HOME SCIENCE REVISION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2022 MODEL 18082022

Ways of enhancing personal appearance

1. Taking proper care of the body
2. weasing clean and appropriate clothes
3. keeping the hair neat and well groomed.
4. using jewellery and accessories properly.

Parts of the dermis

1. Blood capillaries
2. Seat glands
3. Nerve ending
4. Sebaceous glands

Reasons for carrying out first aid

1. To save life
2. To prevent the situation from worsening
3. To reduce pain
4. To promote recovery.

Accidents that can happen at school 

1. Nose bleeding –choking- cuts
2. Poisoning - Bruises - Suffocation.
3. Sprains – Scalds – Shock

Advantage of living in bungalow

1. Convenient for families with young children, elderly and physically challenged since all rooms are on the same floor.
2. Cheap to build and easier to extend.
3. Offer more privacy to the family than maisonettes.
4. It is easier to keep the compound clean.
5. Household pests are limited.

Disadvantage of renting a house.

1. The house may not meet the family needs
2. It is expensive at long run
3. Low quality building materials may be used

Factors influence the cleaning of home of a home

1. Occupants age of people staying in a house.
2. Weather
3. Time available.
4. Materials and equipments available.

Food lifting tools made of materials 

1. Fish slice
2. Drainage spoon
3. Serving fork
4. Food tongs

Reasons why woolens must be dried flat

1. To prevent them pulling out of shape
2. Its weak when wet than when dry.
3. To prevent felting caused by the leaf of the sun
4. They tend to speed up the drying process.

Functions of the following parts of the sewing machine

• Spool holder/pin
• • To hold thread while stitching
  • To hold the reel of thread during stitching
• Feed dog
• • To control movement of the fabric during sewing
• Balance wheel
• • To balance the movement of the machines during stitching process
  • Start and stopping of machine during sewing.

Permanent stitches with appropriate examples 

1. Joining Stitches – Running, Back, over sewing, machine sago ting
2. Neatening stitches – Loop, buttonhole, over casting, zigzag over lock.
3. Decorate/ Embroidery- Chain, stem, frenchnote, shell, pin stitch  
4. Define environmental hygiene (1mk)
5. Keeping and maintaining high standard of cleanliness around our environment through proper sanitation refuse disposal, avoidance of pollutants and proper drainage.

Drainage of poor sanitation

1. Encourages breeding of disease causing organisms
2. Contamination of water and food
3. It results in an unsightly environment

Ways for caring for washing machine 

1. Follow manufactures instructions for use and maintenance
2. Never overload the machine
3. Wipe the machine every time after use
4. Remove clothes from the machine as soon as the washing time is over.
5. After washing and drying is over leave the door open to air the interior and remove odours      

Factors which affect the efficiency of the laundry soap

1. Temperature of water
2. Amount of soap
3. Builders used
4. Hardness or softness of water
5. Washing time
6. Degree of soilage   

Ways of providing variety in a meal 

1. Color
2. Texture
3. Flavor
4. Shape
5. Presentation

Two benefits of breastfeeding to the mother 

1. Enables the child and mother to bond
2. Assist the mother’s uterus to return to its normal size and position.
3. Reduces breast engorgement
4. It’s a natural method of family planning

Arranging flowers 

1. Line arrangement
2. Mass arrangement
3. Line and mass arrangement
4. Miniature arrangement

Qualities of good lighting

1. Should give sufficient light for the task being done
2. Should net cast shadows on working areas.
3. Should not cause a glare
4. Should be appropriate and of good quality
5. Should not have a big contrast with the background.
6. Should not cause eye strain

Washing/cleaning of plastic table

1. Wash in hot ½ soapy ½ water to remove fixed dirt ½
2. Using a soft ½ cloth or sponge to prevent scratching ½
3. Rinse ½ thoroughly in hot ½ water to remove traces of soap ½
4. Dry ½ completely and sub or buff with a soft cloth ½ to shine ½
5. Store appropriately ½

Laundering acrylic socks 

1. Soak ½ in cold ½ water for a short time
2. Wash ½ in warm soapy ½ water
3. Using kneeding and squeezing method ½
4. Rinse ½ thoroughly ½ in warm water ½
5. Give final rinse ½ in cold water ½ to refresh
6. Add fabric conditioner ½ in the final rinsing water
7. Drip dry ½ under a shade and secure with pegs ½ by the toes ½
8. Press ½ using a warm ½ iron
9. Air ½ to dry completely
10. Store ½ appropriately

Cleaning a plain wooden chopping board.

1. Clean with warm soapy ½ water and a scoring ½ pad to
2. Scrap ½ the surface
3. Rinse ½ thoroughly in warm water ½
4. Give a final rinse ½ in cold water ½
5. Wipe ½ with  a dry cloth
6. Leave in warm airy place ½ to dry completely
7. Store appropriately ½

Factors to consider when choosing a method of controlling fullness 

1. Effect desired
2. Type of fabric
3. Type of garment
4. Part of garment
5. Style of garment

Uses of fruits in cookery 

1. Making of juices
2. As a dessert i.e fruit salad
3. As a filling for a dessert with a cake or pastry base
4. For making jams, jellies/ marmalade
5. Enriching cake mixture and porridge
6. For flavoring
7. For making sauces
8. As an accompaniment to dishes e.g chicken Maryland

Ways of advertisement on potatoes

1. Person to person
2. Use of posters that can be put up at places.
3. Point of sale e.g boot sale
4. Use of radio in the local stations

Ways of minimizing Covid-19 in schools

1. Wash hands regularly with soap and water
2. Wear a mask correctly
3. Keep rooms well ventilated
4. Do not hug or shake hands
5. Avoid overcrowded places

Reasons why teenage girls can become anorexic peer pressure to be slim.

1. Parents neglecting to advice youth on proper nutrition
2. Poor role model especially from the fashion industry
3. Desire to join modeling
4. Low self esteem
5. Depression which reduces a person’s appetite    

Points to consider when introducing new foods to an infant 

1. New foods should be introduced gradually
2. Start by giving small amounts at first with a spoon.
3. Do not force the baby to eat food that he/she dislike
4. Feed from a cup using a spoon
5. The first food should be soft
6. Ensure all feeding utensils are thoroughly sterilized by boiling
7. Give Food after breastfeeding
8. Prepare the food in a hygienic environment so that the food is not contaminated

Uses of facing in garment construction

1. To neaten raw edges
2. To decorate the garment
3. To provide enough thickness for attaching fasteners
4. To shape and give body where applied

Similarities between French seam and double stitches seam

1. In both are strong seams thus can withstand frequent washing
2. In both they raw edges of the seams are enclosed
3. In both they are supposed to be flat and free from bubble
4. In both there are two rows of stitching

Ways of conserving charcoal when cooking

1. Light when you are about to cook
2. Use a sufuria that fits well
3. Cover the food with a well fitting lid while cooking
4. Close the door of the jiko when cook
5. Put off when not in use

Ways of incorporating air into floor mixture

1. Sieving
2. Creaming
3. Beating
4. Whisking           
5. Rubbing in
6. Folding   

Section A

1. Identify two ways in which the skin protects the body. (2 marks)

• Protects inner part from external injury

• Protects entry of micro-organism into the skin

• Melanin protects the skin from ultra violet rays.

2. Give two factors to consider when using cosmetics. (2 marks)

• Skin type and complexion

• Composition of the cosmetic

• Expiry date

• Follow manufacturers instruction

• Do not apply on a broken skin

• Remove old make up before applying new one

• Discontinue incase of skin irritations.

3. Mention two ways you would prevent dandruff. (2 marks)

• Using disinfected shampoos and hair oils

• Avoid sharing combs and head gears and sterilize.

• Clean combs and hair brushes.

4. Give two limitations of using a pressure lamp for lighting. (2 marks)

• May be noisy - The mantle is delicate-easily destroyed.

• High consumption of fuel (paraffin)

• Can be very dangerous if not handle with care

• Should be served by experts.

5. State three good qualities of a kitchen plan. (3 marks)

• Working surfaces should be of comfortable height to avoid straining.

• Sufficient working space for easy movement.

• Working surfaces should be close to each other to avoid too much movement.

• Should be well ventilated and lit to avoid fatigue.

• Work centers should allow work to flow from one surface to another without retracing steps.

6. Give two advantages of using commercial paper patterns. (2 marks)

• Accuracy and good fit is assured

• Are available in different sizes.

• Saves time and energy

• Are economical when they give more styles.

1.    Differentiate between facings and interfacings    (2 marks)

• Facing faces one side of the article and is not visible from the other, while an interfacing is sandwiched between two  layers of fabric

• Facing are on the R.S or W.S of an article using the same material or contrasting colour or texture while interfacing are chosen depending on the effect desired

• Depth of a facing is not generally less than 1cm while interfacings take the shape of the article being strengthened

2.    Name two stitches which can be worked with double thread                (1 mark)

• Thread marking

• Tailor tacking

• running stitches for gathers

• French knot

                     

3.    State two differences between the processes of ironing and pressing                    (1 mark)

• Ironing – iron is moved to and fro on the garment while exerting pressure

• Pressing – iron is moved over the article by lifting from place to place

• damping cloth may be used between iron and garment

4    Give two qualities of a good toy for a child                                    (2 marks)

• Toy should be age-appropriate

• Should have no sharp edges

• Easy to clean

• Designed to attract the eyes

• Not too small for baby to swallow

• Made of non-toxic materials

5    Suggest three uses of ribbons in garments                                    (3 marks)

• for decoration

• As a fastening

• For disposing fullness- used as a casing

• Used as a belt

• Can be used as a collar

• firmly woven ribbon can be used on a trouser  leg hem to reduce wear/tear along the shoe line

• Used on the insides of skirts/dresses for hanging the garment on hangers.

• Can be used along seams of  stretch garments to stabilize the seam- reduce stretching along shoulders etc.

• Can be used as facings on a straight edge