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Describe three functions performed by the processor

12/2/2023

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​Describe three functions performed by the processor 

  • Control Unit
    Coordinates all processing activities in the processor as well as input, storage and  output operations
  • Arithmetic Logic Unit
    Is unit of a processor where all arithmetic and logical operations are carried
  • Main Memory (primary storage)
    ​Is the type of memory that is directly accessible by the processor (Award Imk for each correct answer)

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​Describe the term portability as used in the following context.

30/4/2022

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​​Describe the term portability as used in the following context.

Hardware 
  • In hardware portability is the ease of carrying a hardware component or computer from one place to another with ease 
Software 
  • In software portability is the ease of copying or installing a program from one computer to another 

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Peter used a compact disk recordable to save his work. ½ of the disk was used to store video files while ¼ of the remainder was to save audio file. Note that CD-recordable is 700MB. Calculate the remaining space in bytes.

30/4/2022

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​PETER USED A COMPACT DISK RECORDABLE TO SAVE HIS WORK. ½ OF THE DISK WAS USED TO STORE VIDEO FILES WHILE ¼ OF THE REMAINDER WAS TO SAVE AUDIO FILE. NOTE THAT CD-RECORDABLE IS 700MB. CALCULATE THE REMAINING SPACE IN BYTES.

Video =0.5 x 700= 350 …………………… ½ mark
Audio = 0.125 x 700=87.5 ………………… ½ mark
Total = 437.7 ……………………             1mark
Remaining spaces (700-437.5) = 262.5MB ………… 1mark

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STATE TWO TYPES OF COMPUTER OUTPUT DEVICES

24/1/2022

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  • LEVEL: FORM 1
  • TOPIC: COMPUTER SYSTEMS
  • ​SUB-TOPIC: OUTPUT DEVICES


EXPECTED RESPONSE

  1. HARDCOPY OUTPUT DEVICES such as

    1. printer
    2. plotter
    3. com
  2. SOFTCOPY OUTPUT DEVICES such as

    1. monitor
    2. speakers
    3. light emitting diode
    4. projector

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List three uses of DVDs

13/11/2021

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List three uses of DVDs. (3mks)

  1. entertainment – e.g. music, movie
  2. distribution  of software
  3. archival storage

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Define portability as used in software selection

13/11/2021

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Define portability as used in software selection. (1mk)

​Portability refers to whether a program can be copied or installed in more than one computer

​List four ways of acquiring software in an organization. (2mks)

  1. in-house developed programs
  2. venue at the-shelf software purchase through a vendor
  3. open source



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​Differentiate between a line printer and a page printer as used in computers

3/3/2021

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​Differentiate between a line printer and a page printer as used in computers. (2 marks)

​A line printer is an impact printer that prints one entire line of text at a time
while a page printer is a non impact printer that prints a Whole page at a timer
​Differentiate between a line printer and a page printer as used in computers

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Explain two problems associated with the computer hard disk.

15/1/2021

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Explain two problems associated with the computer hard disk.

Problems of computer hard disk
  1.  Excessive shock like dropping it on the hard surface may cause the platters to dislocate hence reading may be a problem
  2.  Contact with strong magnetic fields or static electricity may affect the device since data is saved magnetically.
  3.  If the case containing the platters is opened, dust may get into it causing disk crash,
  4. Some viruses may create virtual tasks which will eventual cause the disk to be overwork hence causing it to crash
  5.  Sporadic power failure may cause the disk to crash.
Explain two problems associated with the computer hard disk.

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Describe each of the following computer cables: Parallel cable and Serial cable;

14/1/2021

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Describe each of the following computer cables: Parallel cable and Serial cable;

Description of computer cables
a) Parallel cable
  • It is a communication cable which has high speed of transmission and transmits several bits at the same time.
b) Serial cable
  • It is a communication cable which has low speed of transmission and bits follow one another in sequence or are transmitted one at a time.
Describe each of the following computer cables: Parallel cable and Serial cable;

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The management of an organisation intends to purchase a printer. State three factors that they should consider during the purchase

14/1/2021

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The management of an organisation intends to purchase a printer. State three factors that they should consider during the purchase

Factors to consider when purchasing a printer
  1.  Volume of work to be printed.
  2.  Maintenance cost below e.g. consumables like toners should be affordable.
  3.  Speed of printing.
  4.  Type of work to be printed; type of paper, paper size/user needs /range of capability.
  5.  Type of printout whether colour is required or not.
  6.  Compatibility with the existing hardware
  7.  Initial cost
  8.  availability of in the market
  9.  Portability / physical size
The management of an organisation intends to purchase a printer. State three factors that they should consider during the purchase

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State the meaning of the term computer software.

14/1/2021

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State the meaning of the term computer software.

Computer software
  •  It is a set of programs written in a computer language to direct a computer on how to perform a particular task or behave in a certain way.
State the meaning of the term computer software.

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Explain three ways in which an operating system provides data security in a computer system

14/1/2021

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Explain three ways in which an operating system provides data security in a computer system

Access control:
  •  Deals with the problem of verifying /authenticating the identity of a user before permitting access to the request resource (e.g. use of passwords, user account);
Encryption
  •  Transforming data into an unreadable format so that they are safely transmitted;
Firewalls
  •  Filters out unwanted data and programs/criminals/hackers/malicoius persons;
Log files
  •  A means by which transactions in a computer system can be recorded thereby detering potential infiltrators;
  • Alerts
  •  Alerting a user when he/she is about to delete a file/folder.
(b)State two instances where observation is not a viable method of gathering data during system analysis stage. 
  •  When the analyst wants to collect confidential information,
  •  When there is a large group of people involved in the system,
  •  Where the people you want to gather information from are vastly dispersed
(c) (i) State the role of each of the following data communication devices:
I. repeater 
  •  A device used to re-construct data signal during data transmission to its original strength/amplify/boost/regenerate.
II. router. 
  •  It is a device used to facilitate movement of data or packets between two or more LANS of different configuration (expansion of networks).
  •  Delivers a packet/data directly to destination computers.
  •  Interconnects different networks/provides network services.
(ii) The figure below shows a network based on the bus topology.
(b)State two instances where observation is not a viable method of gathering data during system analysis stage. When the analyst wants to collect confidential information, When there is a large group of people involved in the system, Where the people you want to gather information from are vastly dispersed (c) (i) State the role of each of the following data communication devices: I. repeater A device used to re-construct data signal during data transmission to its original strength/amplify/boost/regenerate. II. router. It is a device used to facilitate movement of data or packets between two or more LANS of different configuration (expansion of networks). Delivers a packet/data directly to destination computers. Interconnects different networks/provides network services. (ii) The figure below shows a network based on the bus topology.
I. Identify the component labelled P.
  •  The component P is the terminator.
II. State the function of the component labelled P.
  •  Terminator in a backbone is used to prevent data signal from bouncing back/absorb signals.

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Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a computer system and its peripheral devices. Use it and answer the questions that follow.

14/1/2021

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Explain two health issues that could arise from the use of unsuitable computer desk.

No.19.(a) Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a computer system and its peripheral devices. Use it and answer the questions that follow. (i)Name two devices that may be used for storing data for a long duration. 2GB HDD 32 MB Rom (ii) Name three peripheral devices that are used for input. Mouse Scanner CD drive (iii)Name two other devices that a Computer Aided Design (CAD) user might wish to add to the set up above in order to perform his tasks effectively. Digitizer Keyboard USB port 19 (b) A customer wishes to purchase a computer system. The customer can buy word processor, spreadsheet, database, and a drawing package separately or as an integrated package. State three reasons why the customer would prefer an integrated package to separate packages The software provides easy movement of data among the separate applications, A common group of commands is used for all the applications in the software package, Provides easy switching between functions without having to go back to the operating system and ability to share data between functions.
(i)Name two devices that may be used for storing data for a long duration.
  •  2GB HDD
  •  32 MB Rom
(ii) Name three peripheral devices that are used for input.
  •  Mouse
  •  Scanner
  •  CD drive
(iii)Name two other devices that a Computer Aided Design (CAD) user might wish to add to the set up above in order to perform his tasks effectively. 
  •  Digitizer
  •  Keyboard
  •  USB port
(b) A customer wishes to purchase a computer system. The customer can buy word processor, spreadsheet, database, and a drawing package separately or as an integrated package. State three reasons why the customer would prefer an integrated package to separate packages
  •  The software provides easy movement of data among the separate applications,
  •  A common group of commands is used for all the applications in the software package,
  •  Provides easy switching between functions without having to go back to the operating system and ability to share data between functions.

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State the functions of each of the following keys on the computer keyboard:

12/1/2021

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State the functions of each of the following keys on the computer keyboard:

(a) backspace;
  •  moves the display cursor one position backwards, deletes the character at that position, and shifts back the text after that position by one position
(b)insert (ins)
  •  When insert is selected, keys add characters to the screen at the cursor (insertion point) without deleting those already there. When typeover is selected the new characters type over the old, deleting them as they go
State the functions of each of the following keys on the computer keyboard:

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Identify the appropriate computer output device suitable for each of the following tasks:

10/1/2021

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State the meaning of the term disk defragmentation as used in computers.

(a) generating receipts where carbon copies are required; 
(b)an architectural drawing where precision is required; 
(c) producing document output for a visually impaired person.
​(a)Carbon copies - impact printers e.g. dot matrix.
(b)Architectural design - plotter
(c)Visual impairment - speakers/brailles
Identify the appropriate computer output device suitable for each of the following tasks:

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List two techniques of acquiring electronic images to be used in a desktop publishing program.

10/1/2021

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List two techniques of acquiring electronic images to be used in a desktop publishing program.

​(ii) Describe two layout guides in a desktop publishing program (DTP) that assist a user to place an object in a preferred position. 
(b) Explain three ways of ensuring that data submitted for processing is accurate.
(c)An engineering company requires a computer system to design roads and bridges.
Explain one suitable choice for:
(i) output device; 
(ii) software. ​
RESPONSES
(a) (i) Ways of acquiring images in DTP:
  •  Scanning;
  •  Picture capture via camera;
  •  downloading;
  •  getting from secondary storage.
(ii) Layout guides
  •  Ruler guides: a ruler on the edges of the page that guides a user to position objects and resize them;
  •  Margin guides: used to define page margins so that the user will be prevented from placing objects in non-printable areas of the page;
  • Column guides: Vertical lines used to divide a page into two or more columns;
  •  Row guides: Lines used to divide a publication page into two or more section to help structure the layout;
  •  Snap points: Positions on the screen where the object is stuck on.
(b) Ways of ensuring accuracy of data during data processing
  •  Data is stored in secondary storage in such a way that access to it is controlled.
  •  Encrypting of data before it is transmitted to minimize chances of it being compromised during transmission.
  •  Use of validation methods to ensure that data is correct at the point of input.
  • Use of direct data capture methods which eliminates human errors.
  •  Use of verification methods.
(c) (i) Output device: A plotter because it prints large size drawings to high precision.
(ii) A CAD software because it facilitates in the design of engineering drawings.
​(ii) Describe two layout guides in a desktop publishing program (DTP) that assist a user to place an object in a preferred position. (b) Explain three ways of ensuring that data submitted for processing is accurate. (c)An engineering company requires a computer system to design roads and bridges. Explain one suitable choice for: (i) output device; (ii) software. ​

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State three circumstances under which voice input would be preferred over other methods of data capture.

8/1/2021

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State three circumstances under which voice input would be preferred over other methods of data capture.

Circumstance for voice input
  •  When the hands of the user are engaged;
  •  When the user has physical disabilities;
  •  When faster input is required;
  •  When the user is not good in keying skills.
State three circumstances under which voice input would be preferred over other methods of data capture.

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List four factors to be considered when acquiring a printer.

8/1/2021

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List four factors to be considered when acquiring a printer.

Factors to consider when acquiring a printer
  •  Initial cost;
  •  Print quality (Number of pixels);
  •  Running cost;
  •  Speed of the printer;
  •  Whether coloured or black & white;
  • Paper size;
  •  Nature of work.
  •  Volume of work
  •  Technology involved eg. printing from storage media.
List four factors to be considered when acquiring a printer.

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State three benefits of using optical magnetic reader to register candidates for an examination.

8/1/2021

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State three benefits of using optical magnetic reader to register candidates for an examination.

 Benefits of using OMR
  •  Helps in minimizing human errors during data input/has high accuracy;
  •  It hastens capturing of candidates data /is faster;
  • Cheaper, since it reduces the need for human intervention;
  •  Can be used for bulk processing. 
State three benefits of using optical magnetic reader to register candidates for an examination.

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List four devices that use scanning technology that would be used to capture data directly from the source.

7/1/2021

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List four devices that use scanning technology that would be used to capture data directly from the source.

Direct input methods
  1.  OBR
  2.  MICR
  3. OCR;
  4. OMR:
  5.  Image scanner;
  6.  Magnetic strip technology;
  7.  Image recognition/ face recognition/finger print.
List four devices that use scanning technology that would be used to capture data directly from the source.

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Explain three features of a graphical user interface as used in computers.

7/1/2021

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​A) Explain three features of a graphical user interface as used in computers. (6 marks)

  • Windows — a rectangular area on the screen where the commonly use application run.
  •  Icons — A picture or symbol which is used to represent a software application or hardware device.
  •  Menus —a list of options from which the user can choose what that they require.
  •  Pointer - a symbol such as arrow which moves around the screen as the user move the mouse.

B) ​State the function of each of the following computer keyboard keys:

​(i) Caps Lock (1 mark)
(ii) Shift (1 mark)
(iii) Home (1 mark)
(i) Function of Caps lock
- It’s a toggle key when ON, the characters typed are in uppercase when OFF, the characters typed are in lower case. 
(ii) Shift key
- Used to enable uppercase letter to be printed when alphanumeric keys are pressed. 
- Used with other keys to modify behavior/function key.
(iii) Home key
- Used to take the cursor to the beginning of the line in a word processor. 
- Evidence of movement of the cursor.

C) Using two complement notation, determine the value of the operation 2510 — 2910 (6 marks)

C) Using two complement notation, determine the value of the operation 25 -- 29 (6 marks)

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​State four factors to consider when selecting an input device for use in a computer room.

7/1/2021

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​State four factors to consider when selecting an input device for use in a computer room. (4 marks)

1. user needs

  • this is the urgency of use of the device in the computer room by users also whether it will satisfy the needs of the user.

2. Initial cost

  • the amount it can cost when buying/purchasing the devices

3. Maintenance cost

  • the amount that can be used to maintain the servicing of these devises should be considered

4. Mode of transmission

  • how will you transport them to the computer room should be considered

5. Amount of space it occupies

  • the size of the room to be used in setting the computer room and the devices should be considered if it adequate

6. Compatibility with available hardware

  • will the devices fit to other devices in the room already

7. User- Friendliness

  • whether the devices will be used to solve problems and easy to be used by users
​State four factors to consider when selecting an input device for use in a computer room.

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Explain the term toggle key as used in computer keyboard.

7/1/2021

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​(a) Explain the term toggle key as used in computer keyboard. (2 marks)

  • These are keys that alternate the input mode. When pressed ON they are intended to perform a task, when OFF, they perform different task. 

(b) List examples of toggle keys on a computer keyboard. (2 marks)

  • Example of toggle keys:
  • Caps lock, Insert, Num Lock and Scroll lock.
Explain the term toggle key as used in computer keyboard.

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Explain two contents of a warranty that should be considered when purchasing computer hardware.

6/1/2021

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Explain two contents of a warranty that should be considered when purchasing computer hardware.

Two factors to consider when evaluating warranty
  1.  Period/ duration/scope of cover: The warranty should specify the duration of time covered.
  2.  Service agreement/level: The warranty should indicate the type of service to be provided.
  3.  Cost implication/liability agreement: Cost sharing between the dealer and the buyer in the event of any loss or malfunction.
  4.  Call out response.
Explain two contents of a warranty that should be considered when purchasing computer hardware.

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List the two categories of system software.

6/1/2021

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List the two categories of system software.

Categories of system software
  •  Firmware;
  •  Networking software;
  •  Operating system;
  •  Utilities.
List the two categories of system software.

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