KCSE BASED AGRICULTURE NOTES FORM 1, 2, 3 AND 4 IN PDF

10/5/2021

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FORM 1

agriculture_notes_form_1.pdf
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FORM 1 NOTES BROKEN DOWN IN TOPICS

topic_1_-_introduction_to_agriculture_[kcse_notes].pdf
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topic_2_-_factors_influencing_agriculture_[kcse_notes].pdf
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topic_3_-_farm_tools_and_equipment_[kcse_notes].pdf
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topic_4_-_crop_production_i__land_preparation__[kcse_notes].pdf
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topic_5_-_water_supply_irrigation_and_drainage_[kcse_notes].pdf
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topic_6_-_soil_fertility_i__organic_manures_.pdf
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FORM 3

agriculture_notes_form_3.pdf
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AGRICULTURE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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Farm Tools and Equipment Syllabus, Topics and Specific Objectives

2/11/2020

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Farm Tools and Equipment (7 Lessons)
Specific Objectives

By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

identify various farm tools and equipment
name parts of various farm tools and equipment
describe the use of various tools and equipment
carry out maintenance practices on tools and equipment
demonstrate an appreciation for care and maintenance of tools.

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Pictures and Uses of Garden Tools and Equipment

2/11/2020

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Garden Tools and Equipment

wire stretcher is used to tighten and stretch wires during fencing

knap sack sprayer is used to apply agro chemicals by spraying

dibber is used for making plant holes (dibbling)

pruning saw is used cutting old wood stems and pruning big branches

sickle is used for cutting grass and harvesting cereals

wheelbarrow is used for transportation of soil, fertilizers and farm produce

watering can is used for watering plants in a nursery bed

planting line is used for aligning planting rows

Axe for Cutting big trees and roots and splitting logs of wood.

budding knife is used for cutting young stems during budding and grafting

Secateur for Cutting young stems and pruning branches.

Pruning shears is used for pruning and trimming twigs and hedges

shovel is used for digging moving soil, sand fertilizers and soil

Spade Scooping and carrying of soil, sand, concrete mixture and manure.

Spade is used for Scooping and carrying of soil, sand, concrete mixture and manure.

Rake Collecting trash, breaking large clods, levelling, removing stones from a seedbed and spreading organic manure.

Rake is used for Collecting trash, breaking large clods, levelling, removing stones from a seedbed and spreading organic manure.

Fork Jembe Cultivation, digging out roots, harvesting of root crops.

Fork Jembe is used for Cultivation, digging out roots, harvesting of root crops.

Jembe / hand hoe Cultivation, digging, shallow planting holes and trenches.

Panga for Cutting and shallow cultivation, making holes.

Panga Cutting and shallow cultivation, making holes.

Spring balance is used to Measuring weight.

Pruning hook is used to Bending tall branches when pruning.

Tape measure for Measuring distances.

Axe for Cutting big trees and roots and splitting logs of wood.

Soil auger is used for Making holes for fencing posts.

Levelling board is used for levelling a nursery bed

Hose pipe used for conveying water from a tap to where it is need.

Garden fork is used for shallow digging.

Meter ruler is used for measuring distances.

pick axe is used for digging, breaking stones and digging out roots

Mattock is used for digging hard soils

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Introduction to Farm Tools and Equipment

2/11/2020

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Introduction to Farm Tools and Equipment

A Farm tool can be defined as a device/implement used to carry out a particular function in the garden/Shamba.
An Equipment is a machinery or a tool needed to do a specific job.

Differences between a Tool and an Equipment

A tool can be any item that is used to achieve a goal. Equipment usually denotes a set of tools that are used to achieve a specific objective. Tools are usually multipurpose. Equipment is designed for a specific task.

Farm tools and equipment perform specific jobs in the farm.
They make work easier and more efficient.

Introduction to Farm Tools and Equipment

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Drainage

This is a method of removing excess water or lowering the water table from a marshy water-logged land.
It is also a method of land reclamation.

Importance of Drainage as a Method of Land Reclamation

To increase soil aeration.
To raise soil temperature.
To increase microbial activities in the soil.
To reduce toxic substances from the soil.
To increase soil volume for exploitation by plant roots.

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Introduction to Irrigation

It is the artificial application of water to crops in dry areas or where water is not enough.
It is one of the methods of land reclamation in case of arid and semi-arid areas.
Factors to Consider in Identifying and Assessing the Potential of Land for Irrigation Development

Topography of the land
Soil type
Water availability
Human factors such as skill, capital availability and economic activities.

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Introduction to Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage

1/11/2020

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Introduction to Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage

Water is a very important natural resource.
It is necessary for both crops and livestock.

Uses of water in the farm;

Cleaning equipment.
Irrigation in dry areas.
Processing farm produce, for example, coffee.
Drinking by livestock and man.
Mixing agro-chemicals such as acaricide, fungicides and herbicides.
Providing power in water mills to grind grain crops.
Cooling engines.
Construction work.

Introduction to Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage

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Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage - Audiovisuals, Questions and Answers

1/11/2020

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TOPICAL QUESTIONS

1. State two reasons for treating water for us on the farm
2. State three reasons for draining swampy land before growing crops
3. Use the diagram below of irrigation method to answer the questions that follow.

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Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage: Topics/Subtopics Outline

22/10/2020

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Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage

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Water supply
1. Sources of water
2. Collection and storage of water
3. Pumps and pumping
4. Conveyance of water
  Piping: - types of pipes
  Choice of pipes
  Canals
  Transportation in containers
5. Water treatment
  Meaning
  Methods
  Importance
6. Uses of water on the farm
Irrigation
1. Definition
  1. Importance (include irrigation as a method of land reclamation)
  2. Methods
    surface
    sub-surface
    overhead
    drip
    Note: Discuss advantages and disadvantages of each method
2. Maintenance practices of each irrigation system
Project on crop production through arty method of irrigation
Drainage
1. Definition
2. Importance (include as a method of land reclamation)
3. Methods of drainage
  Surface
  Sub-surface
  Pumping
  Planting of appropriate trees
Water Pollution
1. Meaning
2. Agricultural practices that pollute water
3. Methods of pollution prevention and control

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Biotic Factors

22/10/2020

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Biotic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

These are living organisms which affect agricultural production.

Pests - Destructive organisms which destroy crops.
Parasites - These are invertebrates which live in or on other living organisms.
Decomposers - Organisms which act on plants and animal tissues to form manure.
Pathogens - Micro-organisms which cause diseases.
Predators - Animals that kill and feed on other animals.
Pollinators - They transfer pollen grains from the stamens to the pistil of a flower.
Nitrogen fixing bacteria -They are micro-organisms which convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates ready for use by the plants.

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Climatic Factors (weather elements)

22/10/2020

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Climatic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

Rainfall,
Temperature,
Wind,
Relative humidity
Light.

Weather
Atmospheric conditions of a place at a given time period.
Climate
Weather conditions of a place observed and recorded for a period of 30-40 years.

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Edaphic Factors Influencing Agriculture

22/10/2020

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Edaphic Factors Influencing Agriculture

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These are soil factors.
Soil is the natural material that covers the surface of the earth,
Made of weathered rock particles and decomposed animal and plant tissues, and on which plants grow.

Importance of Soil

Provides anchorage to the plants by holding their roots firmly.
Provides plants with mineral salts/ nutrients which are necessary for their growth.
Provide the plants with water.
Contains oxygen necessary for respiration of the plants and soil micro-organisms.

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Introduction to Factors Influencing Agriculture: Human Factors

17/10/2020

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Humans as a Factor Influencing Agriculture

Agricultural production is influenced by external factors:

Human factors
Biotic factors
Climatic factors
Edaphic factors.

Humans as a Factor Influencing Agriculture

Human Factors

These are human characteristics which affect the way decisions are made and operations carried out. These characteristics include:

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Factors Influencing Agriculture: Sub-Topics

17/10/2020

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Sub topics of Factors Influencing Agriculture

Human factors

Levels of education and technology

Health - HIV/AIDS and health in general

Economy (include liberalization)

Transport and communication

Market forces (local and international)

Government policy

Cultural and religious beliefs

Biotic Factors

Sub topics of Factors Influencing Agriculture

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Factors Influencing Agriculture: Specific objectives

17/10/2020

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Specific Objectives to Factors Influencing Agriculture

Factors Influencing Agriculture (24 Lessons)

Specific Objectives

By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

explain the human factors influencing agriculture
explain biotic factors influencing agriculture
explain how climatic factors influence agriculture
define soil
describe the process of soil formation
describe soil profile
determine soil constituents
classify soils by physical characteristics
explain chemical properties of soils
relate crop and livestock distribution to soils in different regions.

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<<Previous

FORM 1

FORM 1 NOTES BROKEN DOWN IN TOPICS

FORM 3

​Farm Tools and Equipment (7 Lessons)Specific Objectives

Garden Tools and Equipment

Introduction to Farm Tools and Equipment

Drainage

​Importance of Drainage as a Method of Land Reclamation

​Introduction to Irrigation

​Introduction to Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage

​Uses of water in the farm;

​TOPICAL QUESTIONS

Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage

​Biotic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

Climatic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

​Edaphic Factors Influencing Agriculture

​Importance of Soil

Humans as a Factor Influencing Agriculture

​​Human Factors

Sub topics of Factors Influencing Agriculture

Human factors

Levels of education and technology

Health - HIV/AIDS and health in general

Economy (include liberalization)

Transport and communication

Market forces (local and international)

Government policy

Cultural and religious beliefs

Biotic Factors

Specific Objectives to Factors Influencing Agriculture

​Factors Influencing Agriculture (24 Lessons)

Specific Objectives

By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

Categories

Archives

Quick Agriculture ​Revision Notes

Farm Tools and Equipment (7 Lessons)
Specific Objectives

Importance of Drainage as a Method of Land Reclamation

Introduction to Irrigation

Introduction to Water Supply, Irrigation and Drainage

Uses of water in the farm;

TOPICAL QUESTIONS

Biotic Factors influencing Agricultural Production

Edaphic Factors Influencing Agriculture

Importance of Soil

Human Factors

Factors Influencing Agriculture (24 Lessons)

Quick Agriculture Revision Notes