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A firm intends to purchase new software. List three items that should accompany the software26/12/2020 (a) A firm intends to purchase new software. List three items that should accompany the software (3mks)
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(a) What are computer viruses?
A computer program designed specifically to damage other programs or cause irregular behaviour.
(b)
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Quick Response
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Detailed Response
List of file organization methods in a computer
File organization refers to the way data is stored in a file. File organization is very important because it determines the method of access, efficiency, flexibility and storage devices to be used. There are four methods of organizing files on a storage media namely: Sequential, random, serial and indexed- sequential
Explain any three of the terms: Creating, editing, printing and saving as used in word- processing.
26/12/2020
Explain any three of the terms: Creating, editing, printing and saving as used in word- processing.
Creating
Creating means starting a new document
Creating a word document
Differences between system software and application software
System Software
Unix OS is an example of system software
System software refers to a set of instructions/codes/programs/applications designed to control hardware resources of a computer, performance, communications and manufacturer’s settings.
They also act as an interface between the user of application software and hardware resources. Examples include:
They also act as an interface between the user of application software and hardware resources. Examples include:
- firmware,
- utility software,
- networking software and
- operating systems.
In the following flowchart, what will be the value of the sum when printed?
Show how you arrive at your answer.
Show how you arrive at your answer.
Expected response
State what is meant by each of the following and give an example of where each is used
- Magnetic Ink character Recognition (MICR) (2 mks)
- Optical Mark Read (OMR) (2mks)
Magnetic Ink character Recognition (MICR)
Magnetic Ink character Recognition (MICR)
Scanner
Magnetic Ink character Recognition (MICR)
Definition
MICR is a magnetic character recognition technology used mainly by the banking industry to streamline the processing and clearance of cheques and other documents. MICR scanner is used to detect special marks on a piece of papers and interpret it using a special piece of software. MICR are mainly used in banks to eliminate fraud.
Technology
Each check is printed with a series of characters on the bottom of the document.
These characters are printed with a special type of ink that has additional magnetic resonance characteristics allowing it to absorb and emit a magnetic signal. As the check enters the scan path, the magnetic ink passes over a magnet in the scanner to “charge” the ink before it passes over the MICR read head.
The MICR read head is a device built into the scanner designed to read the magnetic signal emitted by the MICR ink characters on the check.
Each character produces a unique waveform which is read and translated by the MICR read head.
Challenges to accurately reading the MICR characters include the speed at which the characters pass by the MICR read head, the consistency of the ink on the document, the quality of the ink on the document, the MICR algorithm used to interpret the signals, and the quality of the MICR read head.
Uses
They are used in banks in processing and clearance of cheques and other documents such as invoices, rebate coupons, financial forms etc.
Checking all the spelling and grammar in a file at the same time is useful when you want to proof your text. You can check for possible mistakes and then confirm each correction.
Step 1: Start spelling and grammar tool
Start the spell checker e.g.press f7 or click on the spelling and grammar tool
Review >> Spelling and grammar - this will trigger a dialog box
Differentiate between primary memory and secondary memory
Primary memory holds data and instructions currently in use. Also stores immediate results from processing waiting transfer to the output devices.
Primary memory is volatile, i.e. contents held are lost on power loss.
Primary memory is volatile, i.e. contents held are lost on power loss.
Random Access Memory
Secondary memory or backing storage refers to the storage of programs and data files, not currently being operated on.
Secondary memory is non-volatile or permanent, i.e. Contents held are not lost on power loss.
Secondary memory is non-volatile or permanent, i.e. Contents held are not lost on power loss.
Clear differences between primary memory and secondary memory
Primary Memory |
Secondary Memory |
|
1. Capacity |
Low storage capacity |
High storage capacity |
2. Storage mechanism |
Volatile (loses content when power is switched off) |
Non-Volatile (does not lose content when power is switched off) |
3. Speed of storage/access/retrieval of information |
Fast |
Slow |
4. Storage terms |
Store data temporary unless it is a special type of ROM |
Store data permanently |
5. Examples |
RAM and ROM |
Optical Disks such as DVDs, Magnetic Disks such as HardDisk, Solid state disks such as Flash disk and Memory stick |
6. Uses |
Handles data currently needed by the computer |
Stores data that is needed for future reference or data being transfered from one machine to another. |
State two methods of minimizing dust in a computer laboratory
- Regular cleaning and mopping
- Computer laboratory should be built while doors facing away from wind direction.
- Ensure proper ventilation in the computer laboratory
- Dry cleaning methods should be observed.
- Air blowing
- Use a carpeted/tiled floor (gathers dust slowly and does not raise dust)
- Users to remove muddy shoes or clean them to ensures that no dust is carried to the room.
Students learning in the Computer Laboratory
Steps in program development cycle in their logical sequence
Name six steps in program development cycle in their logical sequence. (3mks)
- Problem definition
- Feasibility study/ Requirement Analysis
- System design
- Programming / Program coding
- Testing and debugging
- System implementation
- Operation and maintenance
Program development life cycle
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