​13.  Identify two national philosophies which have been used in Kenya since the attainment of independence. (2 mks)

2002

17. Identify two national philosophies used as development strategies in Kenya (2 mks)

2003

14. State one contribution of the ‘Harambee’ movement to the development of health services in Kenya. (1 mk)

2006

15. Identify one national philosophy adopted at independence to promote social justice in Kenya            (1mk)

2008

21. (a) State five reasons why the government of Kenya adopted the Sessional  Paper No. 10 of 1965.                                                                                    (5 mks)

(b) Explain the social effects of the national philosophies on development in Kenya.       (10 mks)

2009

17. Identify two characteristics of African Socialism that promote national development in Kenya              ( 2mks)

2013

14        State two ways in which the Harambee spirit promotes national unity in Kenya. (2 marks)

​2006

17. Give one example of indirect taxes in Kenya                                                                (1 mk)

2007

16. State one type of government expenditure in Kenya.                                             (1 mk)

2008

17. Give one reason why the government of Kenya prepares a national budget. (1 mk)

​In August, 1914 the United States declared its neutrality in the war then engulfing Europe. President Woodrow Wilson, reflecting the views of much of the nation, announced that his country would be “impartial in thought as well as in action”. 
​
The American entry into World War I came in April 1917, after more than two and a half years of efforts by President Woodrow Wilson to keep the United States out of the war.

​The primary events that led to the United States declaration of war against Germany were the Zimmerman Telegram and Germany's announced intention to resume unrestricted submarine warfare.

​On February 25, 1917, President Wilson received an intercepted German telegram to the German Embassy in Mexico City that offered to Mexico the "lost territory" of Arizona, New Mexico, etc. (land lost by Mexico to the U.S. in the Mexican American War of 1848) if Mexico would declare war on the U.S. The British had intercepted the telegram, and delivered it to the U.S. in an obvious attempt to secure U.S. entry into the war on the Allied side. On March 17, 1917, Germany sank five U.S. merchant vessels, and President Wilson delivered a war message to Congress on April 2. War was declared on April 6, 1917.

Works Cited

• ENOTES. (2011). Why did the US enter World War I? Retrieved 2019, from eNOTES: view-source:https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-three-reasons-us-joining-world-war-1-251914
• Pope, C. (2018). 5 Reasons the United States Entered the First World War. Retrieved 2019, from https://www.historyhit.com/5-reasons-us-entered-ww1/
• WIKIPEDIA. (2019). American entry into World War I. Retrieved 2019, from WIKIPEDIA: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_entry_into_World_War_I​ 

• World Health Organization (WHO)
• United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)

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• Tobacco
• Cotton
• Corn/Maize
• Wheat

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The judicial structure in Kenya consists of a system of courts which are arranged hierarchically form the lowest to the highest level.

• The District Magistrates Court
  • This is the lowest court in Kenya which is charged with the responsibility pf trying civil and criminal cases within the district.
• The Kadhi Court
  • This is parallel to the District Magistrate’s court in hierarchy. It arbitrates civil cases in which all parties involved are Muslims.

• The resident magistrate’s court which has jurisdiction in both civil and criminal cases which originate form with in the province where the court is situated. It also has jurisdiction in respect to magistrates in respect to decisions made at District Magistrate’s court level.
• The chief magistrate’s court which has powers over all the resident Magistrate’s and District Magistrate’s courts. It supervises and oversees the work of the other courts in the country.
• The High court of Kenya
  • This has unlimited jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases stemming from any party of Kenya.
• The court of appeal is the highest court in the country it listens to appeals from any court in Kenya
• Other courts
  • Industrial courts- Rent
  • Rent tribunal 

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• Courts System in Kenya
• ​COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION
• ​The Formation, Structure and Functions of the Government of Kenya
• ​FORMATION, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA

• The Attorney general is the Chief Legal adviser to the government
• Chief state prosecution
• Interprets the laws of Kenya

• Drafts government bills
• Services as ex-officio member of parliament

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• FORMATION, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
• THE JUDICIARY.
• ​LEGISLATURE.
• ​Courts System in Kenya

​

• The PCs act as representatives of the president in their areas of jurisdiction. 
• The PC’s interpret government polices in their areas or jurisdiction.
• The PC’s oversee the implementation of the government policies and programmes in their provinces.
• The PC’s ensure that law and order is maintained in the provinces

• They issue permits for the holding of public meetings in their respective provinces.
• The provincial commissioners serve as chairpersons in the provincial security and intelligence committees.
• They are charged with responsibility of maintaining security to the area.
• They co-ordinate development programmes and services chairperson of the provincial development committees.
• They are in overall control of all government departments in their respective provinces.

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• ​State any five ways in which Christians in Kenya show respect to the Government.
• ​FORMATION, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA
• ​Chapter 15: Democracy and Human Rights
• ​COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION

• The introduction of Multi-arty democracy has led to the introduction of multiparty democracy.
• Kenyans have been provided with the opportunity to join parties of their own choice.
• It has promoted accountability and transparency on the part of the government
• It has enhanced the implementation of economic reforms in the country (SAP)

• It has given the mass media people greater freedom to comment on what it happening in the country.
• It has created more political awareness and patriotism among the people.
• It has enhanced interaction among Kenyans of different ethnic backgrounds as various political parties compete for support.
• Has enhanced the application of rule of law in the country. 

• Amendment/Reating of section 2 a in the Kenyan constitution to allow the formation of other parties in Kenya.
• External pressure from the international community
• Internal agitation for multipart

• End of the cold war/the collapse of the USSR made it possible for the USA to exert pressure on Kenya and other African countries)
• Economic hardships within the country.

• Export tax
• Import tax / custom duty
• Excise duty 
• Sales tax

• Income tax
• Value Added Tax (VAT)
• Payer/ Pay as you earn.

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