What is barter trade? And limitations of using this method in trade.

15/4/2021

Definition of barter trade.

This is actually a business where mode of transaction or medium of exchange is goods/services for other goods/services

E.G. a farmer wanting to buy a hoe from a blacksmith will agree with the black smith to exchange hoes for lets say goats or food of equivalent value. In barter trade, no money nor electrical money transfer services are used.

Definition of barter trade, what is barter trade?

Identify one limitation of using barter as a method of trade

Some commodities are bulky/ heavy and are difficultly to transport
It may not be easy to establish the exchange rate of commodities
Perishable goods are likely to go to waste if negotiations are not done in time
It requires double coincidence of demands
Indivisibility of some commodities

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CHAPTER 9: TRADE

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Explain five ways in which home erectus attempted attempted to improve his way of live

15/4/2021

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How Homo Erectus attempted to improve his life

Identify five ways in which Homo erectus attempted to improve his way of life (5 marks)

Domesticated animals and crops
Invented more efficient tools to ease his work, Improved stone tools through use of Levallors technique
Invented fire for cooking, lightning, warming and protecting himself from wild animals
Made and lived in caves for more permanent settlements and security
Made clothes out of animal skins
Created leisure activities such as artwork
Developed language for effective communication
Migrated to warmer areas or regions

How Homo Erectus attempted to improve his life

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Name the Empire that was ruled by Samori Toure during the European invasion of Africa.

14/12/2020

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Name the Empire that was ruled by Samori Toure during the European invasion of Africa

The Mandinka Empire

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CHAPTER 16: European invasion of Africa and the process of colonization

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Explain six factors which influenced Lewanika of the Balozi to collaborate with the British.

14/12/2020

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Factors which influenced Lewanika of the Balozi to collaborate with the British

In order to protect his Kingdom against the Germans and Portuguese
Lewanika desire western education and civilization and wanted the British to introduce it in his country
Lewanika wanted the British to protect him against his internal enemies e.g. in 1884 Lewanika forced an internal rebellion.
Lewanika was encouraged to collaborate with the British by King Khama of Botswana who has already sought British to protect his Kingdom from attacks by other African communities such as the Nebela and Shona.
Lewanika wanted the British to protect his kingdom from attacks by other African communities such as the Ndebela and Shona.
Desire to promote trade between his people and British
Lewanika was influenced by the European missionaries who had visited earlier, to collaborate.

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Factors which influenced Lewanika of the Balozi to collaborate with the British

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Explain three ways in which Macadamised roads are an improvement to road transport

16/11/2020

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Ways in which Macadamised roads are an improvement to road transport

They are all weather roads.
They are durable
Water drain off easily
They provide a good motoring surface.

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What methods did the European powers use to acquire colonies in Africa?

27/10/2020

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Methods the European powers use to acquire colonies in Africa

They signed treaties with the local ruler
They used military force to subdue communities which resisted
They signed treaties among themselves to partition Africa e.g. the 1890 Angola-German agreement which German gave Witu to Britain and Britain gave Heligoland to German.
Use of treaty / tricks/ deception

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KNEC KCSE History & Government Paper 2 1996 Q & A

25/10/2020

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History Paper 2 1996 Questions and Answers

1. Identify two sources of information which historians use to write the History of Africa (2 mks)

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KNEC KCSE History & Government Paper 2 1996 Q & A

25/10/2020

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KCSE HISTORY & GOVERNMENT PAPER 1 1996

1. Give two functions of the council of elders among the Akamba during the pre-colonial period.

They had powers to declare war and make peace/prepared youth for war
They presided over religious and other ritual functions
They offered advice to the community when need arose
They ruled the community / settle disputes

Any 2 points 1 mark each (2 mks)

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Explain six functions of the Federal Government of the United States of America. (USA).

24/11/2018

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Functions of the Federal Government of the United States of America. (USA)

The federal government of USA formulates and directs foreign policy
It regulates internal and external trade.
It declares war and makes peace with other nations of the world
It gives currency to the members states of the federation and regulates its supply
It formulates and enforces policy guidelines on taxation for the member states of the Federation and regulates its supply.
It gives grants to member states of the federation and monitor their use
It formulates policies governing internal security of the entire Federal Republic
It medicates in inter-state disputes within the federation and monitor their use
Established a federal aimed force
Passes laws needed to carry out Us power
Admits new states
Establish federal court
Establishes postal systems

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Electoral Process in the USA and India

Functions of the Federal Government of the United States of America. (USA)

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What is the role of the prime minister in Britain?

24/11/2018

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Role of the prime minister in Britain

The prime Minister is the leader of the House of Commons
Is the head of the British government
Chairs cabinet meetings
Appoints and dismisses ministers
Initiates both domestic and foreign policies
Represents Britain.

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Chapter 32: The Electoral Process and Functions of Governments in Other Parts of The World

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Discuss the effects of the French policy of assimilation in Senegal

24/11/2018

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Effects of the French policy of assimilation in Senegal

The application of the assimilation policy lead to the promotion of French culture in Senegal
The policy of assimilation undermined African culture as many adopted French culture.
It undermined the authority of the traditional rulers as they were replaced by the assimilated Africans
Senegal was incorporated into French Republic and regarded as an overseas province of France.
Africans from Senegal were allowed to participate in the political affairs of France. Some of them became Deputies and Ministers in the French government.
It undermined the spread of Islam in the four communes where many Africans had adopted French Christianity
It created division among Africans; in Senegal some became citizens while other became French people.
It created a class of western/ French education in the four communes
It led to the development of Western/French education in the four communes.
Class of African elite spearheaded nationalism.

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Describe the factors which facilitated the application of the French policy of assimilation in the four communes in Senegal.

24/11/2018

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Factors which facilitated the application of the French policy of assimilation in the four communes in Senegal

A high percentage of the Mullatoes in the population of the communes who appreciated the European culture, made it easy for the French to apply their policy of assimilation.
The people in the four communes had long interaction with the French trades, administrators and missionaries and this enabled them to appreciate European culture.
A high percentage of the inhabitants of the four communes had been converted to Christianity and this made it possible for the French to apply their policy.

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COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION

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Explain six factors which promoted Christian missionary activities in Africa during the nineteenth century

24/11/2018

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Explain six factors which promoted Christian missionary activities in Africa during the nineteenth century

Existence of already established trade routes/ which connected the
African coastal raiding posts with the interior facilitated the movement of the missionaries.
Use of guides and porters made the movement of the missionaries and the transportation of their luggage easy
The learning of local languages by the missionaries facilitated their activities among different communities.
Training African catechists and other religious leaders helped in spreading Christianity in Africa.
The discovery of cure of some tropical diseases e.g. quinine for treating malaria fever, reduced the number of death cases among the missionaries
Support and protection given to missionaries by some African rulers e.g. Lewanika of Bulonzi promoted missionary activities.
Support from the church organization in Europe enabled the missionaries to carry out their activities
Support from the colonial government (e.g. protection against some hostile communities) enabled the missionaries to carry out their activities.
The establishment of mission stations which were used as bases from which were used as bases from which they operated the stations also provided other social services e.g. health care.
Translocation of the Bible and other Christian literature made Christianity accessible to many African communities.

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KNEC KCSE HISTORY & GOVERNMENT PAPER 2 1996 Q & A

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Why were African independent churches established?

24/11/2018

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Give reasons, for the establishment of independent churches in Kenya during the colonial period.

To develop worship pattern that are relevant to their needs
To avoid being discriminated against in the missionary churches
To preserve their cultural heritage which was being threaten by European missionaries.
To provide a forum for cultural activities

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Why were African independent churches established?

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Describe the effects of the Trans – Saharan trade of West African societies?

23/11/2018

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Effects of the Trans – Saharan trade of West African societies

The trade led to the development of towns in West Africa e.g. Gao Timbuku
It led to the spread of Islam and Islamic learning in West Africa
The trade led to the emergence of a class of wealthy people the merchants who participated in the trade.
The trade promoted intermarriage between North African and West African.
Growth in Agricultural production
Increase warfare
The trade introduced new cultural values in West Africa e.g. people adopted new styles of dressing and eating habits.
Trade led to the introduction of Arab architectural designs in West Africa.
Trade led to the introduction of Empires e.g. Mali Soghai and Ghana.
It led to the depopulation of West Africa through slave trade.
West Africa was known to the outside world.

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​HISTORY & GOVernment

Questions and Answers

Definition of barter trade.

​Identify one limitation of using barter as a method of trade

​How Homo Erectus attempted to improve his life

Identify five ways in which Homo erectus attempted to improve his way of life (5 marks)

Name the Empire that was ruled by Samori Toure during the European invasion of Africa

Factors which influenced Lewanika of the Balozi to collaborate with the British

Ways in which Macadamised roads are an improvement to road transport

Methods the European powers use to acquire colonies in Africa

History Paper 2 1996 Questions and Answers

1. Identify two sources of information which historians use to write the History of Africa (2 mks)

KCSE HISTORY & GOVERNMENT PAPER 1 1996

1. Give two functions of the council of elders among the Akamba during the pre-colonial period.

Functions of the Federal Government of the United States of America. (USA)

Role of the prime minister in Britain

Effects of the French policy of assimilation in Senegal

Factors which facilitated the application of the French policy of assimilation in the four communes in Senegal

​Explain six factors which promoted Christian missionary activities in Africa during the nineteenth century

Give reasons, for the establishment of independent churches in Kenya during the colonial period.

Effects of the Trans – Saharan trade of West African societies

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HISTORY & GOVernment

Identify one limitation of using barter as a method of trade

How Homo Erectus attempted to improve his life

Explain six factors which promoted Christian missionary activities in Africa during the nineteenth century