Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage: Topics/Subtopics Outline

22/10/2020

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Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage

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Water supply
1. Sources of water
2. Collection and storage of water
3. Pumps and pumping
4. Conveyance of water
  Piping: - types of pipes
  Choice of pipes
  Canals
  Transportation in containers
5. Water treatment
  Meaning
  Methods
  Importance
6. Uses of water on the farm
Irrigation
1. Definition
  1. Importance (include irrigation as a method of land reclamation)
  2. Methods
    surface
    sub-surface
    overhead
    drip
    Note: Discuss advantages and disadvantages of each method
2. Maintenance practices of each irrigation system
Project on crop production through arty method of irrigation
Drainage
1. Definition
2. Importance (include as a method of land reclamation)
3. Methods of drainage
  Surface
  Sub-surface
  Pumping
  Planting of appropriate trees
Water Pollution
1. Meaning
2. Agricultural practices that pollute water
3. Methods of pollution prevention and control

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Biotic Factors

22/10/2020

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Biotic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

These are living organisms which affect agricultural production.

Pests - Destructive organisms which destroy crops.
Parasites - These are invertebrates which live in or on other living organisms.
Decomposers - Organisms which act on plants and animal tissues to form manure.
Pathogens - Micro-organisms which cause diseases.
Predators - Animals that kill and feed on other animals.
Pollinators - They transfer pollen grains from the stamens to the pistil of a flower.
Nitrogen fixing bacteria -They are micro-organisms which convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates ready for use by the plants.

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Climatic Factors (weather elements)

22/10/2020

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Climatic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

Rainfall,
Temperature,
Wind,
Relative humidity
Light.

Weather
Atmospheric conditions of a place at a given time period.
Climate
Weather conditions of a place observed and recorded for a period of 30-40 years.

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Edaphic Factors Influencing Agriculture

22/10/2020

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Edaphic Factors Influencing Agriculture

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These are soil factors.
Soil is the natural material that covers the surface of the earth,
Made of weathered rock particles and decomposed animal and plant tissues, and on which plants grow.

Importance of Soil

Provides anchorage to the plants by holding their roots firmly.
Provides plants with mineral salts/ nutrients which are necessary for their growth.
Provide the plants with water.
Contains oxygen necessary for respiration of the plants and soil micro-organisms.

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Introduction to Factors Influencing Agriculture: Human Factors

17/10/2020

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Humans as a Factor Influencing Agriculture

Agricultural production is influenced by external factors:

Human factors
Biotic factors
Climatic factors
Edaphic factors.

Humans as a Factor Influencing Agriculture

Human Factors

These are human characteristics which affect the way decisions are made and operations carried out. These characteristics include:

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Factors Influencing Agriculture: Sub-Topics

17/10/2020

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Sub topics of Factors Influencing Agriculture

Human factors

Levels of education and technology

Health - HIV/AIDS and health in general

Economy (include liberalization)

Transport and communication

Market forces (local and international)

Government policy

Cultural and religious beliefs

Biotic Factors

Sub topics of Factors Influencing Agriculture

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Factors Influencing Agriculture: Specific objectives

17/10/2020

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Specific Objectives to Factors Influencing Agriculture

Factors Influencing Agriculture (24 Lessons)

Specific Objectives

By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

explain the human factors influencing agriculture
explain biotic factors influencing agriculture
explain how climatic factors influence agriculture
define soil
describe the process of soil formation
describe soil profile
determine soil constituents
classify soils by physical characteristics
explain chemical properties of soils
relate crop and livestock distribution to soils in different regions.

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Introduction to Agriculture Questions and Answers on Topic

13/10/2020

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Introduction to Agriculture Questions and Answers on Topic

What is plantation farming system?

This is a system of farming in which one crop is grown in large scale

State the main characteristics of shifting cultivation

When fertility of the soil goes down crops are not grown again until fertility is restored.
Plenty of land is available to the farming community

Introduction to Agriculture Questions and Answers on Topic

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Importance of Agriculture to the Economy of Kenya

13/10/2020

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Importance of Agriculture to the Economy of Kenya

Provides food to the population to meet nutritional requirements and to enable man to engage in other activities of farming.
Provides employment. This for example can be direct as a labour in the farm, tea plucking or indirect for example, working in agricultural based industries.
Source of raw materials for industries for example cotton lint for textile industry.
Provides foreign exchange - through exporting agricultural produce.
Provides market for industrial goods agriculture is a consumer of the finished goods from agro-based industries.
Source of income - farmers as well as the government get revenue from the sale of agricultural produce and tax payment.

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Methods of Farming

13/10/2020

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Methods of Farming

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Featured Sub-Topics

Methods of Farming:

Mixed Farming

Nomadic-Pastoralism

Shifting Cultivation

Organic Farming

Agro-Forestry

A method of farming is an established way of carrying out farming activities.
The following are the common methods of farming:

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Farming Systems with their advantages and disadvantages

13/10/2020

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Farming Systems

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Introduction to Agriculture Notes (definition and branches)

13/10/2020

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Introduction to Agriculture Notes

Definition and Branches of Agriculture

Definition of Agriculture

Agriculture is the science and art of cultivation of crops and rearing of livestock.
As a science, it involves experimentation and application of scientific knowledge in such areas as;

Soil analysis,
Control of pests and diseases,
Farm machinery and structures,
Crop and livestock breeding.

As an art, it involves the use of learned skills in;

Tilling the land,
Construction,
Measurement,
Harvesting of crops,
Feeding and handling of livestock
Marketing.

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KCSE Notes: Topics and Sub-Topics on Introduction to Agriculture

13/10/2020

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Topics and Sub-Topics on Introduction to Agriculture

INTRODUCTION (8 LESSONS)

Definition of agriculture
Branches of agriculture
Crop-farming (Arable farming)
- Field crops
- Horticulture
  Floriculture (flower farming)
  Olericulture (vegetable farming)
  Pomoculture (fruit farming)

Topics and Sub-Topics on Introduction to Agriculture

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KCSE Notes: Specific objectives on Introduction to Agriculture

13/10/2020

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Specific objectives on Introduction to Agriculture

By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

Define agriculture
State the main branches of agriculture
Describe farming systems
Explain the role of agriculture in the economy and demonstrate an appreciation of its importance to the country
Demonstrate an appreciation for the wide and varied opportunities in agriculture.

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Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage

​Biotic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

Climatic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

​Edaphic Factors Influencing Agriculture

​Importance of Soil

Humans as a Factor Influencing Agriculture

​​Human Factors

Sub topics of Factors Influencing Agriculture

Human factors

Levels of education and technology

Health - HIV/AIDS and health in general

Economy (include liberalization)

Transport and communication

Market forces (local and international)

Government policy

Cultural and religious beliefs

Biotic Factors

Specific Objectives to Factors Influencing Agriculture

​Factors Influencing Agriculture (24 Lessons)

Specific Objectives

By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

Introduction to Agriculture Questions and Answers on Topic

​What is plantation farming system?

State the main characteristics of shifting cultivation

Importance of Agriculture to the Economy of Kenya

Methods of Farming

Methods of Farming:

Mixed Farming

Nomadic-Pastoralism

Shifting Cultivation

Organic Farming

Agro-Forestry

Farming Systems

Featured Topics

Introduction to Agriculture Notes

Definition and Branches of Agriculture

​Definition of Agriculture

Topics and Sub-Topics on Introduction to Agriculture

Specific objectives on Introduction to Agriculture

Categories

Archives

Quick Agriculture ​Revision Notes

Biotic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

Edaphic Factors Influencing Agriculture

Importance of Soil

Human Factors

Factors Influencing Agriculture (24 Lessons)

What is plantation farming system?

Definition of Agriculture

Quick Agriculture Revision Notes