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State how the intensity of X-rays in an X-ray tube can be increased.

31/7/2020

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K.C.S.E Physics Q & A - MODEL 2019PP2QN10

State how the intensity of X-rays in an X-ray tube can be increased.

Picture
answer
  • By increasing the heating current in order to produce more electrons
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K.C.S.E Physics Q & A - MODEL 2016PP2QN10

27/7/2020

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K.C.S.E Physics Q & A - MODEL 2016PP2QN10

​Figure 6 shows a narrow beam of X-rays passing between two metal plates in air. The plates are connected in series with a switch, a cell and a milliameter.
Picture
​It is observed that when the switch is closed a current flows in the milliameter. Explain this observation. 
answer
  • X-rays cause ionization of air molecules between the plates. The ions move to plates of opposite charge.
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The anode of an x-ray tube becomes hot when the tube is in use. State the reason for this.

23/7/2020

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K.C.S.E Physics Q & A - MODEL 2014PP2QN11

The anode of an x-ray tube becomes hot when the tube is in use. State the reason for this.

Picture
answer
  • It stops the fast moving electrons V whose kinetic energy is converted to heat.
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K.C.S.E Physics Q & A - MODEL 2013PP2QN10

23/7/2020

0 Comments

 

K.C.S.E Physics Q & A - MODEL 2013PP2QN10

​Figure 5 shows a narrow beam of x-rays passing between two metal plates in air. The plates are connected in series with a switch, a cell and a milliameter.
Picture
​It is observed that when the switch is closed a current flows in the milliameter. Explain this observation.
answer
  • X rays ionise air molecules between plates 
  • Ions move to plates of opposite sign
0 Comments

K.C.S.E Physics Q & A - MODEL 2012PP2QN018

21/7/2020

0 Comments

 

K.C.S.E Physics Q & A - MODEL 2012PP2QN018

​ Figure 18 shows parts of an x-ray tube.
Picture

(a) Explain why:
(i) A potential difference is applied to the filament.
(ii) A high potential difference is applied between the cathode and the anode.
(iii) Most of the tube is surrounded by lead.
(b) State how the resulting x-rays are affected by increasing the potential difference between the anode and the cathode.
(c) Light of frequency 7.5 x 1014 Hz strikes a metal surface whose work function is 4.0 x 10-19J. Determine the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons. (take planks constant h = 6.63 x 10-34 Js)

answers
​(a) (i) To produce electrons; by thermionic emission; 
(ii) To accelerate the electrons to give them enough K.E. t produce X-rays at the anode;
(iii) To absorb stray X-rays, thus protecting the operator from those rays; 
(b) Increases K.E. of electrons and hence causes X-rays of higher frequency; 
  OR
 X - ray are more penetrative
 X - rays of shorter wavelength.
Picture
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