A firm intends to purchase new software. List three items that should accompany the software26/12/2020 (a) A firm intends to purchase new software. List three items that should accompany the software (3mks)
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State two methods of minimizing dust in a computer laboratory
Students learning in the Computer Laboratory
Suggest how computers may in future be made more users friendly for persons that are:
Blind
Voice - to - Text
Computers that respond to touch and sound (voice)/Braille keyboard
i) State one area where computers are used. (2 mks)
What is meant by; Analogue data and Digital data
(a) Analogue data: Data that is based on physical variations such as loudness and pitch, electoral voltages
(b) Digital Data- Data, which use the computer’s binary number systems 0 and 1 
Precautionary measures considered to ensure the safety of computers in a computer laboratoryThe Keyword Here Is 'Safety'
Safety here means, a condition or a measure taken to protect computers from unlikely damage, risk, danger or burglary.
Computer Desk (picture courtesy of pinterest)
Why do systems reboot?
State any two machines mentioned in the history of computers
Explain why smart phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs) may be regarded as personal computers.
PDAs and smart phones are powered by microprocessors, which coordinate all of the functions according to programmed instructions just like all other personal computers.
State four reasons why a mobile phone is regarded as a computer.
Smartphones are examples of personal digital assistants (PDAs)
(a) List four devices which though traditionally analog, have evolved to digital systems.
Phonograph
(b) State four advantages of digital technology over analog technology.
Distinguish between general and special purpose computers
General purpose computers are designed to be able to perform variety of tasks when loaded with appropriate programs, while special purpose computers are designed to accomplish a single task.
Differentiate between discrete and analog data
Computers can be classified in many ways.
|
Integrated circuit
|
vacuum tube
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Characteristics of Computers That Makes Them Smarter Than Human Beings
1. THEY ARE EFFICIENT
ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERS
1) Computers process data faster:
2) Computers are more accurate & reliable:
3) Computers are more efficient:
4) Computers can quickly and effectively store & retrieve large amounts of data.
5) They are very economical when saving information, for it can conserve a lot of space.
- First generation computers were very large in size and used thousands of electronic gadgets called vacuum tubes or thermionic valves. They emitted a lot of heat and were difficult to program, use and maintain.
- Second generation computers were smaller in size and used electronic devices called transistors. They produced less heat and were also difficult to program, use and maintain.
- Third generation computers were made of integrated circuits (ICs). They emitted less heat, were smaller in size and easier to program, use and maintain compared to their predecessors.
- Fourth generation computers were made of large scale integrated (LSI) and very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits. They were characterised by very low emission of heat, were small in size, easy to use and maintain.
- Fifth generation computers are today’s computers that have very high processing power and speeds and are designed to solve complex problems. They are characterized by artificial intelligence, connectivity to the internet, superior hardware and software products and are very small in size.
(a) Name four other such devices.
- Napiers bone .
- Slide rule
- La Pascaline machine
- Weaving loom
(b) Explain how the devices listed in (a) above contributed to the development of modern electronic computers.
Napier Bones
Components that may be housed inside the system unit
- Central processing unit (CPU)
- Hard disk
- Drives such as optical and floppy drives
- Main memory
- Power supply unit
- Mother board/ System board
- Internal Speakers
- Cards such as VGA cards, network card or TV cards
- Fans
- Heat Sink
- Data cables such as the ribbon, HDMI, and some other parallel cables
- Power cables
Highlight six peripheral devices that can be connected to a typical computer
- Monitor
A television-like device used for displaying information. - Keyboard
A keying device used to enter data and instructions into a computer. - Mouse
A pointing device that enables the user to execute commands. It is used to control an arrow displayed on the screen. - Speakers
sound output devices used to output sound from the computer. - Printer
An output device used to produce information on a piece of paper (hard copy or print-out) from the computer. - Scanner
An input device used to automatically capture data from source documents or objects.
Using an illustration, explain how a computer operates
- The computer gets input from input devices such as the keyboard.
- The input is then processed in the CPU and is output as information on a device such as the monitor
Differentiate between (a) data and information (b) central processing unit and system unit.
19/12/2020
(a) data and information.
(b) central processing unit (CPU) and system unit.
- A computer can be defined as an electronic device that processes a user’s input (data) to a desired output (information).
- A program refers to a set of instructions that direct a computer on what to do to accomplish a task.
- Peripheral devices are devices that are external to the system unit and are connected to the system through ports.
Differences between human and a computer
- Computers are fast in processing, humans are slow.
- Computers can work in hazardous places without health risks, humans cannot.
- Computers have a larger memory which can also be modified, human's memory is low and cannot be increased or decreased.
- Computers are fast in accessing memory as compared to humans.
- Humans don't use electrical signals to function, computers do.
- Computers are tireless, humans tire.
- Computers are more accurate than humans.
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