1. Hardware consideration:
2.  Main memory size/volume/capability.
3.  Hard disk size.
4. Available input devices.
5.  Available output devices.
6.  Processor specification i.e. speed/type/hardware.
7. Monitor resolution.
8.  Bandwidth for busses (e.g 64-bit)
9.  Compatibility
10.  Configuration
11.  Warranty terms for hardware.

1. System infected with viruses which occupy memory space.
2.  Many utilities are running in the background (e.g antivirus).
3.  Many applications are opened.
4. RAM may be smaller than the required/part of RAM corrupted.
5.  Corrupted Registry.

1. File properties:- File types.
2.  File extension.
3.  File size.
4.  Creating time/date of storage/saves time.
5.  Owner/Account used.
6. Time of modification/date.
7.  Usage conditions/File attributes (Read Only/Archives/Hidden).
8.  Protection information.
9.  Contents of the file - Access time.

1. Ensures that only authorized users access the network through logging in and out.
2.  Restricts when and from where users can access the network.
3.  Dictates which rules/protocols computers may use to communicate.
4.  Supply application to users within a network.

(i) A: \copy ** B

• Copy all files in drive A to drive B

(ii) C:\ERASE * DOC

• Delete all file with the extension DOC from drive C

(iii) B:\DIR P*.BAT

• List all files starting with P and having extension BAT in drive B

(iv) A:\>MD EXAMS

• Create a new folder/directory called EXAM in drive A

A network topology that, from a purely topologies viewpoint, resembles  an interconnection of star networks in that individual  peripheral  nodes are required to transmit to and receive  from one other node only, toward  a central  node, and  are  not required  to act as repeaters or regenerators.

​To prepare storage medium by defining tracks and sectors where data will be placed in compliance with specific operating system requirements.

1. Plotter - Output
2. Light pen - Input
3. Mouse - Input
4. Visual display unit - Output

​A school magazine organizes its works in directories. The directory WP contains the files CATS, EXAMS and ASSIGNMENTS. The directory Sp contains the spreadsheet files and the DB directory contains the database files. The directory PROG is contained in the others directory. The directory WP is contained the PERSONAL directory. Given that the directory student contains directories SP, WP, and OTHERS.

a) Job scheduling -- where job/ tasks are assigned to the processor and main memory depending on their priority 
b) Interrupt handling- halting of other processes taken by the processor so as to attend to remote enquiries or halting a processor for another task to be performed. 

• Parallel
•  Pilot
•  Phase-in/phase out(phased stage)
•  Direct 

• Parallel changeover 
• Reason: The system operations ai-e not interrupted prior to the changeover in terms of time and quality of production 

​(a) (i) What is the name of this file structure? 
(ii) One of the files in MISCELLANEOUS has a file name similar to one in CHEMISTRY in Form 1. Describe what happens if all the contents of CHEMISTRY are copied to MISCELLANEOUS. 
(iii) What will happen if an attempt is made to delete FORM2 while File_10 in MATHEMATICS is open? 
(iv) State four advantages of this structure. 
(b) State four properties that an operating system displays about a file. 
(c)A removable storage media unit connected to a single user microcomputer system is used for permanent storage of programs and data. State six file functions you would expect the operating system of the computer to provide to enable the user to maintain this storage media. 
(d) State two tasks performed by the operating system in each of the following resources:
(i) memory; 
(ii) input/output devices.

RESPONSES

​(a) (i) Hierarchical Structure/Tree structure. 
(ii) File 02 and 03 with be replicated in miscellaneous.

• File 01 in chemistry will replace or remove file 01 in miscellaneous. Some systems may abort. 

(iii) The process will be denied because the OS has file copied into the main memory. 
(iv)

• Easy to secure files by adding attributes.
• Easy to access file/Loading of files.
•  Allows for grouping of similar of files.
• Allows file of the same name to be stored in different folder.
• Easy to add directories. 

(b)File size.

• Date modified.
• File type.
• File name.
• Author.
• Date created.
• Time.

(c)Opening of files/Reading.

• Closing of files.
• Writing of files/saving/storing/print to file.
• A copy commands.
• Backup facility.
• Delete commend/formatting.
• Command to log to different part of the media.
• Changing attributes.
• Renaming.

(d) (i) Swapping of programs in and out of the memory.

• Keep track of what part of the memory is in use.
• Keep track of which process is in control of what part of memory.
• Enforce a policy on how the programs can access it.
• Creating of virtual memory.

(ii)It has control over their request and only grants one request access to avoid deadlocks.

•  Monitor and study the status of 10 and report any fault detected
• Reports of error.
• Controls movement of data/information in and out of the 1/O.
• Allows addition of 1/O devices.

• Pentium II
• 1.44 MB floppy disk drive
• 20 GB hard disk
• Full multimedia
• 17” SVGA monitor
• Pre installed operating system
• Pre- installed office suite

What are the DOS commands used for the following?
(a) Changing directories – CD\
(b) Viewing directories – DIR
(c) Renaming directories – REN or RENAME
(d) Deleting a directory- RD\ 

• Formatting a disk is the process of preparing a disk or other storage medium for use, including setting up an empty file system. while scanning a disk is the process of checking and correcting bad blocks or disk errors on any writable media. such as a hard disk, zip, floppy or super disk. Cracking for virus.

1. Relatively easy for user to start using the software
2. Amount  of effort &  information  required  of the  user to get  the system to complete required  tasks  should be  kept  minimum
3. Systems  should  be self- contained so that  the user is not forced into accessing manuals or dealing  with things  be kept out of the system
4. System should be able to adjust to different levels of expertise between users, and as users grows in competence.
5. User  should be made to feel in control  of what  is going on