I.R.E QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Discuss five achievements of Sayyid Qutb.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 6(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Discuss five achievements of Sayyid Qutb. (10 marks)

Achievement of Savyid Qutb

He is the philosopher whose ideas influenced/had profound influence on Muslims on how. they viewed Islam.
He was revolutionary .He condemned the prevailing social, political and economic injustices and emphasised that social justice could only be realised in Islam.
He advocated for establishment of Allah’s authority/order on earth, that is the Islamisation of the constitution,
He wrote against Western culture and its materialism and non-Islamic ideologies. This was as a result of his visit to the USA for further studies in education.
He developed a philosophy of education based on the Quran and Sunnah.
He fought against Arab nationalism and other ideologies and called for establishment of an Islamic state.
He devoted himself to bringing total change in the political system. He joined the Muslim brotherhood and became t h e editor of its newspaper where he contributed ideologies into the movement.
He was a great thinker of Islam and wrote commentaries on the Quran and many other books which have influenced the thinking of many Muslims.

(5 x 2 = 10 marks)

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Discuss Uthman Dan Fodio’s contribution to the development of Islam in Northern Nigeria.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 6(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Discuss Uthman Dan Fodio’s contribution to the development of Islam in Northern Nigeria. (10 marks)

Uthman Dan Fodio’s Contribution to the Development of Islam in Northern Nigeria.

He devoted his time to educating the masses on the fundamentals of Islam through public lectures, sermons in Gobir and surrounding areas. His teachings and exemplary- life (he led a simple life) attracted people to Islam.
He had a strong following, the Jamaa with whom he conquered large territories which he reorganized into a caliphate - Sokoto capital.
The establishment of the caliphate brought in peace and stability which were not only necessary for reconstruction but for the spread and development of lslam.
He revived and strengthened Islam in the Caliphate by giving it new impetus. The masses, abandoned their traditional practices (funeral, dress, eating) for the Islamic practices.
He was a scholar. He authoured many works in Hausa and Arabic which contributed to Islamic learning and intellectual development.
He reformed Islam by getting rid of and discouraging non-Islamic practices e.g. female circumcision, playing of music instruments.
He uplifted the social status of women and championed women education,His wives and daughters were well educated.
He was a fervert advocate of education for all (men and women). He encouraged the masses to have basic education in Islamic education by learning Fiqh, Tawheed and History. Learning spread through the Caliphate and new converts were able to read the Quran.
He advocated for pure Is lam and fought against extremism.
He appealed to the people to accept the schools of law (Madhabs).
His mastery of Arabic, Hausa, Fulani and Tuwadic languages made it easy for him to communicate his ideas and philosophy throughout the Caliphate.
He strengthened the relationship between his Caliphate and the rest of the Muslim world.
He established and strengthened his relationship with Muslim scholars.
His leadership and reforms had influence in the future generations -today Islam is strong in Northern Nigeria.
Through the efforts and influence of Dan Fodio many Nigerians -Hausas,Fulani, Nupe, Yoruba converted from the traditional African religion to Islam.
Islam in Northern Nigeria became the religion of the masses instead of being the religion of a small elite.
Muslim leaders from all over Northern Nigeria, mainly Fulani came to Uthman Dan Fodio to get blessings to carry out their own “revolutions" against the non-Islamic/nominal Islamic overlords and bring reform based on Islamic principles/His reforms inspired other leaders mainly Fulani to carry out similar reforms/revolutions in their areas.

(5x2 =10 marks)

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Explain five challenges Kenyan Muslims face in education.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 5(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Explain five challenges Kenyan Muslims face in education. (10 marks)

Challenges Kenyan Muslims Face in Education.

Inadequate schools sponsored by Muslims or owned by them.
Shortage of Muslim teachers and not enough trained and qualified teachers
Schools and other institutions of learning lack adequate facilities
Lack of tertiary institutions in the country where Muslims can continue with higher education
Schools situated in remote areas are far apart and inaccessible, children have to walk long distances to and from school. This affects their performance and attendance.
Poverty prevents many parents from sending their children to school as they cannot afford the fees and other levies.
Lack of awareness by some parents on the value of educating their children especially the girl chiId
Ineffective leadership which does not promote and encourage education among Muslims.
Political interferences and controversies in running schools.
Muslim children also attend Madrassa and Duksi alongside formal education, so they tend to be overworked and overburdened.
Marginalization of the regions predominantly occupied by Muslims in all areas of development including education.
Indifference and apathy by Muslims towards education as a result of marginalization.
Lack of finds to build schools and other educational facilities.
Lack of infrastructure in the areas occupied by Muslims makes it impossible to attract teachers and education sponsors to them.

(5x2 =10 marks)

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Discuss five reasons that led to the fall of the Fattimid Dynasty.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 5(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Discuss five reasons that led to the fall of the Fattimid Dynasty. (10 marks)

Reasons that led to the fall of the Fattimid Dynasty

Vastness of the empire made it difficult to administer law and order, this created divisions which led to the downfall. .
Khalifa Al-Qaim sold government offices to the highest bidders thus encouraging corruption in the administration.
Khalifa Al-Qaim used the oppression policy which resulted in revolts and this contributed to the fall of the Fattimids.
Disunity between Sunnis and Shia contributed to the weakening of the Fattimids.
Khalifa AL-Hakim was not tolerant towards other religions, he forced Christians and Jews to convert to Islam hence creating discontentment.
Khalifa Al-Qaim enforced the Ismaili' doctrines on everyone, and increased taxes, this created discontentment.
Al-Hakim introduced very strict measures e.g. he suppressed women, banned alcohol and gambling and this made him unpopular especially among t h e Christi an and Jews.
Khalifa Al-Hakim took pleasure in killing and torturing people and this led to the rise of the crusaders who campaigned against the Fattimid rule.
Turkish slaves kept as body guards by the Fattimids rulers gained power and overthrew the Fattimids.
Khalifa Al-Aziz patronised the Christians and Jews e.g allowed them freedom of religion and gave them high offices, this made him unpopular among the orthodox sunni who lost faith in the Fattimid rule.
Some rulers were weak and immature e.g. Al-Hakim hence could not control the empire effectively.

(5 x 2 = 10 marks)

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Mention five contributions of Ali bin Talib to the development of Islam.

21/3/2021

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[object Object]

(c) Mention five contributions of Ali bin Talib to the development of Islam. (5 marks)

Contributions of Ah bin Abi Talib to the development of Islam

Knowledgeable and among the best commentators of the Quran and master of the Arabic language.
Brave warrior who took part in all the battles fought by the prophet (P.b.u.h)
Acted as the prophets secretary during the treaty of Hudaibiya.
During his caliphate, he followed the pattern established by the first 3 Khalifas.
Was very simple, honest and contributed generously to the cause of Islam.
Was just and Treated his enemies fairly
Was a man of strong will power and determination was always ready to defend Islam.

(5x1 =5marks)

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State the effects of the Battle of Badr on the Prophet’s mission.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 4(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) State the effects of the Battle of Badr on the Prophet’s mission. (7 marks)

Effects of the Battle of Badr on the Prophet’s Mission

The defeat of non-Muslims by Muslims strengthened their confidence in Muhammad as a prophet of Allah.
It strengthened the Muslim’s faith in Allah and in Islam.
Muslims considered the victory over non-Muslims a victory from Allah/favour from Allah.
The security of Muslims was assured.
The victory was a symbol of defeat of falsehood and victory of truth/victory of truth over falsehood.
The victory strengthened the prophet’s position as an efficient and able religious and political leader,
The prophet gained more followers from those who were on the periphery as the victory was an assurance that Muhammad was indeed Allah’s prophet.
The victory of Muslims was very essential to the future of Islam
The victory limited plots and conspiracies against the Muslims from the internal front.
It gave the oppressed Muslims in Makka hope and confidence of freedom.
The victory gave Muslims confidence and courage to engage in future battles
It distinguished the hypocrites from true believers.

(7 x 1 = 7 marks)

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Describe the social conditions prevailing in Makka when Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h) was born.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 4(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Describe the social conditions prevailing in Makka when Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h) was born. (8 marks)

Social conditions Prevailing in Makka when the Prophet was born

Women were down trodden and oppressed and denied any rights.They were treated as property.
Baby girls were buried alive .
The weak and physically challenged had no rights.
Wine drinking and wild parties were the order of the day
Immorality, prostitution arid indecency were prevalent in the society
Rich men married as many wives as they possibly could and kept women/mistresses
Makka was the centre of trade/trade flourished as a consequence there was prosperity
Makka used to receive many visitors from other parts of Arabia who came to worship in the Kaaba and to visit the well of Zamzam.
Slavery was practiced and slaves were ill-treated and had no rights.
The haves/rich did not show compassion or consideration to the have nots/poor and the unfortunate in the society.
There were strong social based tribal affiliations and loyalties,
Among the Arabs lived a few Christians and Jewish communities.
The Makkans also believed there were innumerable, jinn and ghouls who inhabited objects of nature and society.

(8 x 1 = 8 marks)

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State four rules that a Muslim should observe before taking a loan from a bank.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 3(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) State four rules that a Muslim should observe before taking a loan from a bank. (4 marks)

Rules to be observed by a Muslim before taking a loan from a bank

Ensure that the bank is Shariah compliant
Ensure that the loan to be taken will not attract any interest
Prove that the money given as loan has been generated through lawful means i.e. the bank should not engage in haram acts to make profits.
Ensure that there are witnesses to the loan transaction.
The agreement on the loan between him/her and the bank should be written down Managers/custodians of the bank should be Muslims who understand the Shariah regarding loan transactions.
Should understand the terms of the agreement before signing for the loan.

(4x1=4 marks)

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Give six reasons why record keeping is important in business transactions.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 3(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Give six reasons why record keeping is important in business transactions.(6 marks)

Reasons why Record Keeping is Important in Business transactions

In obedience to the teachings of the Quran.
In keeping with the Sunnah of the Prophet.
To avoid any doubts about the transactions. Evidence that a transaction actually took Place.
To accord justice/fairness to both parties.
Prevent quarrels, disputes and misunderstanding.
Buildings trust between the parties/prevents mistrust and suspicions.
Promotes honesty in business/for transparency and accountability in business.
Shows that the transactions were made by mutual consent not by coercion by one party.
Gives information on how the business is performing/doing. Gives information on the financial position of the business.
To act as a future reference.

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Explain five ways in which Muslims in Kenya help in the reduction of poverty in their community.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 3(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Explain five ways in which Muslims in Kenya help in the reduction of poverty in their community. (10 marks)

Ways in which Muslims in Kenya help in the reduction of Poverty in their community

By the payment of Zakat. The payment of Zakat is obligatory as it is one of the five pillars of Islam. Muslims pay a certain fixed proportion of their wealth and on every kind of property liable for Zakat annually for the benefit of the poor in the community.
The payment of sadaqah. This is alms (or anything) given in charity to help the poor and needy in the community.
The application of Islamic Shariah to protect the properly of the most vulnerable in the society e.g widows and orphans. They are also safeguarded against exploitation and protected against human right abuses that could leave them destitute.
The work of Muslim charity organizations and non-Governmental organizations whose programmes are tailored to eradicate poverty and to help the less fortunate to improve their standards of living.
Muslims provide, promote and encourage the education and training of the youth so that they can be equipped with relevant knowledge and skills for gainful employment and for the development of the community. Education and training also enhance equity, economic growth and expansion of employment opportunities.
Muslim organizations and individuals provide bursaries and scholarships to Muslim children who cannot afford school fees. This helps all Muslim youths regardless of their class to benefit from education.
By providing polytechnics and other post school institutions where school leavers can be trained in technical/industrial/vocational and entrepreneurship knowledge and skill s for job employment or self-employment.
The contribution of Muslim entrepreneurs in commence and industry. These help in the creation of wealth and provision of employment for Muslims.
Through civic education where Muslims are sensitized in strategies of wealth creation e.g entrepreneur skills, proper management and use of resources, dignity of work, evils of corruption, preservation and conservation of the environment and natural resources.
Application of Islamic commercial law and ethics in business to safeguard the poor (and ignorant) from being exploited and cheated/the poor are accorded social justice.
Muslim politicians and human rights activists have been calling for and advocating for equitable distribution and allocation of resources and for the development (hence economic growth) and provision of necessary infrastructure and basic services (necessary bedrock in areas which had been neglected in the past). This will greatly benefit Muslims who live in those areas economically.
Muslims have formed self-help groups which initiate income generating projects. These projects a flow members to exploit their gifts, skills, talents creativity and potential for self development and the development of the community.
Muslims are involved and participate in community development activities meant to bring development in the community e.g. water projects, cooperative movements, agriculture/animal keeping projects which are catalysts to economic growth and development.

(5x2 = 10 marks.)

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State five rights a Muslim girl child.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 2(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) State five rights a Muslim girl child. (5 marks)

Rights of the Muslim girl child

To educated
to be provided with basic necessities
to inherit from her father brother
to play with peers/friends
to be protected from harm/injury e.g FGM: early marriage
to be brought up in an Islamic way.

(5x1 =5marks)

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Describe five conditions under which polygamy is allowed in Islam.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 2(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Describe five conditions under which polygamy is allowed in Islam. (5 marks)

Conditions under which Polygamy is allowed in Islam

If the first wife is unable to bear children/barren
If the first wife is sick.
If the wife cannot meet the conjugal rights of the husband.
If the man is in a position to provide for the wives/satisfy their material and emotional needs.
lf the husband should be ready to treat all the wives equally/equitably/justly,
When the population of women is higher than that of men.
To take care of widowed women
To eradicate single parenting.

(5x1=5 marks)

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What are the effects of divorce on the children?

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 2(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) What are the effects of divorce on the children? (10 marks)

Effects of Divorce on Children

Children go through a traumatic experience/shock/confusion
Children suffer psychologically and even tend to blame themselves for the divorce,
Children may develop resentment for both parents or for one of them.
Children may also be divided/torn between the mother and the father/tears the family apart.
Children may develop juvenile tendencies and other antisocial behaviour e.g drug and alcohol addiction.
They suffer from lack of identity.
May develop aggression, they throw tantrums, suffer withdrawal syndrome, hatred, resentment.
May develop criminal tendencies as a defence mechanism.
Their performance in school and in other activities may suffer/develop lack of concentration in school and in other activities.
May not be able to sustain relationships e.g friendships because of lack of trust,
May develop suicidal tendencies as a result of bitterness,
May lead to homelessness for the children.
Leads to poverty and want/hopelessness and dispair.
Children suffer from lack of confidence/self esteem,
Children become vulnerable to exploitation and abuse. .

(10x1 =10 marks)

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State five rules on walking according to Islamic teachings.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 1(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) State five rules on walking according to Islamic teachings. (5 marks)

Rules on walking according to Islamic teachings

Muslims should walk with humility, not with pride Q31:J8,Q 17:37
Muslims should be moderate in their walking, should neither rush or be too slow, should take the middle path Q31: 19.
When one comes across undesirable elements when walking, should lower his/her gaze Q24:30-31. Should not stare directly at undesirable elements e.g. a naked madman.
Remove unwanted obstacles on the way e.g thorns, nails, large stones, banana peelings etc.
Women’s style of walking should not attract the attention of men.
Women should always walk behind men so as to guard their modesty.

(5x1 =5 marks)

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"And those who when they spend, are neither extravagant nor niggardly, but hold a medium (way) between those extremes.” (Quran 25:67).With reference to the above verse from the Quran give five reasons why Islam condemns israaf (extravagance).

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 1(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) "And those who when they spend, are neither extravagant nor niggardly, but hold a medium (way) between those extremes.” (Quran 25:67).With reference to the above verse from the Quran give five reasons why Islam condemns israaf (extravagance). (5 marks)

Reasons why Islam condemns Israaaf

Israaf is against the teachings of the Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet/against Islamic morality.
It is an irresponsible use of resources/against the conservation of resources.
Denies other members of the family/community use of resources/rightful livelihood.
Develops greed, meanness, selfishness and craving in an individual.
Creates a division between the haves and the have nots/the rich and the poor.
One spends the wealth/resources at the expense of others e.g. family members,
May lead to mistrust/ill-feelings/hatred ma family, between individuals and the community.
Leads to forgetting/neglecting of religious obligations e.g. paying, Zakat and giving Sadaqah.
Leads to indulgence in unacceptable behaviour/acts e.g gambling, Zinaa, corruption, May lead to bankruptcy and poverty.
It shows lack of gratitude/appreciation to Allah.

(5x1 = 5 marks)

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Give five reasons why Muslims advocate abstinence in the prevention of HIV/AIDS.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 2 2010 Question 1(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Give five reasons why Muslims advocate abstinence in the prevention of HIV/AIDS. (10 marks)

Reasons why Muslims advocate Abstinence in the Prevention of HIV/AIDS

Quran condemns Zina (adultery and fornication) and advocates abstinence.
Failure to abstain from illicit sex is going against Islamic teaching and morality.
Fear of Allah - Those who-fear All ah will not engage in acts t h a t are forbidden.
It should be the responsibility of every Muslim to protect him/herself from HIV/AIDs infection as it is incurable. “Prevention is better than cure.”
Abstinence helps to safeguard a person’s Iman.
According to Islamic principles of morality, the unmarried should wait until they are married and the married should be faithful to their spouses.
Indulgence in Zina leads to other vices e.g. drug and alcohol abuse,lying,cheating,family breakdown,diseases,fights and quarrels and even death. Abstinence not only gives protection against HIV/AIDs but against other vices. .
Abstinence is in keeping with the teachings of the Prophet (P.b.u.h).
Even those who are infected should abstain in order to avoid further infection and from infecting others.
Use of condom is not acceptable to Muslims. It might lead to promiscuity in society.
Abstinence instills self discipline and responsibility to the Muslims,
It was practiced by prophets and their companions.
Muslims advocates abstinence as it was a message of all the prophets of Allah.

(5x2=10 marks)

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State the significance of the Day of Judgement to Muslims.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2010 Question 6(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) State the significance of the Day of Judgement to Muslims. (5 marks)

Significance of the Day of Judgment to Muslims.

The belief in the Day of Judgment strengthens Muslims faith in their creator Allah.
Induces Muslims to perform good deeds and avoid evil be cause they shall be held responsible for all their deeds, ,
Enables Muslims fulfil one of the articles of faith,
Instills the virtues of responsibility and patience as Muslims will be careful in their deeds and have patience in any trials because they know that there is reward for them,
Strengthens Muslims loyalty to their creator hence brings them closer to their creator.
Creates in a Muslim the fear of Allah and the urge to avoid bad deeds,
Encourages the virtue of justice among Muslims because they know that they will also be judged in the hereafter.
To make the religion have meaning to human beings knowing that they will be held accountable on the day of judgment

(5 x 1 = 5 marks)

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State the different manifestations of Shirk-al-Akbar.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2010 Question 6(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) State the different manifestations of Shirk-al-Akbar. (5 marks)

Different manifestations of Shirk-al-akbar

Worshipping other beings besides Aliah.
Making/selling/buying idols.
Supplication to other beings other than Allah.
Visiting graves for the purpose of worship.
Equating the power of human beings to that of Allah.
Invoking other names other than the name of Allah.
Believing that people have the power to protect or harm.
Believing/consulting witchdoctors, palm readers, sooth sayers.
Showing love which is due to Allah alone to others than Him.
Slaughtering in any other name other than Allah’s.

(5 x 1=5 marks)

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Explain five ways in which the Prophets of Allah facilitated divine guidance.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2010 Question 6(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Explain five ways in which the Prophets of Allah facilitated divine guidance. (10 marks)

Ways in which the Prophets of Allah facilitated Divine Guidance

Some were given revelation (hooks) which they passed on to the people.
They led exemplary lives for others to emulate/role models.
Preaching/teaching what was revealed to them.
Some had groups of companions whom they taught and sent out to teach/preach.
Some established places of worship.
Condemned sin in society and called peo2le to return to the right path.
Stood up against evil.
Condemned idol worship
Called people to the worship of Allah and Allah alone.
Through counselling and guidance on matters of faith..
They put up with hardships (persecutions) for the sake of Allah.
By remaining faithful to Allah and committed/devoted to their calling/mission/work.
Taught fear and obedience to Allah by abstaining from all that He has forbidden.
Brought the message of reward for those who obey Allah and punishment in hell fire for those who disobey Him.
Some-sent emissaries to take Allah’s message-to distant lands/rulers.
Some left wasiyya advising their people to remain faithful to Allah.
Most were given miracles which facilitated preaching of the message.

(5x2 = 10 marks)

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Discuss the significance of the freedom of religion to the Muslims in Kenya.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2010 Question 5(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) Discuss the significance of the freedom of religion to the Muslims in Kenya. (10 marks)

Significance of Freedom of Religion to Muslims in Kenya.

Muslims are able to practice their religion freely without any victimisation e.g can worship freely.
They are able to construct places of worship e.g. mosques and madrassas anywhere in the country and manage these places.
Sanctity of the places of worship e.g mosques and madrassas is upheld i.e. followers of other religions recognise and respect these places,
Muslims are able to form organizations for the welfare of their fellow Muslims e.g WAMY, SUPKEM etc.
They are free to express their opinions, wishes and stand on mailers affecting them e.g inclusion of the Kadhi’s courts in the new constitution.
They are free to travel out of the country for religious obligations e.g travel to Makka for Hajj and Umrah.
Free to celebrate religious ceremonies and festivals e.g. Milad Nabi, ldd-ul-Fitr,Idd-uI-Hajj.
They are able to wear/observe Islamic code of dress at the workplace, homes and in education institutions.
They are able to publish and sell Islamic books and other education materials.
They are able to use the electronic and print media to preach/teach the religion of Islam e.g through radio Rahma, Iqra FM etc
Provide religious instructions/Islamic Religious Education in’ education institutions right from primary level to university level.
Muslims receive government support in their undertakings e.g initiation of development projects in marginalised areas e.g North Eastern, Coast province where majority of people are Muslims.
Receiving equal treatment by the government/authority with people of other faiths
Are allowed to operate Islamic shariah banks, i. e First Community bank, Gulf Africa Bank

(5x2= 10 marks)

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Explain five ways in which Muslims can help promote peace in Kenya.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2010 Question 5(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Explain five ways in which Muslims can help promote peace in Kenya. (10 marks)

Ways in which Muslims in Kenya can help promote peace.

Following the teachings of the Quran on non-aggression against others/on living harmoniously with others.
Following the Sunnah and Teachings of the prophet (SAW) on Muamalat.
Praying for peace, reconciliation.
Helping the poor and the needy in the community through giving zakat and sadaqa and other social responsibilities.
Obeying the laws of the country.
Through teaching, preaching and advocating for peace in school, madrassas,mosques,
Treating people of other religious and cultures with tolerance, e.g living peacefully with them, assisting them,
Devising and applying conflict resolution mechanisms, e.g reconciling warring parties. .
Being loyal and patriotic to the nation.
Writing books, pamphlets, journals on matters of peace,
Use of electronic and print media to sensitize people and promote peace and reconciliation in the nation.

(5 x 2= 10 marks)

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Illustrate the recommended steps in the performance of Tayammum.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2010 Question 4(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) Illustrate the recommended steps in the performance of Tayammum. (4 marks)

Recommended steps in the performance of Tayammum.

Make Niyyah to perform Tayammum.
Make two heaps of clean earth/sand
Hit the first heap with the hands and pass the dusty hands over the face once.
Hit the second heap and rub the hands up to the elbows,

(4 x 1= 4 marks)

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State six privileges accorded to a Muslim traveller.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2010 Question 4(b) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(b) State six privileges accorded to a Muslim traveller. (6 marks)

The priviledges accorded to a Muslim traveller

Shortening of prayers
Combining of prayers
Rewarded for sunnah acts observed while travelling
Exempted from observing fast so long as the journey is within the distance permitted by Shariah.
Exempted from performing Salat at the stated times.
A traveller is entitled to Zakat in case he/she is stranded so long as the journey is halaal.
Permitted to eat food which is not halaal if he/she is going through hardships as a result of not getting food.
To be hosted by other Muslims
Exempted from performing Jum'aa prayers,
Exempted from performing Jamaa prayers.

(6 x 1 = 6 marks)

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Explain the five different types of Saum.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2010 Question 4(a) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(a) Explain the five different types of Saum. (10 marks)

Types of saum

Fardh - An obligatory fast observed during Ramadhan, the ninth month of the Muslim lunar year.
Qadhaa -A fast observed at another time in order to pay a fast that had been missed for some valid reasons during Ramadhan
Kafara -A fast observed for the redemption of sins committed.
Sunnah (optional) -Voluntary fasts a Muslim can observe on specific days of the year on such occasions as six days of Shawwal, ninth Dhul Hijja etc.
Nadhir (vowed) - A fast vowed to be observed under special circumstances e.g when a Muslim vows that if Allah blesses him/her with something e.g. passing exams, getting a job he will fast.
Nafl - These are purely voluntary fasts observed on any day except the forbidden days e.g. Friday alone.

(5x2 =10 marks)

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State four ways in which the Swahaba helped in the transmission of Hadith.

21/3/2021

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KCSE IRE Paper 1 2010 Question 3(c) with Answers and Marking Scheme.

(c) State four ways in which the Swahaba helped in the transmission of Hadith.(4 marks)

Ways in which the Swahaba helped in the Transmission of Hadith.

The Swahaba had excellent memories, they easily memorised what the prophet (p.b.u.h) did and said and passed it on/taught others.
Some of the Swahaba could read and write, they put in writing what the
Prophet (p.b.uh) said, did and taught and. this was read to their students and other people.
Some of the Swahaba were sent out as teachers (missionaries) to distant lands to teach/spread Tslam and Hadith was part of what they taught/spread.
The Swahaba moved to other places (as travellers, traders, migrants) with their knowledge of Hadith and taught it to those they came across/lived or settled among.
The Swahaba established learning centres/institutions where they taught Hadith.
The Swahaba’s love for the Prophet (p.b.u.h) and their desire to practice his exemplary life made them to strive to live perfect lives with minimum worldly pleasures and others learnt from them, (actions speak louder than words).
The application of their knowledge of Hadith to situations. When faced with challenges/problems/issues/decisions making, the swahaba used relevant Hadith to solve them.

(4x1 =4 marks)

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