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Discuss six criticisms that have been made against the communist party.
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Describe the structure of the communist party in the union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)14/5/2020 Describe the structure of the communist party in the union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
The highest organ of the communist party structure was the all-union party congress. It was the final decision making organ. Another important party organ was the Poliburo/Presidium of the central committee. It made decisions when the central committee was in recess. The central party committee controlled and supervised and supervised the functions of the various department e.g. the Amy, finance and personnel The secretariat was the next organ in the political set up of the communist party. It played a role in the formation of government policy. Explain six factors that led to the collapse of East African community.
Why was the East African community formed?
To maintain a common market for the member states/ promotes balanced economic cooperation To provide common services to the three member state especially in the areas of transport and communications To promote political cooperation between the three countries Facilities free movement of the people of the region to foster greater cooperation and understanding among them. Explain the political organization of Mwene Mutapa Kingdom during the pre- colonial period14/5/2020 Explain the political organization of Mwene Mutapa Kingdom during the pre- colonial period.
The empire was ruled by the emperor who was both head of state and Government The office of the emperor was hereditary The emperor was assisted in administering the empire by the queen mother, head drummer, emperor’s sister, emperor’s principal wives the chancellor and military The empire was divided into provinces which were ruled by lesser kings/ chiefs who were directly answerable to the emperor The Empire had a standing army which was used for defense and expansion of the kingdom The emperor controlled trade activities whose revenue was used to sustain the empire and the army. Priests acted as a link between the people and the emperor The king was military leader The king was a religious leader/ semi divine Describe the social organization of the Shona during the Pre- colonial period.
The shona believed in one powerful god Mwari They believed in the existence of ancestral spirits whom they consulted from time to time The Shona communicated with the spirit through mediums/ oracles The priests presided over religious functions such as offerings sacrifices to god Shona elders were highly respected Priests came from Rozwi clan They had sacred places of worship/ shrines They were clan based They live in circular stone houses It was a polygamous society Explain five ways in which West African communities benefited from the Trans- Saharan Trade.14/5/2020 Explain five ways in which West African communities benefited from the Trans- Saharan Trade.
What five factors undermined the trans- Saharan trade?
Explain six factors that contributed to the spread of Christianity up to the thirteenth century A.D14/5/2020 Explain six factors that contributed to the spread of Christianity up to the thirteenth century A.D
What three factors have led to the development of religious beliefs in societies
Desire to understand things that were beyond human understanding such as the sun, moon, floods and drought Search for security in the face of uncertain to human existence e.g. death, diseases and war Attempts by the human race to explain their existence on earth i.e. the belief in existence of a force behind creation Desire to keep the community together Desire for unity Direct/ indirect divine revelation to certain individuals in the society. Explain four advantage of the land tenure system in Britain
Why did the industrial revolution take place in Britain ahead of other European countries?14/5/2020 Why did the industrial revolution take place in Britain ahead of other European countries?
Britain had ready markets for industrial products within the British Empire The empire was also a source of raw material for industries in Britain. She had large reserves of coal, which was used, as a source of industrial Energy She had a well- established cottage industry which provided a basis for the industrial growth Some of the inventions that accelerated industrialization were made in Britain e.g. steam engine Britain had developed a strong economic base in her participation in overseas trade. There existed a class of rich businessmen who were keen to invest in the Industries Availability of labour following the displacement of peasants as a result of the Agrarian revolution. Agrarian revolution led to production of adequate food for the industrial Workers. Existence of well developed banking and insurance systems which advanced loans to entrepreneurs Protection of her trading ships from piracy by her strong navy Britain had a well- developed transport system both land and water Availability of skilled labour Britain enjoyed relatively long period of peace and stability Explain five consequences of urbanization on European communities during the nineteenth century.14/5/2020 Explain five consequences of urbanization on European communities during the nineteenth century.
What five factors influenced the development of early urban centers in Africa?
Discovery of crop farming led to the development of farming centers which attracted population and later became towns Trading activities between different communities led to the development of trading centres which later became town. Trading centres that were used for religious activities developed into towns. Areas that had adequate security attracted population concentration and thus led to the development of towns. Places that were used for administrative functions developed into towns Places along the coast where ships stopped for supplies developed into towns. Mining centres developed into settlements which became towns for example Meroe. Places where water for use was available attracted settlements and grew into Towns. Towns developed at cross- routes Development of centres of learning e.g. Alexandria Distinguish between a written and an unwritten constitution
State one privilege which members of the British Parliament enjoy.
Give the main reason why the league of Nations was established in 1919
State two economic challenges which Tanzania has faced since independence
Poor transport and communication network Inadequate resources Inadequate capital/ funds High inflation rates Trade imbalance Nationalization of key factors of production Food shortages due to prolonged drought and inadequate commitment to Farming Increasing external debts Collapse of E.A.C Costly war with Uganda in 1978 – 79 Identify one way in which the rise of nationalism undermined the policy of assimilation in French West Africa.
To get assistance against their enemies/ hostile neighbours Show them courtesy assuming that they would soon leave To get material gain/ benefit e.g. guns, clothes e.t.c To retain their independence/ traditional ruler Influence of the missionaries Ignorance of the initiation of the European imperialists Give one reason why some African communities collaborated with the European imperialists.
State one economic factor which encouraged the Europeans to partition Africa during the nineteenth century.
Need for raw materials for their industries Search for the market for their manufactured goods Desire by rich industrialists to invest their surplus capital Give two functions of the Kabaka of Buganda.
He was the head of the government He was the commander in chief of the armed forces He appointed senior officials in the government He was the supreme judge He was in charge of all religious activities/ chief priest He controlled trade State the main reason why the Independent churches movement started during the nineteenth century.14/5/2020 State the main reason why the Independent churches movement started during the nineteenth century.
To incorporate African values and practices into Christianity Create leadership opportunities in the church for Africans Identify two ways in which the Yoruba worshipped their gods
They offered prayers in shrines They offered sacrifices of the gods Priests presided over the offerings of sacrifices/ prayers They gave offerings to their gods What is the difference between barter trade and trade in which currency is used as the medium of exchange?
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