KCSE HOME SCIENCE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

State five qualities of a good disinfectant.

1/6/2020

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State five qualities of a good disinfectant.

Kill a wide range of micro-organisms/spores/germs
Be chemically stable and effective in the presence of organic compounds and metals.
Penetrate crevices/cracks
Not destroy the material on which it is applied Not affect the person using it
Be aesthetically acceptable/have a good colour
Have a pleasant smell.

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State five situations that would one require one to wash hands to prevent the spread of diseases

1/6/2020

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State five situations that would one require one to wash hands to prevent the spread of diseases

After contact with body fluids such as blood/urine
After handling soiled dirty objects/clothes/money/public transport
After doing work that involves touching dirt e.g. greetings
Before eating /drinking/before handling a person with an infectious disease/after handling
A person with an infectious disease
After using the toilet.
Before handling food /cooking food

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Describe the following conditions necessary for the occurrence of an infection;

1/6/2020

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Describe the following conditions necessary for the occurrence of an infection;

Causative agent:These are microorganisms capable of producing infection Bacterias/virus/fungus/protozoa
Reservoir of infection: An area/condition/place which micro-organisms can exist and multiply.

Environment in which the micro-organism can exist and multiply
The path through which the agent leaves its reservoir
The path through which the agent can leave its reservoir.
Various openings on the body/mouth ear/nose/private part/ways or routes

Mode of transmission;How micro-organisms can be acquired/infection, ingestion, inoculation, inhalation contact, placenta.This is how the micro-organism are acquired.

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State three actions to be avoided in the management of a burn and give a reason in each case

1/6/2020

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State three actions to be avoided in the management of a burn and give a reason in each case

Avoid exposure to the air as this can cause more pain
Covering/tying tightly to avoid pain/allow blood circulation/damaging
Avoid touching the burnt area with bare hands as it will cause infection
Do not use cotton wool or material with lints as this will stick on the exposed part.
Breaking the blisters as this may expose the burn to germs/cause more pain.
Applying lotions/ointments/oils/fats to a severe burn as this will cause further damage to the tissues/increase the risk of infection.
Removing adherent clothing as this will peel off the skin.
Applying adhesive dressing/tape to the skin as it will peel off the skin.
Avoid linen getting into contact with the burn as this will peel off the skin/decay the healing of the burn.

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Outline the steps to follow when mending a gaping seam on an apron

1/6/2020

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Outline the steps to follow when mending a gaping seam on an apron

Pin and tack seam back in position, remove pins
Using a thread that matches what was used before or the fabric.
Machine stitch/ Sew .
Remove tacking
Press the seam

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Describe the procedure of removing an oil stain from an article

1/6/2020

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Describe the procedure of removing an oil stain from an article

Grease solvent

Scrape/Remove oil
Use of grease solvent, with a cloth or sponge on the stain
Work from outside to the center Dry clean clean appropriately

Absorbent powder

Scrap/remove the oil
Put absorbent powder, covering the stain remove for a while brush off Dry clean
Clean appropriately.
Scrap/remove excess
Place a blotting grease proof paper onto the stain and use a warm/hot iron working from the outside to the center/inside to remove as much oil as possible
Wash the article normally

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Explain three reasons that make wool not suitable for an apron

1/6/2020

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Explain three reasons that make wool not suitable for an apron

It is warm fibre therefore not suitable for cloth work
It stretches and therefore looses its shape easily.
It is destroyed by strong laundry agents and therefore difficult to remove stains
It is weak when wet therefore cannot withstand frequent washing.
It shrinks/felts/matting not suitable for work cloth.
Its difficult to launder and not suitable for work cloth
Its bulky(heavy) therefore not suitable for work cloth.
Its too expensive not suitable for work cloth
Not easily available not suitable for work cloth

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Give five reasons why it would not be advisable to buy a refrigerator on hire purchase

1/6/2020

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Give five reasons why it would not be advisable to buy a refrigerator on hire purchase

It does not legally belong to the consumer until it is paid for in full.
It costs much more in the long run
In case the consumer defaults on payment, the refrigerator is taken away and no refund is made
It is psychologically disturbing to always remember a debt.
One cannot obtain cash discount.

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State five rules to observe when storing leftover foods

1/6/2020

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State five rules to observe when storing leftover foods

Rules to observe when storing left over foods
Foods should be Left to cool before storing
Stored in clean containers
Stored in temperatures that do not encourage growth of germs/bacteria/cool temperature/low temperature
Stored in airtight containers/covered/wrapped
Stored in appropriate labeled containers
Stored in small portions/as required
Don’t keep the leftover for too long
Store when its still fresh.

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Explain how each of the following factors causes malnutrition.

1/6/2020

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Explain how each of the following factors causes malnutrition.

Poverty: Lack of resource to obtain adequate food and/balanced diet /variety nutrients
Lifestyle :An increased/decreased intake of certain nutrients associated with one’s way of life.

Where there is less physical activities due to low burning of calories
Modern technology e.g. use of labour saving devices leading to limited
Lack of enough time leading to consumption of convenience foods.
Cultural practices:Some cultures prohibit certain groups of people eating particular foods some foods

Ignorance:Lack of knowledge on balanced diet leading to consumption of less nutritious meals/foods

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What is meant by the term malnutrition?

1/6/2020

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What is meant by the term malnutrition?

Malnutrition is poor intake of nutrients either below or in excess of the body’s requirements

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Outline the steps you would follow to clean his muddy leather shoes with laces in readiness for polishing

1/6/2020

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Outline the steps you would follow to clean his muddy leather shoes with laces in readiness for polishing

Protect the working surface
Remove the laces, wash in warm soapy water using friction method
Rinse in clean cold water put/hang to dry on a cloth-line
Scrape off the mud with a blunt object/back of knife stick
Clean the shoes with a cloth /wrung out of warm soapy water.
Rinse/wipe with a cloth wrung out of clean water
Wipe/clean the inside with a damp piece of cloth
Dry in airy place/or under a shade

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Your ten year old brother is among the selected pupils for the National Drama Festival,Describe the procedure you would follow to launder his knitted acrylic scarf in readiness for use on stage.

1/6/2020

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Your ten year old brother is among the selected pupils for the National Drama Festival, Describe the procedure you would follow to launder his knitted acrylic scarf in readiness for use on stage.

Prepare/Collect the equipment and materials required
Shake to remove loose dirt
Wash by kneading and squeezing in warm water using a mild detergent /soapy water
Rinse several times in warm water.
Squeeze out as much water as possible without wringing or twisting
Roll in a dry clean lesso/towel to remove excess water
Hang/Dry flat down under shade
Press using a warm iron
Air and fold
Clear equipment use and store appropriately

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Differentiate between a tick and a tack used in clothing construction

1/6/2020

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Differentiate between a tick and a tack used in clothing construction

A tuck is a method of controlling fullness while a tack is a temporary stitch.
A tuck is a style feature while a tack is a temporary stitch.

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State four qualities of well made hack stitches.

1/6/2020

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State four qualities of well made hack stitches.

Be firmly fastened at the beginning
Be continuous with no gaps
Be even in size
Be straight/follow stitching line
Have even tension/correct tension
Firmly stitched/strongly stitched

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State two ways in which the term ‘Patch’ can be applied in clothing construction.

1/6/2020

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State two ways in which the term ‘Patch’ can be applied in clothing construction.

Patch as a pocket
Patch as a method of repair
Patch as a decoration e.g in Jeans

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Name two balance mark used on patterns in clothing construction

1/6/2020

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Name two balance mark used on patterns in clothing construction

Dots/circles
Notches

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List four stitches used to finish a hem

1/6/2020

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List four stitches used to finish a hem

Hemming
Slip-hemming
Machine/edge
Herringbone stitching
Satin stitches
Loop stitches
Blankets
Overlock
Shell edging
Zigzag

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Outline two points bear in mind when caring for a clothes cupboard.

1/6/2020

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Outline two points bear in mind when caring for a clothes cupboard.

Line drawers
Avoid banging doors
Clean regularly/dust regularly
Avoid over-loading drawers
Air the storage facilities
Use naphthalene balls to keep drawers from moths.
Keep the doors closed
Oil the hangers

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Give two reasons why white cotton is preferably used to make handkerchiefs.

1/6/2020

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Give two reasons why white cotton is preferably used to make handkerchiefs.

Shows dirt easily .
Can withstand Laundry agents e.g. bleach .
Can withstand friction/strong to withstand frequent washing .
Can withstand special laundry treatment/boiling/bleaching/sterilizing/high temperature ,
Easy to launder
For aesthetic value/beauty/emphasize on cleanliness
Is soft
Is absorbent