution in Britain.

6/10/2021

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Impact of Agrarian Revolution in Britain

Led to better methods of farming and hence intensifying good production
It led to increased population due to increased food production
Large variety of crops such as clovers, potatoes, beans, maize and citrus fruits were produced
New animal breeds such as the Friesian cows as well as Leicester and Suffolk sheep were reared
The farmer abandoned subsistence farming and started large scale farming
Contributed to the industrial revolution by providing the raw materials required in the agro – based industries
Development of agriculture also stimulated the expansion of the transport network

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Describe the contribution of Nelson Mandela in the struggle for independence in South Africa.

6/10/2021

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The contribution of Nelson Mandela in the struggle for independence in South Africa

Was the founder of ANC youth league
Was a member of ANC and used force to achieve independence
Participated in the pan- African congress
Was elected deputy president general of ANC
Used his experience as a lawyer to defend many Africans who got in trouble
Was among the nationalists who formulated the freedom charter which declared that South Africa belong to all races in the country
In 1960, formed UMkhonto Wesizwe (spear of the Nation) to fight for African independence
Travelled outside south Africa to solicit support from the other countries
Was jailed for life due to his alleged subversive activities. He was released in 1990 by Frederik de Klerk
In 1994, made history when he was elected first president for democratic south Africa

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How did the Cold war affect Africa?

6/10/2021

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How the cold war affected Africa

Gave financial aid
Gave moral aid
Military support

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Advantages of oral tradition as a source of history

5/10/2021

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Cheaper compared to other source of information of history
Complement other sources of history
Quickest
Accessible anywhere / any time

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Give two main economic activities of Homo erectus.

5/10/2021

1 Comment

The main source of energy during the early period of industrial Revolution

Coal

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Identify the Political party that took Mozambique to independence.

5/10/2021

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The political party that took Mozambique to independence

FRELIMO
(Liberation Front of Mozambique), is the dominant political party in Mozambique. Founded in 1962, FRELIMO began as a nationalist movement fighting for the self-determination and independence of Mozambique from Portuguese colonial rule.

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State two methods used by the French in administration of their colonies.

5/10/2021

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The two methods used by the French in administration of their colonies

Assimilation
Association

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Give two shortcomings of the Treaty of Versailles.

5/10/2021

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The two shortcomings of the treaty of Versailles

Germany was blamed
Interests of people not taken

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State one cause of the Cold war.

5/10/2021

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One cause of cold war

Ideological differences between the capitalist west and the communist east
Rearmament (arm race)
Economic rivalry
Differences over Germany
Formation of military alliance and military support of opponent enemies
Use of Russian veto in the UN.

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What is pre-history?

5/10/2021

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Pre - history

Is the history which has not been recorded

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State two functions of Commonwealth Secretariat.

5/10/2021

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The two functions of common wealth secretariat

Circulate information and any general interest to member countries
Organizes for meetings of the organization
Encourages projects that are of benefit to members
Coordinate business by studying common wealth organization that deal with economic and financial matters

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What factors contributed to the development of agriculture in Mesopotamia.

5/10/2021

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Factors that contributed to development of agriculture in Mesopotamia

Availability of indigenous crops and animals
Availability of fertile soils
Availability of water for irrigation from the Euphrates and Tigris
Good leadership, by among others Sargon the great and Harmmurabi the law giver
Demand for food
Availability of labour
Good for transport system
Availability for farming land

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State five disadvantages of road transport.

5/10/2021

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Five disadvantages of road transport

Road accidents lead to loss of life
Motor vehicle cause air pollution.
Vehicles cause traffic congestion on roads
Constructions of all – weather road is expensive
The use of road is limited to specific areas, it cannot go beyond land
During rains some roads become impassible

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Explain the results of direct rule in Zimbabwe.

5/10/2021

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Results of direct rule in Zimbabwe

Led to loss of independence
Traditional leaders lost their positions
Led to massive land alienation
Mining rights were taken over by British
Africans were subjected to forced labour
The Africans were greatly discriminated
They (Africans) faced the torture and brutality of the British
It undermined African culture
Caused poverty among the African due to exploitation
Provoked African nationalism. The Africans were fed up with the British exploitation, demanded independence
African traditional economy was disrupted as the African had to work in Europeans’ farms.

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Give reasons for the formation of Non-aligned movement.

5/10/2021

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Reasons for the formation of non-aligned movement

To safeguard the sovereignty of the member states.
Fight for decolonization of developing nations
To work for disarmament of super-powers
To promote economic independence of member states/ countries with the aim of discouraging neo – colonialism
To fight racism
To promote neutrality among members
To discourage military alliance advocate by the superpower
To give them an identity to speak with one voice in the united nation programmes
To pursue an independent policy of peaceful coexistence
To establish a new economic world order to ensure favourable terms of trade
To make funds available for improvement of agriculture to ensure increased food production

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Explain the factors which undermine the activities of Non-aligned movement.

5/10/2021

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Factors which under-mined the activities of the Non-aligned movement

Inadequate funds –as member states are poor
Large membership hence difficult to be controlled
Lack of strong army or executive machinery to implement its decisions
Political instability has affected its performance
Border disputes
Divided loyalty
Different ideologies
Personality differences among the leaders affected its performance
NAM member states are also members of other organizations such as the UN, AU and commonwealth of nations
After the breakup of the USSR and the end of the cold war, NAM appeared destabilized and irrelevant.

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Give two problems Jomo Kenyatta faced at the president of Kenya

4/10/2021

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Two problems faced by president Jomo Kenyatta

Opposition from K.A.D.U who preferred majimbo
Inadequate money for development
Poverty, ignorance and disease
Division among the KANU leaders such as Oginga Odinga were radicals
Shortage of African manpower
Poor transport network such as roads
The shifta menace in North Eastern Kenya threatened development
Political assassinations of pio Gama pinto, Tom mboya and J.M Kariuki croded the people's confidence in his Government

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Name any three communities who portrayed mixed reactions to the establishment of colonial rule in Kenya

4/10/2021

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Name three communities who portrayed mixed reaction to the establishment of colonial rule in Kenya

Akamba
Luo
Agikuyu

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Give three sources of Kenyan Law

4/10/2021

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Give three sources of Kenyan law.

African traditions and customary law e.g for marriage
Religious e.g the laws used in kadhi’s courts
Common law originating from England which is the most commonly applied in Kenya courts
Statutory law, legislated through Acts of Parliament
Judicial precedents e.g rulings of the court of Appeal
They Kenya constitutions which contains the fundamental law of the land.

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Atika School Provides History and Gvernment questions and answers for KCSE preparations

Explain five ways in which Trans Sahara Trade led to the development of kingdom in Western Sudan

Explain five ways in which Trans sahara Trade led to the development of kingdom in western Sudan

Explain how the invention of the railway speeded up industrialization in Europe.

What led to the failure of indirect rule in Southern Nigeria.

State the methods used by the African nationalists in South Africa to fight for political Liberation.

Explain the function of Cairo

What problems face Nairobi as an urban centre.

Describe the impact of Agrarian Revolution in Britain.

Describe the contribution of Nelson Mandela in the struggle for independence in South Africa.

How did the Cold war affect Africa?

Advantages of oral tradition as a source of history

Give two main economic activities of Homo erectus.

Identify the Political party that took Mozambique to independence.

State two methods used by the French in administration of their colonies.

Give two shortcomings of the Treaty of Versailles.

State one cause of the Cold war.

What is pre-history?

State two functions of Commonwealth Secretariat.

What factors contributed to the development of agriculture in Mesopotamia.

State five disadvantages of road transport.

Explain the results of direct rule in Zimbabwe.

Give reasons for the formation of Non-aligned movement.

Explain the factors which undermine the activities of Non-aligned movement.

Give two problems Jomo Kenyatta faced at the president of Kenya

Name any three communities who portrayed mixed reactions to the establishment of colonial rule in Kenya

Give three sources of Kenyan Law

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Atika School Provides History and Gvernment questions and answers for KCSE preparations

​Explain five ways in which Trans sahara Trade led to the development of kingdom in western Sudan

Archives

Categories

HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATIONS

KCSE Past Papers, Marking Schemes and Reports

ALL SECONDARY RESOURCES (EXAMINATIONS, NOTES, TUTORIALS AND REPORTS)

PRIMARY SCHOOL RESOURCES 8-4-4

KCPE Past Papers, Marking Schemes and Reports

PRIMARY SCHOOL RESOURCES CBC

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NAIROBI UNIVERSITY STUDENTS RESOURCES

KNEC Past Papers For College and other Resources

FREE NOVELS

Explain five ways in which Trans sahara Trade led to the development of kingdom in western Sudan