history topical past papers online for kcse knec

What are the functions of the United States Congress?

17/5/2020

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What are the functions of the United States Congress?

It acts as a check on the executive arm of the government by examining administrative work.
It approves taxation measures and make sure that the government expenditure is properly used and accounted for.
Making laws
Amend laws.
Senate approves treaties with foreign countries
It can appoint a commission of inquiry to investigate any problem.
Senior civil servants are appointed by the president with the approval of the senate.
Congress closely monitors the conduct of the president, vice president and other senior public officials.
Congress is a representative body elected by people and it reflects the aspiration an interest of the American people.

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Give three requirements for one to be allowed to contest as a presidential candidate in the United States of America.

17/5/2020

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Give three requirements for one to be allowed to contest as a presidential candidate in the United States of America.

Be at least 35 years old.
Be an American citizen by birth.
Must have been a resident of the country 14 years.

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Explain the economic problems faced by the Democratic Republic of congo since independence.

17/5/2020

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Explain the economic problems faced by the Democratic Republic of congo since independence.

Political upheavals have hindered exploitation of Congo’s resources.
Belgium had led other western nationals in dominating the exploitation of Congolese mineral wealth. Profits are repatriated to Europe and Congolese have not benefited from mining activities on their land.
Excessive reliance on foreign aid have created large debts which are hard to pay.
There is trade imbalance between Congo and her partners.
Corruption and mismanagement of country’s key sectors.
Poverty and lack of capital had hindered the exploitation of resources.
Lack of a clear policy of economic recovery after the colonial exploitation.
Inflation due to printing of currency.
Unemployment: lack of job opportunities
Poor transport means.

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Give three political changes introduced by Mobutu Sese Sekowhich led to dictatorship in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

17/5/2020

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Give three political changes introduced by Mobutu Sese Sekowhich led to dictatorship in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

He made himself head of state and government thus centralized power in his hands.
He banned all political parties . In 1967 he formed the people’s revolutionary movement and made it the only legal party.
He reformed the constitution and stripped parliament off its powers.
Mobutu abolished the federal system of government and local assemblies.
He declared himself president for life in 1970.

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Give six reasons why the Central Powers were defeated in the First World War.

17/5/2020

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Give six reasons why the Central Powers were defeated in the First World War.

The allied powers had more states supporting them.
Allies had more financial and industrial resources.
Allied powers controlled the North sea and Atlantic Ocean and blockaded the central powers.
The invasion of neutral Belgium by Germany made the world to turn against the central powers.
The entry of USA into the war helped to defeat the central powers.
The central powers were located in the central part of Europe and Were surrounded by enemies from every side.
Multines in German army weakened the Germany resistance.
The failure of the Schrieffer plan
Good political leadership among the allied powers.

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Identify three terms of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.

17/5/2020

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Identify three terms of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.

German to surrender some of other territories in European e.g. Alsace and Lorraine were returned to France.
German to surrender all her colonies.
German to pay £6.6 million to the allies as reparation money.
The city of Danzing to be a free city under the league.
German was restricted to an army of 100,000 men and it’s equipment were limited.

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Explain six positive effects of European colonization of Africa.

17/5/2020

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Explain six positive effects of European colonization of Africa.

Formation of states:- Colonization helped in the formation of states. During the struggle for independence different communities came together to fight for independence. These later became independent states with many different tribes.
It speeded economic growth in Europe through trade.
Africans were introduced to international commerce.
Development of infrastructure e.g. roads and railways by the Europeans in Africa.
Development of urban centres in areas where Europeans settled.
Fame and prestige: - Europeans powers who gained more colonies in Africa gained fame and prestige.

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How did the invention of the steam engine contribute to the process of colonization in Africa?

17/5/2020

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How did the invention of the steam engine contribute to the process of colonization in Africa?

It helped in the development of transport e.g. steam ship and trains. This helped in the transportation of people in Africa.
With the development of railway Europeans were able to move into the interior of Africa and exploit minerals.
There was demand for coal to produce more steam.
It was possible to move troops to conquer the people of Africa using steam trains and vehicles.
There was demand for raw materials as the steam engine was
manufacturing goods at a faster rate.

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Describe six social problems faced by the residents of Johannesburg since the end of apartheid.

17/5/2020

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Describe six social problems faced by the residents of Johannesburg since the end of apartheid.

Poor working conditions for African living around Johannesburg.
Most people live in Shanties mainly because of unemployment. This led to development of slums.
Poor living conditions in the slums e.g. poor sanitation.
Criminal activities have increase due to unemployment.
Pollution from industries and garbage.
HIV / AIDS is a major health problem.
Wide gap between the affluent who are the minority and the poor majority who area Africans.
Inadequate social facilities e.g. education and health facilities.

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State three factors that have contributed to the growth of Johannesburg city

17/5/2020

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State three factors that have contributed to the growth of Johannesburg city

Discovery of Gold in Witwatersrand.
There was clean water supply from river Vaal which was used for domestic as well as industrial use.
It is situated on a plain (veld) which make building constructions and communication easy.
Existence of minerals e.g. diatomite’s.
The areas surrounding the town have fertile soils therefore agriculturally productive.

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Describe the organization of the Trans – Saharan trade.

17/5/2020

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Describe the organization of the Trans – Saharan trade.

It involved traders from North Africa and people of North Africa and people of West Africa.
The people involved were Arabs and Berbers from the North, Tauregs from the desert and the people of West Africa.
Arabs in the North organized the caravans. Preparations were made in advance to have enough goods, food especially indigenous foods.
Departure dates were set after the end of the rainy season when the storms were minimal.
The Berbers and Tauregs acted as guides and provided security in the desert.
The traders moved in caravans of up 1000 camels for security in the desert.
In the south the traders stayed for up to three months selling goods.
If they had not finished selling the goods by the end of the tree months they hired local agents to continue selling goods and buying others on their behalf.
The local agents also maintained good relations with local rulers by giving them gifts and paying tribute.
In return the local rulers offered security to the traders. They also regulated the precaution and supply of gold.
From the North they brought salt, copper, needles, spices, beds, grass ware horses, clothes , daggers, firearms e.t.c.
There were several trade routes that were used by the traders e.g. the Western route, central and eastern route.

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Identify the three types of trade.

17/5/2020

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Identify the three types of trade.

Local trade
Regional trade
International trade.

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Explain six ways that the developing countries can use to reduce the problem of food shortages.

17/5/2020

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Explain six ways that the developing countries can use to reduce the problem of food shortages.

Land reclamation through irrigation or draining swamps.
Extensive research on better quality animal and crop breeds and on how to control pests and diseases.
Establishment of agricultural training institutes to train agricultural officers.
Soil conservation and restoration as well a forestation and re- a forestation.
Encouraging people to eat different types of food especially indigenous foods.
Control the rate of population growth through family planning.
Use of democracy and diplomacy to solve political problems.
The governments are trying to subsidize by providing farmers with seeds and tools.

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State three ways in which people in developing countries are affected by food shortages.

17/5/2020

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State three ways in which people in developing countries are affected by food shortages.

It has led to deaths of hundreds of people due to famine.
Increased suffering as many people due to famine.
It has led to social problems like raids and theft.
It had caused migration of people affected by food shortage.
It affects agricultural based industries.

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Identify two types of democracy.

17/5/2020

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Identify two types of democracy.

Direct or pure democracy – This is where the people in a state are allowed to freely participate in an important decision making forums that pertain matters of the state.
Indirect or representative Democracy – This is where citizens exercise their right in decision making through their chosen representatives

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Give two achievements of the commonwealth.

17/5/2020

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Give two achievements of the commonwealth.

Member states have received technical know – how through the provision of experts and advisers in various field e.g. agriculture.
The developing member states of the organization have acquired skilled man power through the provision of scholarships and training programmes by the developed member states of the organization.
Members states have conducted trade among themselves with relative ease.
There has been cultural interaction among member states e.g. games& exchange programmes.
The developed member state have provided financial aid to the developing member states.
The organization has provided a forum for member states to air their views with one voice on international issues.
The organization had provided a mechanism of maintaining peace among member states, e.g. the common wealth eace keeping force which was sent to Zimbabwe.
It has promoted friendship and understanding among members states through conference.
It had enhanced democratization process in developing countries by sending observers to monitor elections.

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State two duties of the United Nations Secretariat.

17/5/2020

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State two duties of the United Nations Secretariat.

Register treaties
Publishing reports
Interpret speeches and translate documents into the UN’S official languages.
Implement policies
Bring to the attention of the Security Council any problem that threatens international peace.
Administer peace keeping operating and mediate international dispute

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State the main reason why nationalism developed in Ghana during the colonial rule.

17/5/2020

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State the main reason why nationalism developed in Ghana during the colonial rule.

Loss of independence
Exploitation of African resources e.g. land and minerals.
Western education

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Identify the immediate cause of the First World War.

17/5/2020

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Identify the immediate cause of the First World War.

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife in Sarjevo.

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Give two results of the French assimilation policy in Senegal

17/5/2020

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Give two results of the French assimilation policy in Senegal.

All colonies were subjected to the same law.
Racial discrimination was minimal in the colonies.
It undermined African culture.
French goods and modern ways spread in West Africa.
Educated African spearheaded nationalism in Africa.
Africans were represented by deputies in the National Assembly.

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Give one reason why the Lozi collaborated with the British during the colonization of Africa.

17/5/2020

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Give one reason why the Lozi collaborated with the British during the colonization of Africa.

Lewanika collaborated with the British in order to protect his Kingdom against the Germans and Portuguese / European enemies.
Lewanika desired Western education and civilization and wanted the British to introduce it in his country / wanted his son to be educated.
Lewanika wanted the British to protect him against his internal enemies e.g. in 1884 Lewanika faced an internal rebellion / safeguard his position.
Lewanika who had already sought British protection against the Boers.
Lewanika saw the futility of resisting a strong power like Britain, so he chose to collaborate.
Lewanika wanted the British to protect his kingdom from attacksby other African communities such as the Ndebele and Shona / African enemies.
Lewanika was influenced by the European missionaries who had visited earlier to collaborate.
In order to preserve the economy structure of his people.
Desire for the promotion of trade between Britain and his people.

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Identify the two European powers that acquired colonies in East Africa.

17/5/2020

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Identify the two European powers that acquired colonies in East Africa.

Britain
Germany

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State the role of the ‘golden stool’ in the Asante Kingdom during the 19th century.

17/5/2020

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State the role of the ‘golden stool’ in the Asante Kingdom during the 19th century.

It was the symbol of unity within the Asante Empire.

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Identify one reason that led to the decline of Meroe as an early urban center.

17/5/2020

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Identify one reason that led to the decline of Meroe as an early urban center.

The rise of Axum Kingdom which developed East of Merowe denied Merowe access to the red sea causing decline in trade.
The king of Axum subdued and destroyed Merowe in 350 A.D
Desertification due to deforestation led to decline of food supply for her people.
Deforestation caused the decline of food supply for her people.

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Identify the main method of trade in Africa during the pre- colonial period.

17/5/2020

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Identify the main method of trade in Africa during the pre- colonial period.

Barter

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<<Previous

What are the functions of the United States Congress?

Give three requirements for one to be allowed to contest as a presidential candidate in the United States of America.

Explain the economic problems faced by the Democratic Republic of congo since independence.

Give three political changes introduced by Mobutu Sese Sekowhich led to dictatorship in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Give six reasons why the Central Powers were defeated in the First World War.

Identify three terms of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.

Explain six positive effects of European colonization of Africa.

How did the invention of the steam engine contribute to the process of colonization in Africa?

Describe six social problems faced by the residents of Johannesburg since the end of apartheid.

State three factors that have contributed to the growth of Johannesburg city

Describe the organization of the Trans – Saharan trade.

Identify the three types of trade.

Explain six ways that the developing countries can use to reduce the problem of food shortages.

State three ways in which people in developing countries are affected by food shortages.

Identify two types of democracy.

Give two achievements of the commonwealth.

State two duties of the United Nations Secretariat.

State the main reason why nationalism developed in Ghana during the colonial rule.

Identify the immediate cause of the First World War.

Give two results of the French assimilation policy in Senegal

Give one reason why the Lozi collaborated with the British during the colonization of Africa.

Identify the two European powers that acquired colonies in East Africa.

State the role of the ‘golden stool’ in the Asante Kingdom during the 19th century.

Identify one reason that led to the decline of Meroe as an early urban center.

Identify the main method of trade in Africa during the pre- colonial period.

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