IRE Questions and Answers: Get Expert Solutions and Insights

In what ways have Muslims in Kenya helped in the provision of medical services?

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 6(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) In what ways have Muslims in Kenya helped in the provision of medical services? (8 marks)

Ways in Which Muslims in Kenya Have Helped in the provision of Medical Services

Muslims have built hospitals, dispensaries, health centres and clinics in which they treat the sick and provide other health/medical services
There are Muslim doctors, nurses arid other health workers providing medical care/services in health institutions throughout Kenya
Muslims also run mobile clinics in the remote parts of Kenya
Muslim lecturers/tutors/teachers training medical personnel e.g. doctors, nurses, pharmacists to serve the Kenyans
Muslim authors have written medical books and newspapers/magazines to educate the Kenyans on health matters
Muslim organizations which provide free medicine and treatment to the public
Muslim organizations and activists educate the public on Hi V/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis and other health issues ,
Muslims work in the administration and management of medical services e.g. Ministry of Health, medical colleges, hospitals etc.
Muslims pay taxes which are used to provide services including medical services
Muslim industrialists/factory owners who produce medical material for use in hospitals and by doctors
Muslim pharmacists who run chemists/pharmacy to provide medicine and other medical materials to those who need them
Use of electronic and print media to teach the public on matters of health .
Islamic teachings on matters of health, hygiene, cleanliness, dietary rules also help provide information on healthy living.

(8 X 1 = 8 marks)

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Discuss the contributions made by Sheikh Abdallah Swaleh Farsy to the growth of Islam in East Africa

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 6(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Discuss the contributions made by Sheikh Abdallah Swaleh Farsy to the growth of Islam in East Africa (12 marks)

Contribution of Sheikh Abdallah Swaleh Farsy to the Growth of Islam in East Africa

He was an educationist, worked as a Senior Kadhi in Zanzibar(1960-1967) and as Chief Kadhi in Kenya(1968-1982) and during his years of service he promoted Muslim unity through his excellent leadership and arbitration skills.
He authored over 25 books through which Muslims knowledge of Islam was enriched
He translated the Quran into Kiswahili making it possible for non-Arabic speakers to read the Quran
His spiritual leadership and decrees were accepted by all Muslims who also respected his authority to interpret Islam
He firmly stood for the interest of the Muslims especially their right to education
He advocated for equity in education. He challenged the government to raise the standard of Muslim education to the level of other community’s education
He called for the combination of secular education and Muslim studies in Muslim schools
He called on the government to start the teaching of Islamic Religious Education in school
Contributed in the establishment of Madrassa system in East Africa
He gave Lectures and organized seminars in mosques to education the Muslim youth. Many young people flocked to his lectures
He stood for the pure Islam/purity of Islam and revival of proper understanding of Islam
He was committed to reforming the society through education and by getting rid of outdated cultural practices among Muslims
Travelled widely for the course of Islam.

(6 x 2 = 12 marks)

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Discuss any seven challenges faced by Muslims in Kenya in the nineteenth century

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 5(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Discuss any seven challenges faced by Muslims in Kenya in the nineteenth century (14 marks)

Challenges Faced by Muslims in Kenya in the Nineteenth Century

The Muslim presence remained mainly along the coastal strip and on the Indian Ocean islands as they could not venture into the mainland for fear of hostile peoples and other unknown factors.
During the nineteenth century European nations e.g. British, French, Germans and the Dutch started showing interest on the coast of East Africa and this posed a threat to the Muslim possessions along the Kenyan coast.
During the nineteenth century European Christian missionaries started their evangelization of the Kenyan people spearheaded by the CMS, UMFC and the Holy Ghost Fathers. The Christian missionary activities posed a threat to the spread of Islam.
The Europeans regarded Muslims with suspicion and mistrust as they only saw them in term of slavery and slave trade a fact that made them determined to check further Muslim influence among the Kenyan people.
There was disunity among Muslim rulers. They would not encounter/countercheck the external interference as a united front.
The weakening of the Ottoman empire affected what was happening in the Muslim world including the coast of Kenya.
The signing of treaties between the European powers (especially Britain) and the Muslim rulers undermined the Muslim power and trade.
The inability of Muslims to take Islam to the interior of Kenya accorded the Christian missionaries the opportunity to take Christianity to the interior without hinderances.
The scramble for Africa leading to the Berlin Conference and partition of Africa brought, Kenya under the British rule. That meant Muslims lost their political economic and social control of their possessions.
Colonisation by the British meant that the Muslim lost their independence which they had enjoyed for centuries (with the exception of the period of the Portuguese occupation)
With colonization and building of the Uganda railway, came the influx of European Christian missionaries into Kenya who started evangelization at a great speed undermining the spread of Islam .
The survival of Muslims in Kenya in the midst of all these challenges

(7x2 =14 marks)

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Elaborate on any six achievements of the Ummayad Dynasty

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 5(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Elaborate on any six achievements of the Ummayad Dynasty (6marks)

Achievements of the Ummayad Dynasty

Restoration of law and order throughout the Muslim empire after the protracted civil war
The caliphate lasted for almost a century, from 660 to 750 when it was overthrown by the Abbasids .
The conquest of African territories thus expanding islam and Arab influence in Africa
Consolidation and extension of Islamic territories in Asia
Introduced proper administrative system and built a strong and efficient army
Establishment of a department of registry (Diwanul-Khatam)
Introduced postal services (Diwanul-Barid)
The building of the first Muslim navy
Arabic was made the official language of the whole Islamic Nation
Standardization of currency used in the Muslim empire by introducing gold, silver and copper co ins with the denominations of Dinar, Dirham and Fal introduced vowels and diacritical marks in the Arabic script which made it easier for the non-Arabs to learn Arabic and use the correct pronunciation
Liberalization of knowledge/freedom of learning .
Saw stability in leadership. Arab civilization had its first stable centre in the Ummayad Caliphate in Damascus (established by Muawiya)

(6 x 1 = 6 marks)

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Give reasons why Sayyidna Uthman Ibn Affan was elected Caliph.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 4(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Give reasons why Sayyidna Uthman Ibn Affan was elected Caliph. (8 marks)

Reasons Why Uthman Ibn Affan Was Elected Caliph .

He was one of the early Muslims who migrated to Abbysinia and then to Madina
He was of the ten companions of the Prophet (p.b.u.h) to whom the Prophet gave the good tidings of Heaven
He was of gentle character, soft spoken, kindhearted and compassionate
Was one of the first ten people who believed in the Prophet (p.b.u.h)
He was a companion of the Prophet (p.b.u.h) throughout the Prophet’s life
He donated generously to the cause of Islam whenever the Prophet (p.b.u.h) needed help/funded the Islamic army especially the battle of Tabuk
He was married to two daughters of the Prophet (p.b.u.h) (one after the other)
He was one of the writers of the Revelation
The Prophet (p.b.u.h) had praised him and indirectly pointed to him after Abu Rakr and Umar as top companion
He was unanimously proposed as the next Caliph to succeed Umar by the panel six companions appointed by Umar.

(8 x 1 = 8 marks)

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Describe the methods used by the Quraish to persecute the early Muslims in Makka

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 4(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Describe the methods used by the Quraish to persecute the early Muslims in Makka (12 marks)

Methods Used by the Quraish to Persecute Early Muslims in Makka

Physical torture e.g. beatings, putting thorns on the path, being dragged in the sand
Mental torture by marginalizing them
Killings/murder/beating to death
Through business embargo
Threatening them with death
Opposition to and rejection of the Prophet’s teaching
Verbal insults and abuses hurled at Muslims
Name calling of the Muslims/called Muslims names
Muslims from worshipping in the Kaaba
Making noises when Muslims were praying
Threatening and warning the would be converts or those who made contact with Muslims
Confiscated the property/wealth of Muslims
Men who were married to Muslim women divorced them.

(12 x 1 = 12 marks)

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State any seven rights of children in Islam

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 3(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) State any seven rights of children in Islam (7 marks)

Rights of children in Islam

Right to Life
Right to Shelter
Right to Decent and proper clothes
Right to Food .
Right to Medical care/health care
Right to Nutritional care
Right to Proper upbringing ‘
Right to Good names
Right to Protection from outside aggression
Right to Education and spiritual wellbeing
Right to Proper environment to grow in
Right to Good friends/company
Right to Counselling and guidance
Right to Legitimacy should have a father
Right to Feed from legitimate sources. .

(7x1 = 7 marks)

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Give the conditions that an agreement has to fulfill for it to be binding to two parties according to Islam

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 3(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Give the conditions that an agreement has to fulfill for it to be binding to two parties according to Islam (8 marks)

Conditions an Agreement has to Fulfil for it to be Binding

The agreement must be mutual
Terms and conditions must be clear/should have no ambiguity
Must be done with good intentions
Should be flexible
All conditions of the agreement must be in conformity with Islam
It must be written (if possible)
It should be on permissible things/items
It must have witnesses
It must be binding to both parties
Must be contracted by mature and sound adults
The two parties should clearly understand the terms of the agreement and its legal implications

(8x1 =8marks)

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Identify five illegal ways of earning money according to Islam

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 3(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Identify five illegal ways of earning money according to Islam (5 marks)

Illegal ways of Earning Money

Stealing
Robbery
GambIing
Unsury(Ribaa)
Cheating
Bribery
Trading in prohibited goods/items
Forgery
Prostitution
Money laundering

(5 x 1= 5 marks)

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State any six Islamic rules that govern the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 2(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) State any six Islamic rules that govern the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims.(6 marks)

Islamic Rules that Govern the Relationship between Muslims and Non-Muslims

Muslims should have dealings with non-Muslims/treat them with fairness and justice
Should show tolerance to their behavior and life styles
Should have mutual respect
Should keep a good relationship/rapport with them e.g. greet them, have intervisits
Should have mutual consultations on common issues/matters
Should be no act of aggression against peaceful non-Muslims/peaceful co-existence/not persecute or oppress them
Should not make rude comments about them/speak behind their backs
Should mutually protect each other in times of need
Can conduct trade transactions with people of other faiths in Halai ways
Should assist/help non-Muslims in any way they can/should be kind and compassionate to them
Can interact with people of other faiths freely and with frankness/should avoid suspicions.

(6x1= 6 marks)

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Explain the importance of Eddat in Islamic Law

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 2(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Explain the importance of Eddat in Islamic Law (6 marks)

Importance of Eddat

It is an obligatory act for a woman following divorce or death of her husband/a form of worship
It is a show of respect to the deceased in the case of death
It is a time of reflection for the wife/husband
It ¡s a sign of the sanctity of the institution of marriage
A proof that there is no pregnancy from the woman’s previous/late husband
To avoid, unnecessary conflicts and disputes regarding the paternity of a child/children
In case of divorce, it accords he husband an opportunity to revoke divorce where it is revokable.

(6x1= 6mark)

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What is the significance of the law of Mirath (inheritance) in Islam?

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 2(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) What is the significance of the law of Mirath (inheritance) in Islam? (8 marks)

Significance of the Law of Mirath

It is divine command/command from Allah
It is a law that has stood the test of the time
It gives the rational for the distribution of wealth
It ensures fair distribution of wealth/prevents social and economic injustice/promotes social and economic equality
Makes it easy to distribute wealth
Ensures allocation of wealth to as many people as possible
It is a form of worship
It is gender sensitive. Ensures that female relatives get their share of wealth/equity in the distribution of wealth
Prevents conflicts/disposes among family members
There is reward over its implementation
There is a punishment over its neglect, if it is ignored.

(8x1 = 8 marks)

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State six roles on the Islamic code of dress.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 1(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) State six roles on the Islamic code of dress. (6 marks)

Rules on the Islamic Code of Dress

Dress should serve the purpose of beautification .
Should cover tile body
Should not be transparent
Should not depict body parts or body contours
Should be socially acceptable/not offensive to the community
Should not be extremely expensive .
Muslims should not wear what is prohibited e.g. silk and gold for men, prohibited hides
Men should not wear flowing attires
Should observe the principle of decency in dress
Men and women should wear their type of clothes - a man should not dress or adorn like a woman or vice versa .
Women should not display their beauty to foreigners/strangers (ajnabi) by wearing attractive and appealing dresses.

(6 x 1 =6 marks)

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Discuss the significance of Amr Bil Maaruf wa Nahvi Anil Munkar( Communicating good and forbidding evils in preventing social evils among Muslims.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 1(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Discuss the significance of Amr Bil Maaruf wa Nahvi Anil Munkar( Communicating good and forbidding evils in preventing social evils among Muslims.(10marks)

The significance of Amr bil Maaruf wa Nahyi Anil Munkar in the prevention of Evil

Creates awareness in Muslims of what is good and what is evil
Corrects weaknesses in individuals
Acts as a reminder of what is good and what is evil
Acts as a watchdog for individuals
Leads to uprightness and good behavior
It is an incentive to do what is good and to avoid evil
Leads to eradication of social ills in the society e.g. corruption, immorality, violence, indecency
Creates harmony, peace and brotherhood among Muslims
Promotes/cultivates values/virtues necessary for good co-existence in the community.

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Give any four basic principles of Islamic morality

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2009 Question 1(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Give any four basic principles of Islamic morality (4 marks)

Principles of Islamic Morality

Faith/belief in Allah
Fear of Allah
Adherence/obedience to Islamic teachings based on the Quran and Hadith/sunnah
Avoidance of prohibitions
Fulfilment of prescriptions
Alertness/guarding against committing sins/going against the teachings of Islam
Repentance/seeking forgiveness.

(4 x 1 = 4 marks)

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Characteristics of the Revealed Books.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 6(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Characteristics of the Revealed Books. ( 6 marks)

They are from Allah
They were revealed to the Prophets of Allah.
They all mention the origin of human beings.
They teach the Oneness/Unity of Allah/Creator.
They talk of existence of Angels.
They talk of the belief in the Prophets of Allah.
They talk of the existence of heaven and hell/reward and punishment.
They teach morals/values/virtues and condemn evil.
They teach on sanctity of human life/importance of human beings as the most important of Allah’s creation.
Enjoin good (right) and forbid evil (wrong).
They call people to the worship of One God and to stop idol worship.
Their teachings are simple and straight forward.

(6 x 1 = 6 marks)

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Significance of Belief in the oneness of Allah.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 6(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Significance of Belief in the oneness of Allah. (14 marks)

When one the believes in Allah, he surrenders all his life to Him and becomes his real servant.
This therefore makes him to fulfil God’s commands and eventually maintain law and order in society
Belief in Allah produces in a believer a high degree of self-respect and confidence. He/she knows that he/she depends on non other than Allah for the fulfillment of his/her needs.
Believes Allah alone has power to do good or harm on him/her.
Makes a believer humble and modest. He/her is never arrogant. He/her knows that everything is controlled by Allah. He is the one who gives and the one who takes away from one what he pleases.
It makes the believer to be dutiful and upright. The believer knows that everybody will be asked to give an account of his/her responsibility by Allah on the Day of Judgment. Therefore the believer should not feel proud and boastful when he/she has something.
Belief in Allah makes a believer contented for he knows that Allah will take care of all his/her needs if he/she is obedient and hardworking.
It makes the believer brave and courageous as he/she knows that it ¡s only Allah who safeguards and protects.
Makes a believer to be patient and persevering as he/she knows that whatever the problems,Allah will solve them eventually.
Make a believer submit completely to the will of Allah.
Liberates a believer from the worship of idols/false gods.
It is the basis on which believers unite regardless of race, colour, nationality or social status.
Inculcates good values/virtues. Builds good character based on piety and righteousness/Taqwa.
Inculcates tranquility and peace of mind in the believer.

(7x2 = 14 marks)

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Differences between Sharia and Secular law.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 5(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Differences between Sharia and Secular law. (10 marks)

Sharia	Secular Law
i) Sharia is from Allah/Divine Law	Made by man/man made law.
ii) It is universal	Not universal. Every country has its own laws.
iii)Cannot be changed to suit situations.	Is changed/reviewed to suit situations.
iv) It is a form of worship	Mere laws to govern/regulate human behaviour and relationships
v)One gets thawab both in this world and in the Hereafter.	Gives dignity and honour in this world only.
vi) Those who break Sharia can get away with it in this world but will be punished in the Hereafter.	A person can break the law and get away with it. .
vii) It is not based on favouritism. his applied to all people regardless of colour, race, class etc.	Can discriminate against some people.
viii) People will be held accountable both in this world and Hereafter.	People are only held accountable in this world/in this life only.
ix)Expanded by the prophetic tradition and Islamic Scholars using the Quran as a basis.	Expanded by ordinary human beings i.e lawyers using man made constitution (5x2=10 marks)

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How Zakat helps to promote National Development.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 5(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) How Zakat helps to promote National Development.(10 marks)

Distribution of Zakat helps in the fight against poverty/ helps in poverty alleviation
Zakat helps in circulation of money/currency.
Zakat helps in eliminating such crimes as stealing/theft thus creating security which is necessary and conducive to development.
Help in the maintenance of peace and harmony and good will among the Citizens which creates a good atmosphere for development.
It contributes to national budget as it is a form of tax.
Helps in creating jobs and employment opportunities.
Promotes equality/brotherhood/unity which are motivating ingredients for development.
Helps in bridging the gap between the rich and poor/haves and the have-nots/Helps raise the living standards of the poor and the marginalized.
Cleanses the soul against greed and ego thus helps in the fight against corruption.
Reduces debts as it helps debtors clear their debts

(5 x 2= 10 marks)

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Acts which nullify Saum

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 4(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Acts which nullify Saum (10 marks)

Menstruation. (heidh)
Sexual intercourse.
Anything entering through the mouth or any other opening/eating and drinking intentionally.
Ceasing to be a Muslim.
Vomiting intentionally.
Losing of senses by fainting.
Post-childbirth bleeding. (Nifas)
Ejaculation.
Having intentions to break saum.
Acts of lying/cheating.
Acts of backbiting/gossip.
Smoking.

(10 x 1=10 marks,)

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Conditions to be fulfilled before going for Hajj.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 4(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Conditions to be fulfilled before going for Hajj. (10 marks)

Should ensure that the expenses to be spent on Hajj are from lawful sources.
Must ensure that he/she has cleared all debts/must be free from debts.
Must make sure that he/she leaves behind enough money for the family expenses,
Should ensure that he/she has enough resources/means/money to undertake the Hajj.
A woman should be accompanied by a Mahram.
One should be sane/of sound mind.
One must be a free person.
Should bid farewell to relatives and friends.
Ensure that the way/route to Makkah/Hajj is safe.
Should have the knowledge of the performance of Hajj the rituals and regulations.
Should seek for forgiveness from those he/she has wronged.
Pilgrims should be mature and physically fit.

(10x1=10 marks)

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Criteria that can be used to detect a fabricated Hadith.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 3(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Criteria that can be used to detect a fabricated Hadith. (12 marks)

Does not quote what was said or done by the Prophet (p.b.u.h)
Cannot he traceable to the prophet (p.b.u.h) .
It is not in Arabic.
It ha broken chain of transmitters.
It may contain accusation on the Prophet or his Swahabas.
It may be illogical and not appealing to reason.
The narrator is not a pious Muslim.
It may contradict of he hadith on the same subject.
It may contradict the teaching of the Quran.
Narrators trustworthiness to transmit what he had heard may be ¡n doubt.
Hadith may contain detailed prophesies of future events with dates.
It may favour particular groups

(6x2 = 12 marks)

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Ways in which Hadith help Muslims regulate their behaviour.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 3(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Ways in which Hadith help Muslims regulate their behaviour. (8 marks)

Muslims are supposed to get their ways of behaviour from the Prophet (p.b.u.h).
The Prophet taught, by word aid deed on how Muslims should behave.
The Prophet’s whole life was exemplary for Muslims to emulate.
Hadith give guidance on how to behave in daily life and under different situations and circumstances.
Hadith give guidance on how people in society should relate e.g members of the family,neighbours, relatives, Muslims and non-Muslims, rich and poor etc.
Give guidance on how Muslims should treat those who need help e.g. widows, orphans, travellers.
Spell out the etiquettes to be observed by Muslims e.g manners of eating, sleeping,toileting, greetings.
Spell out how Muslims should relate to their leaders.
Spell out the values/virtues that Muslims should keep e.g humility, respect, honesty,cleanliness, patience, tolerance, simplicity.
Illustrate moral ideals e.g relationship between men and women.
When Muslims are. faced with a moral decision/dilemma they turn to Hadith for guidance.
Spell out how Muslims should relate to their creator.

(8x1 =8 marks)

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Lessons from Surah Al-Fil

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 2(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) Lessons from Surah Al-Fil. (6 marks)

The Kaaba is protected by Allah.
Muslims should put their trust in Allah/have faith in Allah.
Muslims should be humble/guard against pride.
Allah can use his creatures however small to destroy the enemy/evil.
The good triumphs over evil.
Allah is All-Powerful.
Nobody can go against Allah’s will

(6 x 1= 6 marks)

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Facts which prove that the Quran is from Allah.

22/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2009 Question 2(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Facts which prove that the Quran is from Allah.

Facts which prove that the Quran is from Allah.

The Quran challenges the disbelievers to produce anything like it.
The Prophet (p.b.u.h) was not literate/good orator and would not have produced the Quran.
The Quran has miracles that prove that it could not be the work of man.
During the time of the revelation of the Quran, poetry was at its climax, but non could manage the style of the Quran/match the style of the Quran.
It foretells events that are to come/foretells future events.
It does not contradict itself.

(5 x 2 = 10 marks)

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