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Give five reason why courtship was as important aspect of traditional African marriage.

2/11/2022

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Reasons why courtship was important in Traditional African Marriage

  • It helps in identification of suitable marriage partners
  • The two families involved in marriage negotiations ( of the boy and girl) established relationship/ familiarization
  • The boy and girl had the opportunity to learn one another and their families
  • Offered the opportunity to check/ establish whether the two people ( boy and girl) are related. Near kin to each other
  • Offered opportunity to establish whether the two people came from marriageable clans/ families
  • Cemented/ strengthened the relationship between the two families through exchange of gifts mutual visits sharing of food and drink
  • Gave the two families time to negotiate for dowry
  • Gave time to the family of the young man to look for and pay dowry or part of it.
  • Gave the two families time to arrangements
  • Gave time to the girl and boy to be instructed in family life education/ prepare them for a marriage relationship
  • Boy and girl were instructed on their duties responsibilities/ privileges in the community
  • Gave time to establish whether the boy and girl weren’t for marriage e.g. on virginity, impotency, infertility, frigidity (not marriage but courtship)

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Give five reasons why some missionaries in Kenya condemned the practice of female circumcision.

2/11/2022

2 Comments

 

​Why missionaries condemned female circumcision

  • They argued that the practice was unnecessary / useless
  • They viewed the practice with abhorrence/ it was repugnant
  • It was not keeping wife European uncivilized norms/ European civilization
  • It was not keeping wife European uncivilized norms/ European civilization
  • They condemned it was an absence act/ immoral act
  • It was injurious to the health of the girls/ could lead to death though bleeding/ could cause infection/ had medical consequences especially in maternity cases
  • It was unchristian/ not agreeable with the biblical teachings

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Give five reasons why initiation rites were important in African traditional communities

20/3/2022

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The importance of initiation rites in Africa Traditional communities

  • Promote the youth into adulthood
  • Provided a learning forum for the youth to know the societies ideal ideals.
  • Used as a method of preserving between the initiates and the sponsor/age sets.
  • Used as a method of preserving between the society’s cultural heritage.
  • Enhanced a bond friendship/unity among the initiates
  • It made one a full member of the community / created a sense of belonging
  • One had the right to own property/ marry
  • Created a strong relationship between the initiates and sponsors/age sets.
Related Searches …
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  • INITIATION Notes
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Explain four factors that affect the role of specialist in Kenya today

29/9/2021

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Explain four factors that affect the role of specialist in Kenya today        

Factors that affect the role of specialists in Kenya today

  • Introduction of modern medicine, which has taken over the work of traditional healers
  • Christianity has introduced its own leadership styles
  • Western education has brought about new values challenging the authority of traditional elders
  • Urbanization has brought people of different religious background together
  • Influence of western culture, which has promoted individualism
  • Application of scientific methods of weather forecasts   

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Outline the role of a diviner in traditional African communities

29/9/2021

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Outline the role of a diviner in traditional African communities

The role of a diviner in traditional African communities

  • He/she predict future occurrence
  • He/she warns against future calamities
  • He/she advises and guides people on various issues
  • He/she heals those with various diseases
  • He/she intercedes in times of calamities
  • He/she presides over religious ceremonies
  • He/she finds out the cause of a problem


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Explain four roles performed by ancestors  in traditional African communities.

27/9/2021

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Explain four roles performed by ancestors  in traditional African communities. 
  1. They act as mediators between God and the living
  2. They give instructions to the living gas to what should be done during certain occasions
  3. They warn the living of the impending punishments in case of a wrong doing
  4. They appear to people in dreams/visions to deliver a message from the spirit world
  5. They provide people with a sense of identity
  6. They act as custodians of the cultural/religious practices of the community
  7. They punish those who break customs/taboos
  8. They create a sense of security/protection for the community
  9. They intercede for the community’s needs to God

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Give the changes that have taken place in the traditional African understanding of property

20/6/2021

2 Comments

 
  1. Women and children may own  property  unlike in ATC where only men would
  2. Many children and women are seen as liability rather than an asset as it was in ATC
  3. Acquisition of wealth sometimes is done through unjust/unfair ways such as grabbing of land/swindling/theft
  4. There is too much stress on individual ownership as opposed to communal ownership in ATC
  5. Some men sell everything leaving the children with nothing to inherit
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State five reasons why, marriage in traditional African communities is regarded as a covenant

14/4/2021

2 Comments

 

​Why marriage in traditional African communities is regarded as a covenant.

  • Should be permanent /breaking of the marriage had serious consequences
  • Its binding/the couple/family /clans all who were separate before
  • Ceremonies are conducted where the concerned couple/family/clan take vows promising loyalty to each other.
​Why marriage in traditional African communities is regarded as a covenant.
  • Exchange of gifts/as a sing of lasting relationship/ cement the relationship
  • Certain conditions have to be fulfilled such as payment of dowry/bearing of children
  • Gods/spirit are evoked to bless and protect the marriage/prayers are offered to God
  • There are witnesses i.e. families/friends
  • There is sharing of a meal/ceremony to express unity/friendship
Related Topics …
  • AFRICAN MORAL AND CULTURAL VALUES
  • Marriage
  • AFRICAN MORAL VALUES - KCSE CRE FORM 1 NOTES
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Give reasons why taboos are important in traditional African communities

22/3/2021

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​Reasons why taboos were important in traditional African communities

  • Guided people on moral behaviour/discipline.
  • Outlined social relationships/kinship ties.
  • Faster respect for elders/leaders.
Give reasons why taboos are important in traditional African communities
  • Maintenance of respect for God.
  • Help in maintenance of dignity/integrity.
  • Guided on acceptable eating habits/discourages vices such as gluttonness, greediness etc.
  • Create harmony/maintain law and order/promoted peace in society.

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With reference to African traditional communities, state five factor that promote harmony and mutual responsibility in Kenya today

12/12/2020

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Factors that promote harmony and mutual responsibility in Kenya today.

  • The worship of god / a supreme being.
  • Belief in common ancestry/origin
  • Sharing of material thins with the less endowed/giving moral support in times-of need.
  • Adopting positive attitude towards work/communal work
  • Citizens have an obligation to obey the laws /rules of the country.
  • Developing and practicing acceptable leisure activities.
  • Conservation natural resources/land / environment /water/minerals
  • Promotion of a common language for easy/effective communication.
  • Respecting other people’s cultures.
  • Shunning practices that are incompatible with Christian values
  • Sharing respect for leaders/elders.
Related Searches …
  • FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO HARMONY AND MUTUAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE AFRICAN COMMUNITY - k.c.s.e c.r.e notes - 
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State five rituals marking the birth of child traditional African communities

12/11/2020

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​Rituals marking the birth of a child in traditional African communities.

​Rituals marking the birth of a child in traditional African communities.
  • There was dancing /singing for the new life.
  • The new born was praised) blessed.
  • There was feasting and celebrations
  • The father received praises.
  • There were ululations whose numbers was determined by the sex of the child.

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State the duties of a traditional African communities helped bereaved families

29/10/2020

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Ways in which people in Traditional African Communities helped bereaved families

  • They visited the bereaved/ stayed with them/ kept them company/ gave them moral support
  • Consoled them though singing, dancing, praying, giving words of comfort
  • Contributed food and other material needs and gave them moral support
  • Helped them by performing certain duties for them e.g. cooking, cleaning, welcoming mourners running errands
  • They attended the funeral to give the departed a good send- off
  • Helped in preparing the body for burial
State the duties of a traditional African communities helped bereaved families

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State the traditional practices that lowers the dignity of women today

25/10/2020

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Traditional practices that lowers the dignity of women today

Traditional practices that lowers the dignity of women today
  • Division of Labour.
    • In Traditional African perspective, women were not allowed to take some tasks which were seen as men jobs such as hunting and leadership. But today, if practiced, it is seen as lowering women's dignity.
  • Clitoridectomy.
    • Also called female circumcision, Is an act of surgical removal, reduction, or partial removal of the clitoris.
  • Polygamy.
    • This is an act of marrying more than one wife.
  • Early marriage.
    • Marriage before the age provided by the constitution at 18 years. The law assumes that anyone below this age is a child and cannot be able to make decisions on her own.
  • Wife inheritance.
    • This is an act of forcefully inheriting a wife whose husband had passed on. In the modern world, it is seen as a retrogressive behaviour.
  • Discrimination on inheritance of land.
    • In Traditional African Society, Women were not entitled to own land. But in the modern world perspective, women are entitled to own property just as their male counterparts. Denying them this right, is a violation of the constitution.
  • Definition of diet on gender line.
    • In some African Traditional Communities, women were not allowed to eat some foods. But in the modern world, its a violation of women rights to deny the some foods without their will.
  • Wife beating
    • Also called wife battering was widely practiced in the TAS - Traditional African Societies, however, now it is discouraged and seen as a retrogressive behaviour.
  • Being treated as sex objects/ avenues for procreation.
    • In T.A.S- Traditional African Societies, woman was seen as a property of a man, this led to the violation of their rights such as being used as sex objects for material gains.
  • Dressing codes
    • Some traditional dressing codes are not acceptable today, and by implementing these codes, women see it as a violation of their rights

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Explain the role of the sponsor during traditional African circumcision ceremonies

25/10/2020

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Explain the role of the sponsor during traditional African circumcision ceremonies

Explain the role of the sponsor during traditional African circumcision ceremonies

Expected Response

  1. They offer guidance and counseling to the candidates
  2. They educate the candidates on their new duties/and responsibilities as adults
  3. They give candidates instructions in sex education
  4. They encourage the candidates to face the operation with courage
  5. They give moral / physical support during the operation
  6. Act as a link between the candidates and their families
  7. They nurse the initiated back to health
  8. They play the. role of a mentor/father/mother/god-father/god- mother to the initiated
  9. They ensure that the initiated are protected/well cared for 

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Explain six reasons why initiation was important in the African Traditional Society

23/10/2020

1 Comment

 


Reasons why initiation was important in the African Traditional Society

Explain six reasons why initiation was important in the African Traditional Society
  1. Initiates gain new status in life/he/she moves from childhood to adulthood.
  2. Initiate acquires new rights and privileges
  3. Initiate receives special education from their sponsors during seclusion.
  4. Initiation ceremony brings the people together e.g. families, relatives and friends.
  5. Shedding of blood unites the initiate to the land and ancestors.
  6. Initiation ceremonies are looked at as occasion for prayers to God.
  7. Initiation helps to restructure the community through age sets/groups.
  8. It is a sign of courage and bravery.
  9. Pain endured during initiation prepares the initiates to face the difficulties and challenges of adult life.   

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​List eight places used for worship in traditional African communities

18/8/2020

1 Comment

 
previously << GIVE SIX REASONS WHY SACRIFICES ARE MADE IN TRADITIONAL AFRICAN COMMUNITIES

​List eight places used for worship in traditional African communities. (8 marks)

Places used for worship in traditional African communities
  1. Under sacred trees
  2. In caves
  3. At river banks/waterfalls
  4. On rocks
  5. On mountains/hills
  6. In forests/shrubs
  7. In shrines
  8. In homes of religious leaders
  9. At graveyards.
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next >> HOW DO CHRISTIANS IN KENYA SHOW RESPECT FOR PLACES OF WORSHIP
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​GIVE SIX REASONS WHY SACRIFICES ARE MADE IN TRADITIONAL AFRICAN COMMUNITIES

18/8/2020

1 Comment

 
previously << ​LIST EIGHT PLACES USED FOR WORSHIP IN TRADITIONAL AFRICAN COMMUNITIES

​Give six reasons why sacrifices are made in traditional African communities. (6 marks)

Reasons why sacrifices are made in traditional African communities
  1. To worship God/ancestors
  2. It is a way of seeking for protection
  3. A way of acknowledging God as a source of life
  4. To seek God’s help in times of trouble/petition God for help
  5. To ask for forgiveness/a way of cleansing /appease
  6. In recognition of God’s power
  7. To thank God for victories/success
  8. To ask for blessings from God.
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  • Selected Old Testament Prophets And Their Teachings
  • SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
  • Old Testament Prophesies About The Messiah 
  • Spread Of Christianity
next >> GIVE SIX REASONS WHY SACRIFICES ARE MADE IN TRADITIONAL AFRICAN COMMUNITIES
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The role of a Diviner

18/8/2020

1 Comment

 


​The role of a Diviner


01.

​Predicts future occurrences

02.

​Warns against future calamities

03.

​Advises counsels/guides on various issues

04.

​Intercedes in times of calamities
​THE ROLE OF A DIVINER
​THE ROLE OF A DIVINER

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Outline six challenges facing Traditional herbalists in Kenya today

7/8/2020

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Outline six challenges facing Traditional herbalists in Kenya today

  • Most herbalists lack proper formal education
  • Lack of research equipment for the herbalists
  • Inability to treat certain illness
  • Conmen posing as herbalists
  • Modern medicine is more effective
  • Formal education has ruled out superstitious and influence of spirits
  • Modernity, therefore medicine men are considered outmoded and backward
  • Science and technology provides solutions to problems related to medical treatment.
  • Advance weather conditions. 

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Discuss six similarities between the Traditional African prophets and the true prophets in the Old Testament.

6/8/2020

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DISCUSS SIX SIMILARITIES BETWEEN THE TRADITIONAL AFRICAN PROPHETS AND THE TRUE PROPHETS IN THE OLD TESTAMENT

  1. Both predicted future events/ disasters
  2. Both acted as mediators between God and the people
  3. Both had supernatural powers to exercise their duties
  4. Both had a personal relationship with God/ received revelations through visions/ dreams
  5. They were religious leaders who could offer sacrifices! prayers
  6. Both played an advisory role to the political leaders/ acted as the conscience of the leaders
  7. Both urged their people to be morally upright! condemned evil in society
  8. They led exemplary lives! were role models
  9. In both cases there were prophets arid prophetesses

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EXPLAIN THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RITUALS CONDUCTED DURING THE NAMING CEREMONIES IN TRADITIONAL AFRICAN COMMUNITIES

6/8/2020

1 Comment

 

Explain the significance of rituals conducted during the naming ceremonies in Traditional African Communities

Explain the significance of rituals conducted during the naming ceremonies in Traditional African Communities
  1. Bathing of the baby sets in the begging of new life
  2. Shaving of the mother and baby’s hair symbolizes new status
  3. Choosing of the appropriate name to give the baby is for identification/ incorporation into the wider society,’ honour to the ancestors
  4. Feeding of the baby symbolized new life  growth
  5. Holding of the baby by members of the community shows concern for it/ shared responsibility by the extended family
  6. Saying prayers/words of blessings for the mother and baby signifies long life
  7. Slaughtering of animals is a way of thanksgiving to ancestors/ God
  8. Feasting is a sign of joy/ socialism/ welcoming the baby/ acceptance
  9. Giving of presents to the baby/ mother is a sign of good will/ ownership of property
  10. Wearing of charms signifies protection for the baby/ mother

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Explain why traditional African Community encouraged to have many children

24/7/2020

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Explain why traditional African Community encouraged to have many children

Explain why traditional African Community encouraged to have many children
African Children at Play
  • ​Children provided source of labour.
  • When children grow up, especially men, they could provide security and protection to the community.
  • Many children especially girls brought more dowry. More dowry meant more wealth.
  • There was high mortality rate among children. The more children one was likely to have meant there was a high probability that more could survive.
  • More children ensured the continuity of African societies kin.
  • Children always took part in the care of their parents during old age, the more children one had, the more resources a parent could likely have during old age and the better was the old age care.
  • Most couples fancied to have boys to inherit their parents property and provide security. So if the first children were girls, they could continue to have more to increase the chances of having enough boys.
  • More children cemented the relationship between the husband and wife. It meant that the wife was deeply now accepted as part of the man's family and her decisions were carried a lot of weight.
  • Children were often believed to be a blessing from God, therefore more children meant more blessing.
  • Children were believed to be replacements of dead relatives and most societies named children using names of their dead ancestors and relatives. More children meant more relatives could be replaced and named upon their names.
  • Children were seen as custodians of the society's virtues, customs, believes and culture. More children translated to expansion of cultural practices, taboos, customs, believes and customs. This could influence neighboring societies and communities.

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​Consequences of breaking taboos in traditional African communities

20/7/2020

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Consequences of breaking taboos in T.A.S


​Consequences of breaking taboos in traditional African communities
​Consequences of breaking taboos in traditional African communities
  1. Paying of a fine​
  2. Excommunication/ banishment/ ostracized/ Exile
  3. Punishment/ ridicule/ pain to the body
  4. Being killed
  5. Cleaning/ undergoing rituals
  6. Making sacrifices to appease the ancestors/ God/ Spirit
  7. Offering  compensation
  8. Being cursed/  mysterious happenings
  9. Denial  of privileges

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State seven similarities between traditional and Christian view on work

29/6/2020

1 Comment

 

State seven similarities between traditional and Christian view on work

State seven similarities between traditional and Christian view on work
  • In both work is mainly for the purpose of acquiring basic needs.
  • In both work is ordained by God.
  • In both work is encouraged after work/leisure.
  • In both work is a duty/done in obedience to God.
  • In both division of work is encouraged/sharing of work.
  • In both hard work is emphasized/laziness is condemned.
  • In both talents/abilities are developed through work.
  • In both work promotes socialization.

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List five duties of diviners in traditional African  communities

5/6/2020

1 Comment

 

Role of diviners in African Traditional Society

Diviners:

These are people who reveal secret information from the past or the future. 
  • They get their power through inheritance or divine calling. 
  • They use divination objects, common sense and insight.
  • Unveil mysteries by interpreting the information received from the spirits.
  • Help the society to solve issues that are difficult for them to understand.
  • They do the work of counselors, judges, advisers, comforters, assurers during crises.
  • They also play the role of priests, seers and fortune tellers.
  • Diviners are still consulted in Kenya today particularly during moments of crises.
They, however, face many challenges:
  • Divination is condemned in the Bible (Deuteronomy 18:10 – 11)
  • Science and technology have further diminished their importance since many mysteries can be explained through science and technology.

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