Computer studies analysis of questions and answers

State two features of a graphical user interface. (2mrks)
- Programs are represented graphically by use of Icons.
- Commands are selected and issued using pointing devices, e.g., Mouse.
- There is use of pull-down menus.
- Programs open by displaying windows.
Give two advantages of using GUI based operating systems over a Command line interface. (2mrks)
- User friendliness.
- Easy to learn.
Some computer systems still use Command line interfaces. State one advantage of command line interface. (1mrk)
- They are more flexible than menu-driven interfaces.

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Highlight four factors one should consider when purchasing a printer

19/7/2023

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Highlight four factors one should consider when purchasing a printer

Cost involved, i.e., the printer's buying price, cost of maintenance, & cost of consumable items like printing papers, ribbons/cartridges.
Volume of printing expected (speed of the printer)
Quality of printing, e.g., ability to print graphics & colour.
Capability of the selected printer, i.e., multiple copy production, paper size, print styles, etc.
Compatibility with other computers.
Environment in which the printer will operate.
Ease of maintenance.
Reliability of the printer.
Application it is required for (i.e., purpose/use of the printer).
Type of paper used by the printer.
Documentation.
Availability.

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Describe the structure of a hard disk in reference to cylinders, tracks and sectors.

19/7/2023

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Describe the structure of a hard disk in reference to cylinders, tracks and sectors.

The surface of hard disk is divided into concentric circles called Tracks. Parallel tracks on several platters are called Cylinders.
The tracks are further subdivided into Sectors. Several sectors can be grouped to form Clusters

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State the purpose of registers in a computer system.

19/7/2023

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State the purpose of registers in a computer system.

Holds data and instructions temporarily just before and after processing

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Explain four methods of classifying computers.

19/7/2023

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Explain four methods of classifying computers.

Physical size
Supercomputers, mainframe, minicomputers & microcomputers.
Functionality (mode of data processing)
Analog, digital & Hybrid.
Purpose
General & Special-purpose.
Generations
1st to 5th generation computers.

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Differentiate between Analogue and Digital data.

19/7/2023

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Differentiate between Analogue and Digital data.

Analog data is continuous in nature, while digital data is in discrete form

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Computers have evolved through a number of generations. List any three characteristics of the First generation of computers.

19/7/2023

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Computers have evolved through a number of generations. List any three characteristics of the First generation of computers.

Large in physical size.
Relied on Thermion valves (Vacuum tubes) to process & store data.
Consumed a lot of power.
Produced a lot of heat.
The computers constantly broke down due to the excessive heat generated, hence, were short-lived, and were not very reliable.
Their internal memory capacity/size was low.
Processing speed was very slow.
Very costly.
Used magnetic drum memory.

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Describe the role of an operating system in:

19/7/2023

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Describe the role of an operating system in:

Memory management.
Loads application programs from an external storage into the available locations in the Main memory (RAM). It keeps track (monitors) of the parts of the memory that are in use, and those which are free.
Job scheduling
It prepares, schedules & monitors jobs for continuous processing by the computer system. It determines which task will be processed first and ensures that the one that is currently being processed is closely monitored to avoid wasting time in the processor.
Error handling.
The OS reports any errors that occur during program execution, and also keeps the computer running when errors occur.
Resource control.
The OS controls the use of computer resources by other system software & application programs executed. These resources include; input/output devices, CPU & processing time.

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State two health issues that may result from prolonged use of computers.

19/7/2023

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State two health issues that may result from prolonged use of computers.

Damage to eyesight/eye problems.
Eyestrain.
Headaches.
Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI), i.e., arm strain.

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Give two advantages of a Digital Versatile Disk over a normal Compact disk.

19/7/2023

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Give two advantages of a Digital Versatile Disk over a normal Compact disk.

DVD has a larger storage capacity than a CD.
A DVD offers better data storage quality.

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Computer systems are built from three types of physical components: Processor, memories and Input/Output devices.

19/7/2023

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Computer systems are built from three types of physical components: Processor, memories and Input/Output devices.

State two tasks of a processor

It carries out processing of data.
System control, i.e., it controls the sequence of operations within the computer.
It gives commands to all parts of the computer.
It controls the use of the Main memory in storing of data & instructions.
Provide temporary storage (RAM) and permanent storage (ROM).

List any four examples of computer output devices.

Monitors.
Printers.
Sound output, e.g., Speakers
Plotters.
Sound cards.
Digital projectors.

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Distinguish between cold booting and warm booting.

19/7/2023

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Distinguish between cold booting and warm booting.

cold booting happens when a computer that was originally off is switched on by pressing the power button on the system unit.
warm booting happens when a computer that was originally on is forced to restart by pressing the Restart button on the System unit or by pressing a combination of keys on the keyboard (Ctrl + Alt + Del)

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Identify two proper sitting postures while using the computer.

19/7/2023

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Identify two proper sitting postures while using the computer.

Adopt a relaxed and straight back position to avoid bending forward or leaning far backwards.
The feet should be firmly placed flat on the floor.
the seat must be high enough allowing the eyes to be the same level with the top of the screen.
the seat must have a straight backrest that allows someone to sit upright. This prevents muscle & backaches caused by poor sitting posture
The height of the chair or working surface must be high enough such that your forearms are parallel with the floor and your wrists are straight.
the seat must be high enough relative to the table to enable the user use the hands on the peripheral devices comfortably.

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List three factors to be considered when purchasing a microcomputer.

19/7/2023

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List three factors to be considered when purchasing a microcomputer.

Type of processor
Processing speed
Amount of main memory (RAM)
Storage capacity of the hard disk.
Cost of the computer
Speed of output devices
Number of users who can access the computer at the same time.

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What are peripheral devices?

19/7/2023

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What are peripheral devices?

Those are the elements (components) connected to the computer apart from the System unit.
Peripheral devices are connected to the CPU by use of special cables called data interface cables that carry data, information and programs to & from the devices.

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Distinguish between a menu driven operating system and graphical user interface operating system

19/7/2023

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Distinguish between a menu driven operating system and graphical user interface operating system
MENU DRIVEN INTERFACE

A menu driven operating system provide the user with a list of options that represent computer commands for the user to choose from.

THE GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)

GUI make use of rectangular work areas called windows, graphical objects (icons) to represent computer files and folders, most commands are executed using a pointing device as well as menus.

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The operating system stores details of a file for easy identification and retrieval of files. Explain any four file details the operating system uses to search and identify a file

19/7/2023

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The operating system stores details of a file for easy identification and retrieval of files. Explain any four file details the operating system uses to search and identify a file

A unique name and an optional extension; the name and extension are separated by a period (.).
The file size
The date and time the file was created or modified.
The file type

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Define the term file in relation to the operating system

19/7/2023

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Define the term file in relation to the operating system

This is the smallest unit of data storage in a computer. Every user document in a computer is stored in files of specified formats depending on the program used to create it.
Files can also be defined as a collection of related data items given unique name for ease of access, manipulation and storage.

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Explain any four factors that dictates how the operating system organizes data in a computer

19/7/2023

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Explain any four factors that dictates how the operating system organizes data in a computer

Rapid access
The organization method should allow quick access to stored data
Ease of update
The organization method should allow ease of update and the operating system must be able to keep a record of the date of modification
Economy of storage
the organization method should use the least storage possible because memory is a scarce resource
Simplicity of maintenance
The organization method should enable quick navigation through the file system and make it easy for it to be maintained.
Reliability
the file organization method must be reliable.

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State any four factors to consider when selecting an operating system

19/7/2023

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State any four factors to consider when selecting an operating system

The hardware configuration of a computer e.g. memory capacity, processor speed and hard disk capacity.
The type of computer in terms of size and make. For example, some earlier Apple computers would not run on Microsoft Operating systems
The application software intended for the computer
User – friendliness of the operating system
The documentation available
The cost of the operating system
Reliability and security provided by the operating system
The number of processors and hardware it can support
The number of users it can support.

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COMPUTER STUDIES QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

Functions of Central Processing Unit

State two magnetic Storage devices

State two magnetic Storage devices

Explain the meaning of backup

Explain the meaning of backup

Why should you first switch on the UPS before switching on the system unit and the monitor?

Effects that dust would have on the operation of computers

A computer user may interact with a computer either through Graphical User Interface GUI) or through typed commands.

Highlight four factors one should consider when purchasing a printer

Describe the structure of a hard disk in reference to cylinders, tracks and sectors.

State the purpose of registers in a computer system.

Explain four methods of classifying computers.

Differentiate between Analogue and Digital data.

Computers have evolved through a number of generations. List any three characteristics of the First generation of computers.

Describe the role of an operating system in:

State two health issues that may result from prolonged use of computers.

Give two advantages of a Digital Versatile Disk over a normal Compact disk.

Computer systems are built from three types of physical components: Processor, memories and Input/Output devices.

Distinguish between cold booting and warm booting.

Identify two proper sitting postures while using the computer.

List three factors to be considered when purchasing a microcomputer.

What are peripheral devices?

Distinguish between a menu driven operating system and graphical user interface operating system

The operating system stores details of a file for easy identification and retrieval of files. Explain any four file details the operating system uses to search and identify a file

Define the term file in relation to the operating system

Explain any four factors that dictates how the operating system organizes data in a computer

State any four factors to consider when selecting an operating system

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COMPUTER STUDIES QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

​State two magnetic Storage devices

​Explain the meaning of backup

Categories

Archives

State two magnetic Storage devices

Explain the meaning of backup