(a) Report or documentation
 (b )Disk/master file/database

• Preliminary investigation/requirements specifications/feasibility 

•  Requirement analysis/fact finding/data gathering/information gathering and maintenance 

• Implementation stage and maintenance 

Activities at the planning stages

1. Identify opportunity for the new project.
2. Analyse feasibility to establish the viability of the project.
3. Develop a work plan.
4. Identify appropriate staff to work in the project.
5. Control and direct the project.

(a) indenting the technologies that may be used in a proposed system; (1 mark)
System analysis/information gathering/problem recognition 

(b) indenting shortcomings of a system; (1 mark)
 Problem definition 

(c) preparing the system migration plan. (I mark)
Implementation stage

(b) State why each of the following is important in system documentation.

• (i) sample data; 
• (ii) output reports. 

(c) Name the tools used for data storage in each of the following methods of data processing.

• (i) manual:
• (ii) electronic. 

(d)A teacher manages students’ records by storing daily attendance information in a tile called register and students’ personal records such as year of birth and home address in a file called students.
(i) Identify the types of computer files named above. 
(ii) Give a characteristic of data held in each file. 
(iii) Name the field that should be used to link the two files. 

(a) Current system may be experiencing problems thereby being unable to meet organisation requirements.
 New directives may be received from authorities and the organisation must comply.
 Changes in the operating environment forces the organisation to change in order to fit and continue in business. e.g. competition.
 Changes in technology requiring the upgrading or total change in the existing system.
 Peer pressure need to remain fashion
(b) (i) Sample data should be provided so that all modules can be tested.
(ii) Output reports show that the system actually works/testing process/expected output..
(c) (i) Manual: Manual files stored in cabinets/books/paper/in-tray/out-tray.
(ii) Electronic: Secondary storage devices/individual storage devices e.g. Flash.
(d) (i) Student: Master file/Parent/Reference File/Primary.
Register: Transaction file/Child table/Secondary.
(ii) Master file: Data is static/Permanent/Semi-permanent.
Transaction file: Data is dynamic/Temporary/Changes frequently
(iii) Key field: Student number/Admission No/Reg. No/File No.

(b) Give three reasons why system maintenance phase is necessary in SDLC.
(c) State two instances where observation is not a viable method of gathering information during system analysis stage. 
(d) Various considerations should be made during input design and output design.

State two considerations for each case. 

• Input design.
• Onput design.

(e) State two reasons why an organisation may use other strategies of software acquisition other than developing their own. 

RESPONSES

(a)(i) Activities (system implementation)

•  File conversion system change over.
•  Training, construction, installation.

(ii) System construction stage.

•  Coding
•  Module testing

(b)System maintenance stage is necessary

• Correct the errors that may have escaped during the design.
•  To meet the changes in technology.
•  Changes in government policy. ‘
•  Changes in operating environment e.g. the system evolving (e.g . when a, newer  version of software is released). 

(c)Observation not viable method of gathering information:

• Distance = when data is to be collected from a far place. if the people to be observed must be aware that they are being observed.
• When the situation is risky for the observer. 

(d)Input design:

• Data capture method.
• Input interface, between user and the system e.g. form.
• Volume of input.
• Frequency of input. 
• Output design
• Form of output designed e.g. hard/soft copy.
• Output layout.
• Purpose of output. 

(e)Other strategies other than system construction:

• Constrained by time.
• Constrained by cost
• Constrained by human resource.
• Legal requirements.

a) Embedded object: a separate object/image/graphic/clip imported into the file permanently 
b) Autoflow: Facility that allows text/cursor to flow automatically from one text box to the next when the first text is full.

• Improving system efficiency /system upgrading.
• Adapting the system to its environment/New  requirement.
• Correcting errors. 

1. Observations
2.  Interviews
3. Automatic data capture
4. Studying reports