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Identify six factors that undermine the role of traditional healers today.

10/11/2021

Identify six factors that undermine the role of traditional healers today. (6mks)

Modern medicine
Scientific diagnosis of illness
Emergency of new religious faith that stress on prayer and faith healing
Extinction of medical herbs
Competition from foreign herbalists
Influence of western culture
Influence of mass/electronic media
Misconception about their role in society
Inaccessibility due to remote working conditions

Outline duties of healers in traditional African societies.

10/11/2021

Outline duties of healers in traditional African societies (6mks)

Establishing the religious/physical causes of a disease
Offering both herbal and psychological cure to patients
Offering protection against any illness or misfortune by use of charms
Assist in dispelling witchcraft and magic
Guiding and counseling people on various issues
Training other healers/medicine men/women
Presiding over religious functions.

Outline five requirements for a sacrifice to be offered

20/6/2021

The ritual leader/person to perform the sacrifice e.g priest/an elder/prophet
The victim/sacrificial animal/object
The instruments/tools to perform the sacrifice
The recipient of the sacrifice/God /deity
Witness/witnesses
The ground/place where sacrifices is to be performed

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Identify five occasions when oaths were administered in traditional African Communities

18/3/2021

Occasions when oaths were administered in Traditional African Communities

Identify five occasions when oaths were administered in traditional African Communities

Also:

reasons why oaths were administered in traditional african communities
in what ways did the traditional african maintain

During reconciliation ceremonies
During marriage
After initiation
When preparing for a raid
When deciding on cases/ setting disputes

When a person was being adopted into a family clan or tribe
When a person was being initiated into a secret society
During installation of leaders ( oath of office
When a community was threatened member took oath to remain united against the enemy
During the making of peace treaties
When buying land
During naming ceremonies/ children dedicated to God/ ancestors.

List five responsibilities of priests in traditional African communities

18/3/2021

Five responsibilities of priests in traditional African communities

They offered sacrifices on behalf of the communities
Acted as mediators between God and the people
Offered prayers during religious ceremonies such as birth/initiation/marriage/death/war

List five responsibilities of priests in traditional African communities

Performed rituals of cleansing/healing
Reconciled warring parties/peace makers
Were part of decision making body especially during calamities such as war/epidemics/drought
Foretold the future/warned people of impending danger/calamities.

Identify five occasions when prayers were offered in traditional African Communities

12/12/2020

Occasions when prayers were offered in traditional African communities.

Breaking a new ground
Planting seasons
In times of crisis such as drought/epidemic/persistent diseases.
Rites of passage e.g. naming /birth.
When preparing warriors for war.

occasions when prayers were offered in traditional African Communities

breaking a curse.
After abundant harvest. / in thanksgiving.
At day-break and sunset.
Before selling off on a journey
Installation of leaders.

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What is the origin of sin and evil according to A.T.S

4/10/2020

Understanding where Sin/Evil originated from in the African Traditional Society (A.T.S)

What is the origin of sin and evil according to A.T.S

Breaking of taboos
Failure to remember the dead
Lack of respect to other members of the community
The spirit of divination and magic may turn mischievous and cause harm
Use of magic
Failure to bury the dead properly
Killing someone
Killing of certain animals such as the Owl
Betraying your community

What are the causes of evil in Traditional African Society?

5/8/2020

What are the causes of evil in T.A.S

What are the causes of evil in T.A.S

Curses
witchcraft/sorcery
evil spirits
Breaking taboos
Malicious ancestral spirits who have a grudge against the living.
Breaking of oaths
Bad omen

With reference to traditional African communities state five ways in which the African sought reconciliation with God

20/7/2020

Ways man sought reconciliation

ways in which the African sought reconciliation with God

Through prayers
Through invoking the name of God
Pouring libations to the ancestors.
Offering sacrifices
Singing /dancing to God

Visiting the sacred places
Helping the less fortunate in the community
Giving offerings /gifts.
Reciting/chanting the names of the ancestors.
Approaching God through the mediators e.g. diviners
Cleansing wrongdoers/abstaining from various practices.

Outline eight traditional African practices that promote order and justice in the society

27/2/2020

Ways in which people in traditional African communities communicate with God

12/2/2020

The responsibility of the living towards ancestors in traditional African community

8/9/2019

The responsibility of the living towards ancestors in traditional African community

The responsibility of the living towards ancestors in traditional African community:

Naming children after them
Pouring libation for them
Taking care of their graveyards
Making sacrifices to honour them
Consulting / communicating to them in times of need
Inviting / involving them in ceremonies
Invoking their names during prayers
Transmitting their wishes / visions
By holding commemoration ceremonies for them
Managing their property wisely.
Building shrine s for them.
Teaching children about them.

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Traditional African understanding of spirits.

8/9/2019

Traditional African understanding of spirits

Traditional African understanding of spirits.

Spirits are invisible / do not have a physical form
Spirits are more powerful than human beings
they are believed to be residing in caves / rivers I trees/ rocks
Spirits can acquire physical form / appear to human beings in form of birds / animals
Spirits have the ability to enter human beings / and through them to convey
messages / reveal certain truths
Spirits act as mediators between God and human beings
Spirits change according to the circumstances / they can bring either harm / good to people.

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