KCSE HOME SCIENCE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Explain four factors to consider when selecting a baby’s clothes.

3/6/2020

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Explain four factors to consider when selecting a baby’s clothes.

the clothes must be warm as the heat regulating mechanism of a young baby does not function properly in the first few months;
the fabric used must be soft and nonstick to prevent soreness and irritation;
the fabrics used must be light in weight as the heavy ones make the baby uncomfortable;
clothes should be large enough to allow for some growth and free movement of the baby;
clothes should be of simple style and pattern for easier wearing and washing;
light ,warm or bright colours are best as they look cheerful and attractive;
clothes should be easy to wash since they get dirty quickly and need constant laundering;
clothes should be easy to put on and remove therefore should have tie tapes;
clothes should be non-flammable to keep baby safe from fire;
should be strong to withstand frequent washing.

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Highlight six signs of a child suffering from marasmus.

3/6/2020

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Highlight six signs of a child suffering from marasmus.

Extreme loss of weight:
No fat under the skin/emaciated/wrinkled skin;
Child looks like an elderly person:
Ribs can be seen clearly;
Eyes protrude:
Hair looks normal but head is big;
Child is weak;
Child is alert and interested in his/her surroundings;
Retarded growth.

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Identify six qualities of aluminum that make it suitable for making kitchen utensils.

3/6/2020

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Identify six qualities of aluminum that make it suitable for making kitchen utensils.

It is light in weight;
It has a silvery appearance.
It has a lower melting point/malleable:
It acts as a good conductor of heat:
It is highly resistant to weather corrosion;
It is easy to clean;
It is durable;
It is reasonably cheap:
It is safe to use;
It does not rust.

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Explain four finishing processes carried out during laundry.

3/6/2020

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Explain four finishing processes carried out during laundry.

Ironing - moving a hot iron to and fro on an article until all creases are removed;
Damping - introducing moisture to the dry article to be ironed;
Pressing - placing a warm iron on a garment, lifting and placing it on the next portion until the whole article is pressed;
Airing - hanging ironed clothes for some minutes to remove any traces of dampness before storage;
Folding/Hanging - preparing clothes for storage;
Mangling - folding of towels and pressing them between a mangle or roller for storage.

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Describe how to attach a lace onto the lower edge of a skirt using the overlaid seam.

3/6/2020

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Describe how to attach a lace onto the lower edge of a skirt using the overlaid seam.

Fold the skirt along the fitting line to the W.S, then press;
Place folded lace over the skirt fitting line:
R.S. up of lace. Match fitting line, then pin and tack;
Remove pins and machine stitch close to the fold, through the three layers;
Remove tacking and press;
Trim raw edges close to 1 cm, neaten raw edges:
Press seam on the R.S and W.S

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Apart from the disposal of fullness symbols, indicate three pattern markings on the sketch above.

3/6/2020

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Apart from the disposal of fullness symbols, indicate three pattern markings on the sketch above.

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Use the sketch of the skirt below to answer the following questions.

3/6/2020

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Use the sketch of the skirt below to answer the following questions.

State six methods of disposing fullness in the skirt sketch shown above.

Elastic
Shining
Darts
Easing
Pleats
Smoking
Tucks
Gathers

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Giving a relevant example in each case, differentiate between substitute and complimentary products.

3/6/2020

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Giving a relevant example in each case, differentiate between substitute and complimentary products.

substitute products are products that have the same use as others available in the market such as butter and margarine; while complementary products are the products that one needs to use together with other products such as sugar and tea, the need for one product creates the need for the other or one cannot be used without the other.

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Explain four points to consider when planning meals for an invalid who is bedridden.

3/6/2020

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Explain four points to consider when planning meals for an invalid who is bedridden.

Meals should be balanced to provide the invalid with the required nutrients for recovery;
Meals should be served punctually/at regular intervals so as to allow the digestive system time to work.
Meals should be prepared and served in a hygienic manner - this safeguards the patient from further infection;
Meals should be soft/easy to digest as the digestive system is delicate/weak/sick;
Meals should be served in small quantities as the invalid may not eat and retain much food
Meals should not have strong flavours and smells as this can make the invalid’s appetite go down;
Meals should have less energy foods as they require less calories;
Follow doctors instructions.

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Giving a reason in each case, state four advantages of using a refrigerator in the home.

3/6/2020

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Giving a reason in each case, state four advantages of using a refrigerator in the home.

Can facilitate service of cold dishes and beverages in hot weather when they are most refreshing;
Wastage is reduced as cooked food can be kept longer;
Perishables keep longer;
Meals can be planned in advance as shopping can be done early and food stored;
It is economical as it saves time and energy by reducing trips to the market;
Food remains safe to eat over varying periods of time as bacterial growth is inhibited;
Can take advantage of foods in season and preserve them.

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Describe how you would clean a plain wooden chopping board.

3/6/2020

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Describe how you would clean a plain wooden chopping board.

Collect equipment and materials
Clean with a soft/scouring brush and warm soapy water,
a portion at a time scrubbing along the grain overlapping the portions;
Rinse in warm water to remove soap and dirt;
Final rinse in cold water to freshen;
Dry with dry cloth/leave to dry
Clean equipment and store

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Outline the procedure for laundering a loose coloured cotton T-shirt.

3/6/2020

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Outline the procedure for laundering a loose coloured cotton T-shirt.

Collect equipment and materials
Wash in lukewarm soapy water using kneading and squeezing ;
Wash quickly to minimize colour loss;
Rinse in lukewarm water to remove soap and dirt;
Final rinse in cold water with salt and vinegar;
Squeeze out excess water ;
Dry flat on a clean surface under a shade
Press with a warm iron on W.S
avoiding the ribbing;
Air and fold.

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Your parents are away for the weekend and have asked you to clean the house thoroughly.Describe how you would clean an oil painted wall in the sitting room.

3/6/2020

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Your parents are away for the weekend and have asked you to clean the house thoroughly.Describe how you would clean an oil painted wall in the sitting room.

Collect equipment and materials
Dust using a dry cloth to remove loose dirt
Wipe using a clean cloth wrung from warm soapy water
Work from low levels going upwards to avoid tear marks/trickling stains
Clean a portion at a time slightly overlapping the parts
Rinse immediately by wiping with a cloth wrung out of clean water
Start from top coming downwards
Dry with a dry soft non fluffy cloth
Clean equipment, materials and store

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Identify the correct direction to press the following darts during garment construction:

3/6/2020

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Identify the correct direction to press the following darts during garment construction:

Front shoulder dart centre front
Bust dart downwards / towards the waist
Elbow dart downwards / towards the wrist
Back waist dart centre back

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Give one reason why acetone is not a suitable stain remover on acetate fabrics.

3/6/2020

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Give one reason why acetone is not a suitable stain remover on acetate fabrics.

is that acetate will dissolve in acetone.
damages/weakens fabrics

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State two points to observe when taking body measurements.

3/6/2020

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State two points to observe when taking body measurements.

Have a proper tape measure
Tie a tape measure around the waist as this is the focal point of all other measurements
Always put two fingers between the tape measure and the body/not tight
Record the measurements.
Person being measured should stand straight.

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