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Explain how they system of government of the USA works.
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Describe the functions of the president of the United States of America (USA)
Explain the results of the Second World War.
Describe three factors that enabled the Allied Powers to win the Second World War.
Germany’s inability to effectively control her expansive territories and some turned against her and fought along the Allies. The USSR recovered from her losses rearmed and attacked Germany. The allies had more supporters than the Axis powers who remained four i.e. German, Bulgaria, Austria and Turkey. U.S.A’s entry into the war on the side of Allies attack of Pearl Harbour. Germany’s forces were overstretched by fighting war in many fronts. Allied forces had better arms than the Axis powers e.g. Atomic bombs. A chief forces controlled N sea 4 blocked Germany. Explain why the use of indirect rule in Southern Nigeria was unsuccessful.
Southern Nigeria did not have centralized indigenous system of government that was necessary for the application of indirect rule. Lack of homogeneity in the South as there were many ethnic groups, languages & customs to be understood. The British introduced new ideas such as forced labour and direct taxes which infuriated the people. The failure of the British administrators to fully understand how the socio, economic and political system of Southern Nigeria (based on the Office of the Oba). Operated made them five up easily. Opposition from the educated elite who felt out of the administration of their country / leadership. The educated people in Southern Nigeria resented the chiefs appointed by the British because they were illiterate. The Obas of southern Nigeria had defined powers such as mediation, so when they were given wide ranging powers, people became discounted. Communication barriers between the British supervisors, the warrant chiefs and the people often led to misinterpretation and misunderstanding. Misuse of power by the warrant chiefs who raised taxes for their own benefits. They also harassed women sexually. Use of excessive force to suppress any form of resistance provoked resentment e.g. the shooting women during a demonstration against British administration. Why did the British use indirect rule to administer Northern Nigeria?
To reduce the administrative costs of the colony because it was vast / costs. The British did not have enough trained personnel to administer the area no person. There existed an already acceptable system of administrating through the Emirs and Qadis. They did not want to provoke people of Northern Nigeria into rebellion – rear or rebellious by introducing new rules. Indirect rule had already succeeded in Uganda and India, so they had points of reference. The adoption of the Dual Mandate policy by the British government encouraged the development of the colony for its own good and the good of Britain. Poor communication network. Explain five reforms that were introduced by the German administration after the Maji Maji uprising.14/5/2020 Explain five reforms that were introduced by the German administration after the Maji Maji uprising.
What reasons led to the failure of Maji Maji rebellion in 1907.
Africans wee not well organized in their assistance. Each community fought on its won / lack of proper coordination. The magic water failed to protect Africans from German bullets leading to the death of African soldieries into the battle. The Africans did not unite to face the common enemy for example to Hehe and Nyamwesi did join the revolution / lack of unity. The Germans received reinforcement from Germany and other colonies and thus their number overwhelmed the African Soldiers. African soldiers lacked enough weapons to use against the Germans. The Africans did not have a well trained army / lack of military skills. The ruthlessness of the German soldiers in crushing the rebellion e.g use of scorched earth policy. Capture and execution of leaders demoralized the warriors. Explain the Christian church split during the 16th century.
Translation of the Bible to many European languages enables people to read the world and challenge some of the teachings. Corrupt practices in the church e.g. pluralism (holding more than one office in the church. Buying offices in the church. The clergy lived luxurious lives and many lived for wordy pleasures in the monasteries and nunneries which was not in accordance with the teachings of Bible. Sale of indulgencies to those who had sinned in order to be forgiven. Practice of the nepotism and appointment of their relatives to high offices. The clergy ignored the rule of celibacy and kept mistresses. The faithful were opposed to the heavy taxes imposed on them to sustain the church. Reformist questioned some church practices and ceremonies e.g. confession. The growth of nationalism throughout Europe made many people to question why they were Answerable to Rome. Excessive secular and religion powers for the pope. The age of Renaissance (Rebirth) likened traditional beliefs of the church at the time Struggled for papacy The development of printing press to production of more religious materials. The unwillingness of the clergy to compromise with the demands of the reformists especially after the trial and excommunication of Martin Luther. In what way are the teachings of Islam similar to those of Christianity?
Explain five results of the industrial Revolution in Europe during the 19th Century.
There was extensive use of machinery instead of human labour. Use of steam power instead of water wind and animal power. Establishment of factories in place of collage industries. Production of goods in large quantities. (Mass production) Use of iron and steel instead of wood Growth of surplus capital for investment/capitalism. Improved living standards/Employment. High population growth rate. Rural urban migration. Improved transport system e.g. railway. Utilization of scientific knowledge in production of goods. Production of different types of goods / variety Increased trade. Growth of towns / urbanization Development of banking insurance industries. Led to pollution Led to the rise of trade unionism Factory owners exploited workers/ poor working condition. European economist were diversified / job specialization. Promoted agriculture. What factors led to the industrialization in German in the 19th Century?
The establishment of the Zollverein removed trade barriers and led to free trade and economic growth. Availability of coal as a source of industrial energy/H.E.P Availability of iron ore as a source of raw materials for industries. Political unity of all German states under the leadership of Bismark. Acquisition of all German states under the leadership of Bismark. Existence of a large population provided labour/unskilled labour Availability of local market from the large population. Development of goods transport and communication network The government supported industry and encouraged Germany entrepreneurs. Enterprising of nature of Germany Whom with managerial skills /skilled labour Availability of external market. Explain six factors that led to the decline of the Trans-Atlantic trade.
The development of Industrial Revolution in Europe shifted the demand from slaves to agricultural produce e.g. Palm oil. The need to retain Africans in their homelands to produce raw materials for export to Europe. The attainment of independence by the USA left Britain without colonies where she would talk the slaves to work. The rise of Humanitarians in Britain made up missionaries and some parliamentarians pressurized the British government to abolish the slave trade and slavery. The development of the legitimate trade which was more profitable and less costly replaced slave trade and slavery. Britain influenced other European countries to stop slavery and slave trade by signing anti slave trade treaties. Use of machines in farms/industries rendered slave labour unnecessary. Lending Economist e.g. Adams smiths argued that free people were more productive than slaves. French Rev. of 1789 spread ideas of Liberty qualifying brotherhood to all mankind Closure of American slave market after the defeat of S. American stated at the civil war. Describe three ways through which slaves were obtained during the Trans-Atlantic slaves trade.14/5/2020 Describe three ways through which slaves were obtained during the Trans-Atlantic slaves trade.
State the main reason why the USSR adopted a one party system of government
Give two political developments in South Africa between 1990 and 1991 which led to peaceful introduction of majority rule.
Give the main cause of the cold war.
Give the main reason why the League of Nations was formed in 1919.
To prevent the occurrences of another world war/to maintain world peace. State two conditions that one lead to fulfill in order to become fully assimilated in French West Africa.
Ability to speak French. Literacy in French government/army Service in the French government/army Residence in Quabe de communities in Senegal Had to be monogamous. Accepting Christianity. Give two methods that European powers used to occupy African during the nineteenth century.14/5/2020 Give two methods that European powers used to occupy African during the nineteenth century.
Diplomacy/treaty making/promises of protection/ giving gifts. Trickery/use of missionaries explorers/traders Military conquest e.g. the French in West Africa. Divide and rule tactics i.e. playing off one community against another/promoting later state conflicts. Annexation Setting up administrative posts State two effects of the development of railway transport in the 19th Century.
It facilitated transportation of bulky goods He led to growth of towns It led to growth of towns It facilitated in the entrenchment of colonial administration/movement of soldiers. It facilitated in the entrenchment of colonial administration/movement of soldiers It facilitated the spread of Christ unity Created employment opportunities State one contribution of Joseph Lister in the field of medicine in the 19th Century.
Give two inventions that improved textile manufacturing industry in Britain in the 18th Century.14/5/2020 Give two inventions that improved textile manufacturing industry in Britain in the 18th Century.
Identify two features of early Greek City states.
State two factors that facilitated the growth of the Asante Kingdom.
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