understanding LONGITUDES and latitudes

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UNDERSTANDING LONGITUDES AND LATITUDES

Any location on Earth is described by two numbers-its latitude and its longitude. If a pilot or a ship's captain wants to specify position on a map, these are the "coordinates" they would use. 

wHAT ARE LONGITUDES?

​A lines of longitude is also called a meridian, derived from the Latin, from meri, a variation of "medius" which denotes "middle", and diem, meaning "day." The word once meant "noon", and times of the day before noon were known as "ante meridian", while times after it were "post meridian." Today's abbreviations a.m. and p.m. come from these terms, and the Sun at noon was said to be "passing meridian". All points on the same line of longitude experienced noon (and any other hour) at the same time and were therefore said to be on the same "meridian line", which became "meridian" for short.
[​shurdington.org]

• Longitudes are imaginary lines that run on the surface of the earth from the north pole to the south pole.
• Longitudes are used to measure the east and west positions of the earth.
• Longitudes are measured in degrees.
• Longitudes are also called Meridians
• The centre of all longitudes is called The Greenwich Meridian or prime meridian denoted by zero degrees centigrade.
  
• The Greenwich meridian passes through Lagos, Nigeria and London, UK

Longitude, is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east–west position of a point on the Earth's surface, or the surface of a celestial body. It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees and denoted by the Greek letter lambda. Meridians connect points with the same longitude. [Wikipedia]

WHAT ARE LATITUDES?

In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the north–south position of a point on the Earth's surface. Latitude is an angle which ranges from 0° at the Equator to 90° at the poles. Lines of constant latitude, or parallels, run east–west as circles parallel to the equator. [Wikipedia]

• Latitude is defined as a measurement of distance in degrees north and south of the equator
• The word latitude is derived from the Latin word, “latus”, meaning “wide.
• There are 90 degrees of latitude from the equator to each of the poles, north and south.
• Latitude lines are parallel, that is they are the same distance apart
• These lines are sometimes referred to as parallels.        [ketteringschools.org]     

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