Computer studies analysis of questions and answers

17/10/2019

EXAMPLES OF COMPUTER INPUT DEVICES

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EXAMPLES OF COMPUTER INPUT DEVICES

INTRODUCTION

Computer input devices are those devices that perform the following functions with a computer:

enter data into the computer;
convert data from human readable form to computer readable form also called binary language;
act as a communication link between the computer user and the computer. A platform the user utilizes to communicate with the computer

EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES

Examples of input devices

Without going further into categories, input devices are as follows:

keyboard;
mouse;
trackball;
joy stick
scanners;
digitizers;
digital camera
touch screen/pad
light pen
stylus
voice input/microphone
tablets;
remote controls;
gamepad;
whiteboard;
webcam
Punch card readers and;
disk drives

THE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF MEMORY DATA REGISTERS (MDR)

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THE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF MEMORY DATA REGISTERS (MDR)

INSTRUCTION REGISTER

Instruction Register Instructions register (IR) is used to store the instruction currently being executed or decoded.

ACCUMULATOR

Accumulator or An accumulator is a register for short -term . intermediate storage of arithmetic and logic data in a computer’s CPU (central processing unit).

THE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF MEMORY DATA REGISTERS (MDR)

STORAGE REGISTER

Storage Register Holds a piece of data that is on its way to and from the CPU and the main memory.

ADDRESS REGISTER

The Memory Address Register (MAR) is a CPU register that either stores the memory address from which data will be fetched to the CPU or the address to which data will be sent and stored.

differences between hardcopy and softcopy output devices

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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HARD COPY AND SOFT COPY OUTPUT DEVICES

Output from the computer can normally be in several forms. Give the difference between the following methods.
Soft copy and hard copy output

(2Marks)

#	SOFTCOPY	HARDCOPY
1	it is intangible	it is tangible
2	it is flexible in editing	cannot be easily edited
3	does not require stationery	requires stationery
4	they are cheap to produce	they are expensive to produce
5	easily transmissible	difficult to distribute
6	requires electrical signals to use	after printing does not require electrical signals
7	has no mass	has mass

GIVE TWO TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES USED IN A COMPUTER GIVING AN EXAMPLE OF EACH.

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previously << GIVE ANY THREE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES CONSIDERED TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF COMPUTERS IN A COMPUTER LABORATORY

GIVE TWO TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES USED IN A COMPUTER GIVING AN EXAMPLE OF EACH.

INTRODUCTION;

There are various categories under which storage devices can be classified;

The duration they store information;
Mobility and;
How they function.

GIVE TWO TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES USED IN A COMPUTER GIVING AN EXAMPLE OF EACH.

HARD DISK DRIVE

a) CLASSIFICATION OF STORAGE DEVICES BASED ON THE DURATION OF TIME THEY STORE INFORMATION.

Storage devices in this category can either be;

Secondary storage devices
Primary storage devices

1. secondary storage devices

These are devices that store data and information in long term/ permanently. When data is required for processing, it is retrieved from the device to the computer.
examples are;

hard disk
floppy disk
zip disk
flash disk
memory card
tapes
CD/DVD
super disk
Punch card
Mask and programmable Read Only Memory (Mask-ROM/PROM)

2. primary storage devices

These are storage devices that store data temporary especially when the computer is being used. They lose the data when the computer is switched off. These devices are important in processing because the CPU can easily access them as compared to secondary storage devices thus making processing tasks quicker, efficient and easy. Some of the the examples include;

The Cache Memory
Buffers
Random Access Memory
Registers
EPROM and EEPROM types of Read only Memory
Logical memory of the hard drive

b) classification of storage devices based on mobility.

Storage devices can also be categorized according to mobility. I.e.

Fixed storage devices and;
Portable storage devices

1. fixed storage devices

These are storage devices permanently fixed in one machine. This means that they are not unnecessarily unplugged from one machine and used in another because they are machine dependent. They include;

Hard disk drive
Read Only Memory
Random Access Memory
Registers
Cache memory
Buffer
HDD's Logical memory

2. portable storage devices

These are storage devices that can be carried from one place to another, one machine to another for use. These means that they are machine independent. They include;

portable hard disk drive
floppy disk
zip disk
flash disk (flash drive)
memory card (memory stick/ sd card)
tapes
CD/DVD
super disk
Punch card
Mask and programmable Read Only Memory (Mask-ROM/PROM)

c) classification of storage device on how they function.

Storage devices functions in different ways depending on the technology used to manufacture each one of them. They include;

Solid state storage device
Magnetic storage device
optical storage devices

1. solid state storage devices

Solid state drives also called SSD use semiconductor chips to store and retrieve data and information, these chips made from a very advanced technology called nanotechnology have transistors in them that keep information in patterns. In a semiconductor memory chip, each bit of binary data is stored in a tiny circuit called a memory cell consisting of one to several transistors.
Examples of SSDs

RAM
ROM
Cache
Registers
Buffers
flash disks
memory cards (memory stick)
smart card

2. optical storage devices

These are storage devices that utilize light technology such as laser to read, store and write data. They are very common especially for home entertainment. they include;

Compact Disk (CD)
Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) also called Digital Video Disk
RDX - removable disk storage are rugged data cartridges ranging from 160GB to 1TB capacity removable disk cartridges

3. magnetic storage devices

These are storage devices that utilize magnetic technology to store and read data in a computer, they use a thin plastic base material coated with iron oxide. This oxide is a ferromagnetic material, meaning that if you expose it to a magnetic field it is permanently magnetized by the field; they include;

Floppy Disk
Hard Disk Drive
Zip Disk
Magnetic Tapes
Cassettes
LS 120 Super Disk

More questions on;

storage devices
computer system

next >> Define the following terms; 1. File, 2. Record, 3. Field

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16/4/2019

State advantages and disadvantages of laser printers

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previously: LIST THREE TYPES OF SECONDARY STORAGE MEDIA

What is a laser printer?

This is an electrostatic technology powered printer that uses a laser beam of light to create characters on a piece of paper.

Laser Printer

How a laser printer works

Millions of bytes (characters) of data stream into the printer from your computer.
An electronic circuit in the printer (effectively, a small computer in its own right) figures out how to print this data so it looks correct on the page.
The electronic circuit activates the corona wire. This is a high-voltage wire that gives a static electric charge to anything nearby.
The corona wire charges up the photoreceptor drum so the drum gains a positive charge spread uniformly across its surface.
At the same time, the circuit activates the laser to make it draw the image of the page onto the drum. The laser beam doesn't actually move: it bounces off a moving mirror that scans it over the drum. Where the laser beam hits the drum, it erases the positive charge that was there and creates an area of negative charge instead. Gradually, an image of the entire page builds up on the drum: where the page should be white, there are areas with a positive charge; where the page should be black, there are areas of negative charge.
An ink roller touching the photoreceptor drum coats it with tiny particles of powdered ink (toner). The toner has been given a positive electrical charge, so it sticks to the parts of the photoreceptor drum that have a negative charge (remember that opposite electrical charges attract in the same way that opposite poles of a magnet attract). No ink is attracted to the parts of the drum that have a positive charge. An inked image of the page builds up on the drum.
A sheet of paper from a hopper on the other side of the printer feeds up toward the drum. As it moves along, the paper is given a strong positive electrical charge by another corona wire.
When the paper moves near the drum, its positive charge attracts the negatively charged toner particles away from the drum. The image is transferred from the drum onto the paper but, for the moment, the toner particles are just resting lightly on the paper's surface.
The inked paper passes through two hot rollers (the fuser unit). The heat and pressure from the rollers fuse the toner particles permanently into the fibers of the paper.
The printout emerges from the side of the copier. Thanks to the fuser unit, the paper is still warm. It's literally hot off the press!
Source: EXPLAINTHATSTUFF!

Advantages of laser printers

They produce neat and high quality work
They are fast in printing
They are cheap to maintain
They can print back-to-back pages (both sides of the page automatically and sequentially)
They can print a series multiple pages
Don't make noise while printing
Can print both graphic and text
Read More ...

Disadvantages of laser printers

They are expensive to acquire
They cannot produce multiple copies output
Their toner (ink gadget) is expensive to acquire
Additional Information ...

Next: Copying formula on a spreadsheet

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16/4/2019

list three types of secondary storage media

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PREVIOUSLY: DRAW A DIAGRAM SHOWING THE FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF A COMPUTER HARDWARE. NAME THE UNITS

wHAT ARE SECONDARY sTORAGE DEVICES?

Also called auxiliary storage devices or persistent storage media are computer hardware devices involved in the storage of data, permanently.
These devices can be categorized as:

Floppy disk

DRAW A DIAGRAM SHOWING THE FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF A COMPUTER HARDWARE. NAME THE UNITS

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previously: MATCHING COMPUTER GENERATIONS WITH THE TECHNOLOGY USED TO MANUFACTURE THEIR PROCESSORS

DRAW A DIAGRAM SHOWING THE FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF A COMPUTER HARDWARE. NAME THE UNITS

DIAGRAM SHOWING THE FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF A COMPUTER HARDWARE.

01. INPUT DECICES

These are devices that enter data into a computer and also covert data from human readable form to machine readable form.
Examples of these devices include:

Keyboard/Keypad
Mouse
Trackball
Scanner
Digitizer
Whiteboard
Digital camera
Joy stick

02. Central Processing unit

The CPU-Central Processing Unit is a device made from a collection of integrated circuits. Its main functions are:

Manipulate numeric and logic data (A.L.U - Arithmetic & Logic Unit)
Coordinate processing activities (Control Unit)
Provide temporary storage (Registers, buffers and caches)

03. Primary Storage

These are devices that provide temporary storage for task that are to and from processing. They include:

RAM - Random Access Memory
ROM - Read Only Memory
Logical Drives: These are hard disk partitions that behaves like a RAM once that memory in the RAM has been fully utilized.

04. Secondary Storage

These are devices that permanently store data in the computer or they are portable. They include:

Fixed Storage Devices
1. Magnetic
  1. The Hard Disk
Portable Storage Devices
1. Solid State Storage Devices
  1. Memory card
  2. Flash Disk
2. Magnetic storage devices
  1. Magnetic tapes
  2. Floppy disks
  3. Zip disks
  4. Magnetic tape
3. optical storage devices
  1. Compact disks (CD)
  2. Digital Versatile Disks (DVD)

Related Searches:

05. Output Devices

These are devices that display activities in the CPU to the user and converts information from machine readable form to human readable form. These devices include:

Hard Copy
1. Printer
2. Plotter
Soft Copy
1. Screen/Monitor/VDU
2. LED - Light Emitting Diode
3. Sound Output (such as speakers)

Next: LIST THREE TYPES OF SECONDARY STORAGE MEDIA

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3/4/2019

differences between printing multiple copies and printing multiple pages

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What it means by printing multiple copies

Printing multiple copies implies that two or more papers are printed at the same time by only one printer. This is only possible by the use of impact printers such as a dot-matrix and a daisy wheel printer because they have special hammers that produce characters on a piece of paper. And behind every paper, there is a coupon copy that produces characters on another paper.
This type of printing is majorly done where monetary transactions are carried out such as a bank.
For example; when paying school fees through a bank, the bank produces three copies of receipts (whitish, blueish and pinkish) in color. One copy for the bank, another for the school and the last one for your own records. To produce these receipts (vouchers/slips), the bank prints them in multiple copies using impact printers.

Dot Matrix Printer

What it means by printing multiple pages

Printing multiple pages is a situation where printers automatically make characters on a piece of paper (one paper at a time) but automatically pulls the next paper in a series once the current is over, this process repeats until the printing task is accomplished.
Printing multiple pages depends on the printing mechanism of the printer. There are those printers that can only print one side of the page at a time and others reverse the page to print on the other side. It is called back to back printing. Any type of printer can handle multiple page printing, however the desk-jet printer and laser-jet printers are preferred for this job because of their printing speed.

desk-jet printer

Images courtesy of Pinterest

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19/8/2018

Explain the difference between Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM).

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16/8/2018

EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND APPLICATION PROGRAMS - kcse computer studies analysis of questions

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To effectively establish the difference between system software and application programs, we should define the two.

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<<Previous

​EXAMPLES OF COMPUTER INPUT DEVICES

INTRODUCTION

EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES

Categories

THE TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF MEMORY DATA REGISTERS (MDR)

INSTRUCTION REGISTER

ACCUMULATOR

STORAGE REGISTER

ADDRESS REGISTER

Categories

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HARD COPY AND SOFT COPY OUTPUT DEVICES

Output from the computer can normally be in several forms. Give the difference between the following methods. Soft copy and hard copy output

Categories

GIVE TWO TYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES USED IN A COMPUTER GIVING AN EXAMPLE OF EACH.

INTRODUCTION;

a) CLASSIFICATION OF STORAGE DEVICES BASED ON THE DURATION OF TIME THEY STORE INFORMATION.

1. secondary storage devices

2. primary storage devices

b) classification of storage devices based on mobility.

1. fixed storage devices

2. portable storage devices

c) classification of storage device on how they function.

1. solid state storage devices

2. optical storage devices

3. magnetic storage devices

What is a laser printer?

How a laser printer works

​RELATED LINKS ..

Advantages of laser printers

Disadvantages of laser printers

wHAT ARE SECONDARY sTORAGE DEVICES?

Related links ..

01. INPUT DECICES

02. Central Processing unit

03. Primary Storage

04. Secondary Storage

05. Output Devices

What it means by printing multiple copies

What it means by printing multiple pages

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EXAMPLES OF COMPUTER INPUT DEVICES

Output from the computer can normally be in several forms. Give the difference between the following methods.
Soft copy and hard copy output

RELATED LINKS ..