Computer studies analysis of questions and answers

A company has decided to computerize their operations. They have decided to purchase packages instead of developing their own programs. Give three advantages and two disadvantages of this approach.

31/12/2020

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(a) A company has decided to computerize their operations. They have decided to purchase packages instead of developing their own programs. Give three advantages and two disadvantages of this approach.

Advantages

Saves on programming effort and exposure on the part of the user (client)
The user gets a well- tried and tested program
Relatively quick implementation results from use of package

Disadvantages

Purchaser does not have full control over the packages as would have been if it was developed in house
Package is produced to meet general needs & may not be ideal for a particular customer

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Give three examples of network software

31/12/2020

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(a) Give three examples of network software

Server software
Client software
Network operating system like Linux, UNIX, Win 2000, and Win NT

fibre optic cable

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A computer specification has the following details

31/12/2020

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A computer specification has the following details:

Pentium II
1.44 MB floppy disk drive
20 GB hard disk
Full multimedia
17” SVGA monitor
Pre installed operating system
Pre- installed office suite

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Study the flowchart below and answer the questions that follow

31/12/2020

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Study the flowchart below and answer the questions that follow

(a) Write a high level language program for the above flowchart (7mks)

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Name two features of database package

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Name two features of database package

Create, insert, update and delete facility
Query facility
Sorting facility
Authorization facility
Recovery control feature/ system
View mechanism

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Name two methods of paper orientation

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(a) Name two methods of paper orientation (1mk)

Portrait
Landscape

(b) Name two keys used to delete text in a document (1mk)

Del
Backspace

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Distinguish between copying and moving text

31/12/2020

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Distinguish between copying and moving text

Copy
This function makes a copy of the selected text and places the copy in a new location leaving the original text in its original location
The cut function
(move) physically removes selected text from its original location & places it in a new location.

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What are the DOS commands used for the following?

31/12/2020

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What are the DOS commands used for the following?
(a) Changing directories – CD\
(b) Viewing directories – DIR
(c) Renaming directories – REN or RENAME
(d) Deleting a directory- RD\

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Give two reasons why optical disks are better storage media compared to floppy diskettes

31/12/2020

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Give two reasons why optical disks are better storage media compared to floppy diskettes (2mks)

Enormous storage capacity compared to floppy diskettes
Faster access time and data transfer rates as compared to floppy diskettes
Data Recorded on optical disks is not damaged by stray magnetic fields and surface problems like fingerprints, dusts etc.

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What is an expert system

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(a) What is an expert system (1mk)

A software consisting of knowledge and rules for using it gathered from human experts in a particular occupation e.g. medicine. An expert system has the capability to store the collection of knowledge & manipulate it in response to user inquiries

(b) State any two components of an expert system (2mks)

Natural language interface
A knowledge database (Where facts are stored)
An inference machine (software that solves problems and makes logical interference)
An explanation module (which explain its conclusion to the users)

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Study the flowchart segment below and state the last value printed from the flowchart

31/12/2020

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Study the flowchart segment below and state the last value printed from the flowchart. (2mks)

K	M	M[K]
1	10	10
2	10	20
3	10	30
4	10	40 EXIT

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List three differences between Wide Area Networks (WAN) and Local Area Networks (LAN)

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List three differences between Wide Area Networks (WAN) and Local Area Networks (LAN) (3mks)

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Distinguish between labels and formulae with respect to spreadsheet

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(a) Distinguish between labels and formulae with respect to spreadsheet (2mks)

Label
a non- numeric piece of data entered into an electronic spreadsheet cell. Labels are not used for computations. Any cell entry, which begins with a letter or on apostrophe, is a level.
Formulae
Mathematical computations which join other cells’ values with mathematical operators such as +, -, * or /

(b) Consider the entries in the cells below

(c) State the values displayed in cell C14 (2mks)

Error (#value) NB: the = sign is missing in cells C10 and C11

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State any two features of a user- friendly program

31/12/2020

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State any two features of a user- friendly program

Relatively easy for user to start using the software
Amount of effort & information required of the user to get the system to complete required tasks should be kept minimum
Systems should be self- contained so that the user is not forced into accessing manuals or dealing with things be kept out of the system
System should be able to adjust to different levels of expertise between users, and as users grows in competence.
User should be made to feel in control of what is going on

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Briefly explain the purpose of the following types of program documentation

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Briefly explain the purpose of the following types of program documentation

(a) User manual

Manuals provided for an end user to enable him/ her learn how to use the software.
Provides examples to take the user through the stages of various tasks

(b) Reference guide

Provides detailed information to a user who already knows how to use the software but wants to know a particular point or more information about a particular feature in detail.

(c) Quick reference guide

A single sheet or card, small enough to fit a pocket, which the user may keep handy for help with common tasks carried out with the software.

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Distinguish between machine and assembly language

31/12/2020

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(a) Distinguish between machine and assembly language (2mks)

Machine language or 1st generation language
data and instruction are represented as binary digits; is machine dependent.
Assembly Language or 2nd generation language or low level language
data & instruction are represented using English like symbolic abbreviations to represent machine language instructions; machine dependent.

(b) State the type of translator necessary for a program written in:

High level language
1. Compiler
2. Interpreter
Assemble language
1. Assembler

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Explain the term nibbles as used in data representation in computers

31/12/2020

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(a) Explain the term nibbles as used in data representation in computers

A nibble refers to a half a byte or 4 bits ( A byte is equivalent to 8 bits)

(b) Perform the following binary arithmetic giving the answers in decimal notation.

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Threats to the safety of computer systems take many forms such as: White- collar crime, natural, disasters, vandalism and carelessness.

31/12/2020

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Threats to the safety of computer systems take many forms such as: White- collar crime, natural, disasters, vandalism and carelessness.

Give one way as to how each of these forms of threats can be controlled

White Collar Crime
Enforce personnel security e.g.
- No one person should be wholly responsible as system administer
- Introduce computer audit trails
- No one person should be in one department for a long time. Purge employees
Natural Disasters
- Floods, computers rooms should not be installed in basements
- Lightening, Use UPS, surge protectors and the like (have backups that are well kept safely away from the computers site, have a contingency plan).
Vandalism
- Enforce personnel security e.g. restrict building access
- Secure computer systems to desks, reinforce doors, windows
- Introduce alarm system, CCTV systems
Carelessness
- Avoid food, drinks into the lab
- Have backups incase of unintended delete operations
- Have undelete utilities

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Computer systems are built from three types of physical components: processors, memories and I/O Devices.

31/12/2020

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(a) State two tasks of a processor (2mks)

To control the use of main memory to store data & instructions
To control sequence of operations
To give instructions to all parts of the computer system
To carry out processing

(b) State the functions of I/O devices

Input
Used to enter data into the computer in a form the computer can store & process e.g. keyboard, mouse.
Output
Used to display the results of processing e.g. printer, monitor

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​(a) A company has decided to computerize their operations. They have decided to purchase packages instead of developing their own programs. Give three advantages and two disadvantages of this approach.

​(a) Give three examples of network software

​A computer specification has the following details:

​(a) Write a high level language program for the above flowchart (7mks)

​Name two features of database package

​(a) Name two methods of paper orientation (1mk)

​(b) Name two keys used to delete text in a document (1mk)

​Distinguish between copying and moving text

​Give two reasons why optical disks are better storage media compared to floppy diskettes (2mks)

​(a) What is an expert system (1mk)

​(b) State any two components of an expert system (2mks)

K

M

M[K]

1

2

3

4

(a) Distinguish between labels and formulae with respect to spreadsheet (2mks)

​(b) Consider the entries in the cells below

​(c) ​State the values displayed in cell C14 (2mks)

​State any two features of a user- friendly program

​Briefly explain the purpose of the following types of program documentation

​(a) Distinguish between machine and assembly language (2mks)

​​(b) State the type of translator necessary for a program written in:

​(a) Explain the term nibbles as used in data representation in computers

​(b) Perform the following binary arithmetic giving the answers in decimal notation.

Threats to the safety of computer systems take many forms such as: White- collar crime, natural, disasters, vandalism and carelessness.

​Give one way as to how each of these forms of threats can be controlled

​(a) State two tasks of a processor (2mks)

​(b) State the functions of I/O devices

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(a) A company has decided to computerize their operations. They have decided to purchase packages instead of developing their own programs. Give three advantages and two disadvantages of this approach.

(a) Give three examples of network software

A computer specification has the following details:

(a) Write a high level language program for the above flowchart (7mks)

Name two features of database package

(a) Name two methods of paper orientation (1mk)

(b) Name two keys used to delete text in a document (1mk)

Distinguish between copying and moving text

Give two reasons why optical disks are better storage media compared to floppy diskettes (2mks)

(a) What is an expert system (1mk)

(b) State any two components of an expert system (2mks)

(b) Consider the entries in the cells below

(c) State the values displayed in cell C14 (2mks)

State any two features of a user- friendly program

Briefly explain the purpose of the following types of program documentation

(a) Distinguish between machine and assembly language (2mks)

(b) State the type of translator necessary for a program written in:

(a) Explain the term nibbles as used in data representation in computers

(b) Perform the following binary arithmetic giving the answers in decimal notation.

Give one way as to how each of these forms of threats can be controlled

(a) State two tasks of a processor (2mks)

(b) State the functions of I/O devices