Reason why African resistance was defeated in Kenya during the colonial period.

Explain six challenges faced by settler farming in Kenya during the colonial

1. Raids by locals whose land had been taken.
2. Unwilling Africans to offer labour, there was a shortage.
3. They lacked basic skills and experience as many had not practiced agriculture before.
4. The settlers were not familiar with the seasons & therefore could not predict when and what to plant.
5. Shortage of capital to invest in agriculture.
6. They were unable to market their produce during the world wars.
7. There was inadequate transport & communication network which affected the movement of people & goods.
8. Pests and animal & crop diseases, hence high cost in production.

Give three reasons why Africans were discouraged from growing cash crops by the British government in Kenya.

1. African- grown coffee would be prone to diseases which would spread to white farms.
2. Africans could lower the quality as they had neither knowledge nor skills.
3. Ensure labour supply for European farms.
4. To avoid unnecessary competition in cash crop farming.

Name three early political associations formed in Kenya during the colonial period.

1. Kikuyu Association/Young Kikuyu Association
2. East African Association
3. Kikuyu Central Association
4. Kavirondo Tax Payers Welfare Association
5. Ukamba Members Association
6. Taita Hills Association
7. Coast African Association

Identify two types of treaties used by Europeans to acquire colonies in East Africa.

1. Protection treaties.
2. Partition treaties.

Name one commission that was established in 1924 to look into African Education in colonial Kenya.

• Phelps stokes commission.

State two function of the African welfare organizations in urban centres during the colonial period

1. Assisting new arrivals to settle down in towns
2. Offset medical bills of members
3. Payment of school fees for members’ children
4. Pay for funeral expenses
5. Organize social gatherings e.g. sports
6. Pay rents for jobless members

Identify two factors that enabled white settlers to establish farms in Kenya highlands during colonial period.

1. Government policy and support
2. Favourable climate
3. Availability of transport especially railway and feeders roads
4. Fertility of the soil

State two objectives of the missionary education in Kenya during the colonial period.

1. To give Africans basic technical skills to improve industrial knowledge
2. To give Africans basic literacy skills like how to read the bible and simple arithmetic
3. To improve  the African agricultural skills to promote European farming
4. To have Africans trained as catechists to enhance the spread of Christianity

Name two Independent Schools Associations which emerged in central Kenya during the colonial period.

1. Kikuyu Independent Schools Association(KISA)
2. Kikuyu Karinga Educational Association (KKEA)

State two characteristics of independent churches in Kenya during the colonial period.

1. They were formed / started by the Africans
2. They accommodated African cultural beliefs/values
3. Africans held senior positions /they were led by the Africans
4. The churches worked closely with the African political Associations

Explain six challenges faced by European settlers in Kenya during the colonial period.

1. They were subjected to constant raids by the Africans whose land had been alienated
2. They lacked essential agricultural skills as many had not practiced farming before
3. They had inadequate labour force as many Africans  initially refused to work for them
4. They were not familiar with the seasons and therefore could not predict when and what to plant/natural calamities eg drought
5. They had  inadequate capital to invest in farming
6. They were unable to market their produce during the world wars
7. They economic depression affected the market prices/fluctuation of prices
8. There was inadequate transport and communication net-work which affected the     movement of goods

State three ways in which Africans benefitted from the Devonshire White Paper of 1923. (3mks)

1. Interests of Africans were given priority/were paramount
2. Racial segregation in residential areas and in urban centres was abolished
3. European demand for self government was rejected
4. A missionary was nominated to the legislative council to represent the interests of Africans.

One country that was not colonized in Africa

1. Liberia
2. Ethiopia