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Explain three functions of an information system in an organisation.
(b) Explain two benefits that a company would gain from using batch processing method for data processing
(c) (i) Convert the number 11101.1 12 to its decimal equivalent.
(ii) Perform the following binary operation 110112 + 1012
RESPONSES
a) Functions of information system in an organization.
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Describe three arithmetic errors that may occur during computerised data processing.
(b) Arnold a programmer intends to create a user input interface screen for a system. State three factors that he should consider.
(c)With the aid of an example in each case describe the following types of maintenance. (i) adaptive; (ii) perfective; (iii) corrective.
RESPONSES
a) Arithmetic errors
Truncation error
(i) Adaptive
A water company sends out clerks to read meters. The data collected by the clerks is then fed into the computer and then all bills are printed at the same time.
(a)State two advantages of this approach;
List two techniques of acquiring electronic images to be used in a desktop publishing program.10/1/2021 List two techniques of acquiring electronic images to be used in a desktop publishing program.
(ii) Describe two layout guides in a desktop publishing program (DTP) that assist a user to place an object in a preferred position.
(b) Explain three ways of ensuring that data submitted for processing is accurate. (c)An engineering company requires a computer system to design roads and bridges. Explain one suitable choice for: (i) output device; (ii) software.
RESPONSES
(a) (i) Ways of acquiring images in DTP:
(ii) A CAD software because it facilitates in the design of engineering drawings. 
State three functions of networking operating systems other than providing network security.10/1/2021 State three functions of networking operating systems other than providing network security.
(b) Explain three ways in which an operating system provides data security in a computer system.
(c) Explain three circumstances under which observation method may be preferred during data collection.
(a) Functions of network operating systems
With the aid of a diagram. describe time sharing mode as used in computer data processing.
(b) A company’s management has opted to use computers to process data. State four factors that the management needs to consider when selecting the company data processing mode.
(c) Explain the purpose of each of the following in system documentation: (î) user manual; (ii) sample data: (iii) table descriptions.
RESPONSES
(a) Time-sharing mode
This is a processing mode in which a central processor serves two or more users with different requirements. The processor time is divided equally among the tasks in the queue. A user whose task requirements are more than is apportioned is send back to the queue. For example, four jobs requiring times t1, t2, t3 and t4 to complete is apportioned equal time in each round until when they are done. 
(b) Factors to consider when selecting data processing mode
​State the type of error that would occur in data processing for each of the following cases:7/1/2021 (a) Entering the number 315 instead of 351. (1 mark)
(b) Entering the text “Kwys” instead of “Keys”. (1 mark)
Describe three types of validation checks as used in data processing.
(b) A company has opted to store its employees’ personal details in a computer system.
Describe two software methods that may be used to prevent unauthorized access to these details. (c) (i) Describe each of the following data processing modes: I. real-time; II. interactive. (ii) State an application area where real-time data processing mode is applied.
RESPONSES
(a) Validation checks
What is an information system?
(a) (i) What is an information system?
(ii) State two roles of an information system. (b) Describe the following file organisation methods: (i) random file organisation; (ii) sequential file organisation. (c)The following records were extracted from two files that contained student data. 
(i) Which of the two files above represents a Transaction file?
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in c(i) above. (iii) Name the other type of file represented above. (d)An airline uses an information system whereby if a passenger at station A books a plane seat,this transaction is immediately shown at stations A and B such that no other passenger can book the same seat. (i) Identify this data processing mode. (ii) State two advantages and two disadvantages of this data processing mode. RESPONSES
(a)(i) Information system is an arrangement of people, data, processes, communication and IT that interact to support problem solving.
(ii) Improve day-to-day operation
(ii) Method of storing or retrieving information that requires the program to start reading at the beginning and continue until it finds the desired data. (c) (i) File B. (ii) Transaction file: It contains data which is regularly added. Has data/fee payment . (iii) Master File: It contains records that do not change regularly like in file A.
(d) (i) Real time processing.
(ii) Advantages
(a) Describe each of the following validation checks as used in data processing:(i) Preserve checkIt is a measure placed used to ensure that data item is in its original status. (ii) Data type checkIt is a measure that ensures that correct data type is entered for each field. (iii) Check digitThis is a number calculated by the computer to make sure that the other numbers in a sequence have been entered properly. 
State four computer based careers introduced as a result of computerized data process method at the airport. (2 marks)
Computer based careers created by introducing computerized data processing.
Distinguish between real-time operating system and distributed operating system. (3 marks)
 Explain three reasons why an organization may need to change to a new computerised system.
(b) State why each of the following is important in system documentation.
(i) Identify the types of computer files named above. (ii) Give a characteristic of data held in each file. (iii) Name the field that should be used to link the two files.
(a) Current system may be experiencing problems thereby being unable to meet organisation requirements.
New directives may be received from authorities and the organisation must comply. Changes in the operating environment forces the organisation to change in order to fit and continue in business. e.g. competition. Changes in technology requiring the upgrading or total change in the existing system. Peer pressure need to remain fashion (b) (i) Sample data should be provided so that all modules can be tested. (ii) Output reports show that the system actually works/testing process/expected output.. (c) (i) Manual: Manual files stored in cabinets/books/paper/in-tray/out-tray. (ii) Electronic: Secondary storage devices/individual storage devices e.g. Flash. (d) (i) Student: Master file/Parent/Reference File/Primary. Register: Transaction file/Child table/Secondary. (ii) Master file: Data is static/Permanent/Semi-permanent. Transaction file: Data is dynamic/Temporary/Changes frequently (iii) Key field: Student number/Admission No/Reg. No/File No. 
State two application areas of real time systems.
A water company sends out clerks to read water meters. The data collected by the clerks is then fed into the computer and then all the bills are printed at the same time.(a) State two advantages of this approach.
Advantages:
(b) Name this type of data processing.
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