Give two ways in which the Agrarian Revolution contributed to European expansion to Africa.15/5/2020 Give two ways in which the Agrarian Revolution contributed to European expansion to Africa.
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Identify one advantage of barter as a system of exchange in the trans-Saharan trade.
State two disadvantages of using coal as a source of industrial energy.
Give two factors that influence the growth of early urban centers in Africa.
They developed as a result of trade. They developed in areas which could be easily defended /security They developed as centers of agriculture /food/fertile soils They developed areas where water was available They develop centers of government /administration They developed in areas where water was available Mining /Industry Religion/Cultural centers Education centers Ports/harbours Identify two ways in which early man used stone tools.
Explain the contributions of the trade union movement in the struggle for independence.
Mobilized workers against the colonial government by use of strikes. It brought together workers / people from all parts of the country thus promoting the spirit of nationalism. The union leaders traveled to all parts of the country to mobilize workers support for the nationalist struggle. It motivated workers to sustain the struggle for their political rights/ self governance. Trade union leaders worked together with nationalists / political parties. Trade Union became the vehicle / voice through which nationalists ideas / protests were channeled, especially after the state of emergency was declared. Trade Union leaders became prominent members of political associations that fought for independence (e.g. T.J. Mboya, Fred Kubai) Describe five demands made by trade unionists in Kenya during the colonial period.
They called for removal of social discrimination in places of work. They demanded same job opportunities with European. They demanded better wages. They demanded for reduction of working hours. They advocated for the abolition of repressive and discriminatory labour laws. They demanded for the equal wages for equal work done by people of different races. They demanded for the release of their leaders who had been arrested during the strike and demonstrations. Explain six ways in which the government of Kenya uses its revenue.
Identify threes types of taxes paid by Kenyans to the government.
Service charge that is paid directly through deductions form salaries. Income tax which is paid by every employed person through monthly deductions. Withholding tax which is deducted from the interest earned on investment. Custom duties imposed on goods that come into Kenya / Airport tax. Excise duty levied goods produced within the country. Sales tax paid by people for things that they buy form shops / value added tax. (VAT) Explain six functions of the cabinet in Kenya
What is the composition of the cabinet in Kenya?
Explain how the existence of many parties had promoted democracy in Kenya.
It had promoted freedom of association by providing alternative parties for people It has provided people with a forum to express their views about how a country should be managed. It had made the government more accountable to the people through constant criticism. It has provided checks and balanced to abuse and misuse of powers by leaders. It has provided system of scrutinizing government expenditure through public .Accounts Committee and Public Investment Committee. It had made people feel free to contribute ideas to any aspect of development in the country without feeling intimidated. It has enabled people who wish to form political parties to go ahead and do so. What factors led to the development of multi party democracy in Kenya in the early 1990’s
Describe the social organization of the Agikuyu during the Pre – colonial period.
The smallest social unit was the family. Several related families formed a clan (mbari) which lived in a defined area. The Agikuyu practiced circumcision for boys and clictoridectomy for girls. The Agikuyu had age – set system (riika) made up of boys and girls who were initiated at the same period. Members of the age set worked together and considered each other as brothers and sisters. Marriage was highly regarded among the Agikuyu as one would raise a family and also own properties. The Agikuyu believed in the existence of a supreme God called Ngai who lived on Mount Kenya (Kirinyaga) The Agikuyu had prayed and made sacrifices to God on various occasions. The Agikuyu also believed in the existence of ancestral spirit who acted as intermediaries between God and the people. The Agikuyu had sacred places of worship such as groves and fig trees. The Agikuyu had some specialists such as prophets, medicine people and rainmakers who were consulted in time of need. State three ways through which communities in Kenya interacted during the pre – colonial period.14/5/2020 State three ways through which communities in Kenya interacted during the pre – colonial period.
Communities exchanged goods through trade. They raided each other for livestock They fought wars with each other. They inter – married Explain why Kenya communities were defeated by the British during the establishment of colonial rule.
Give five reasons why Britain colonized Kenya.
To establish their control over the source of River Nile because of their interests in Egypt. To help stop slave trade in the region and replace it with legitimate trade. To protect their missionaries who were already in Kenya so that they could carry out their missionary work/ spread of Western civilization. To establish a reliable market for their manufactured goods in Britain. For prestige To ensure settlements for surplus population. To invest surplus / excess capital To secure sources of raw materials. To prevent colonization of Kenya by other powers. Explain six factors that led to the decline of the Portuguese rule over the Kenyan coast.
Outline stages in the Portuguese conquest of the coastal towns up to 1510
Give two factors which may undermine the effectiveness of the traffic police in Kenya.
Large numbers of vehicle on the roads. Poor remunerations. Corruption / bribery Lack of public support / confidence Inadequate facilities (e.g. vehicles) Poor conditions or roads. Give two reasons why District Focus for Rural Development was adopted as a development strategy in Kenya.
To help in co-coordinating development efforts in district. To mobilize resources in each district for development. To facilitate prioritization of individual district needs. To hasten development of under developed district Facilitate even distribution of natural wealth resources. To minimize delays caused by Central Government. State one contribution of the ‘Harambee” movement to the development of Health Services in Kenya.14/5/2020 State one contribution of the ‘Harambee” movement to the development of Health Services in Kenya.
It has led to the contribution of building health centres / hospital It has mobilized people to contribute money for purchasing drugs for the needy. Money contributed through harambee has enabled sick people to seek for specialized treatment within and outside the country. It has motivated some medical personnel to offer free medical services to the people. Give one way in which a person may become a member of Parliament in Kenya.
State two provisions of the Independent Constitution of Kenya.
Give two reasons why independent schools were established in Kenya.
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