GEOGRAPHY TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Differentiate between fishing and fisheries

7/10/2021

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Differentiate between fishing and fisheries

Fishing and fisheries

Fishing refers to search and exploitation of aquatic animals in water bodies both ocean and inland.
Fisheries refers to water bodies in which many types of fishes are found e.g. ponds, lakes, rivers, oceans and dams.

List three factors that influence fishing

Factors that influence fishing

The type of water
Depth of the water
Ocean currents
Nature of Coastline
Technology levels
Capital availability
Fishing culture
Ready market
Government support and policies

Name four finishing methods

Four fishing methods

Drifting
Trawling
Seining
Line fishing
Harpooning
Fishing baskets
Gill nets
Herbs
Traps

Explain the following terms;

i) Pelagiz fishing

Catching of fish that swim near the water surface

ii) Demersal fishing

Also called ground fishing. Carried out at the bottom of deep-water bodies like Seas and Oceans. Such fish live in ocean bed.

iii)Anadromous fishing

This is a type of fish which live in oceans but breed in fresh water bodies such as fish is caught as they migrate to breed.

iv) Crustaceans fishing

This kind of fishing involves fishing/ catching of other sea animals apart from fish e.g. lobsters, crabs, prawns, shrimps and snails.

Highlight four main differences in fishing in Japan and Kenya

Differences in fishing in Japan and Kenya

JAPAN	KENYA
Large market within the country and abroad	Small market mostly within Kenya
Large scale fishing	Small scale fishing
Deep sea fishing	Shallow fishing
Both Marine and inland fishing are carried out.	Marine fishing is not quite developed
Inland fishing is seasonal	Inland fishing is full time
Face little competition	Face stiff competition from other countries
Fishing vessels are large and can withstand tides.	Fishing vessels are smaller and are affected by tides
Fish marketing and processing is done by cooperatives.	Marketing and processing is mostly done by individuals.
Advanced technology for processing and preservation.	Low technology

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Name any two fishing grounds of the world

7/10/2021

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Name any two fishing grounds of the world.

N.E Atlantic
N.W Atlantic
N.E Pacific
N.W Pacific

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State three measures that have been taken to conserve fisheries in Kenya.

28/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2002 Section A Question 3.

a) State three measures that have been taken to conserve fisheries in Kenya.

The over fished areas are being restocked.
There are laws enacted against indiscriminate fishing / types of nests/ seasons for fishing areas free for fishing.
Special hatcheries have been set up for artificial fertilization of eggs pisciculture.
Disposal of effluent into fisheries is prohibited / control of water pollution through legislation.
Research is carried out of expand and improve fisheries
Institutions have been set up to train personnel to manage fisheries.

b) Give four reasons why Norway is a great fishing nation.

It has an extensive continental shelf.
Its water are rich in plankton
It has a long forded coastline which provides sheltered waters ideal of fishing / breeding ground for fish.
Cold climate / rugged terrain drove people to fishing
Norway has a long tradition in sailing and fishing
Its cool climate makes preservation of fish easy / it has advanced technology in fish preservation / fishing advance techniques.

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Explain three problems experience by fishermen while fishing in Lake Victoria.

26/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2003 Section B Question 9.

Use the map of North America (in question paper) to answer question (a)

a)i) Name two methods of fishing used in the shaded areas,

Trawling
Purse-seining
Drifting /gill net
Lining /Line /hook and line/longline

ii) Name two types of fish caught along the west coast of Canada

Salmon
Mackerel
Herring
Haddock
Flounder
Tuna
Sardine
Pilchard

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Explain three measures used to conserve fish in Kenya

21/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1999 Section B Question 8 with Answers.

The map below shows some major fishing grounds in the world. Use it to answer question (a)

(a) (i) Name the countries marked P and Q (2mks)

P- Norway
Q- Japan

(ii) Explain four conditions that favour fishing in the shaded coastal waters (8mks)

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Define the term fisheries

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section B Question 10.

(a) (i) Define the term fisheries

Fisheries are water bodies where exploitation of aquatic organisms is carried out.

(ii) Name two countries in Southern Africa that are important for marine fish production

South Africa
Angola
Namibia

(b) Explain four factors that favour the fishing industry in Japan

The cool waters are ideal for fish breeding because of the abundant supply of plankton / fish food
The coast has many off- shore islands which provide sheltered inlets ideal for the establishment of fishing port/ villages
The intended coastline provides secure breeding grounds for fish
The meeting of the warm Kuro Siwo and the cold Siwo Ocean currents result in upwelling of the sea water thus bringing minerals for the planktons from the sea bed to the surface
The mountainous nature of the country restricts agricultural activities hence fishing is an alternative economic activity
Most settlements are found along the coast and main occupation of the people there is fishing
The Japanese have advanced technology that is used in fishing, processing and preservation of fish
Japan has a large population which provides ready local market for fish.
Japanese have a long history of sea faring thus are highly experienced in fishing
The shallow continental shelf allows light to the sea bed for growth of micro- organisms which are food for fish
The cool waters encourages thriving of numerous species of aquatic life.

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Explain how the two ocean currents shown on the map influence fishing in the area shaded on the map other than ocean currents.

17/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2008 Section B Question 10.

Use the map of North-West Atlantic below to answer questions (a) and (b).

a) i) Name the country

Canada

ii) Explain how the two ocean currents shown on the map influence fishing in the area shaded on the map other than ocean currents.

The convergence of the warm and cold currents causes upwelling of ocean water which bring minerals for planktons to the surface attracting large number of fish to the area
The convergence of warm and cold currents modifies the temperature of the ocean water making the area ideal for fishing throughout the year
The cool waters favour survival of a wide variety of fish species which makes the area an important fishing ground

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Define the term fisheries.

10/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2011 Section A Question 2.

(a) Define the term fisheries.

Fisheries are water bodies where aquatic organisms/fish are found/reared for exploitations

(b) State three ways in which marine fisheries in Kenya can be conserved.

Restocking the overfished areas.
Standardizing the mesh size of nets to be used in fishing.
Licencing commercial fishermen to control their numbers.
Restricting fishing to specific seasons.
Restricting the disposal of untreated waste into the sea/control of water pollution.
Monitoring and discouraging the entry of foreign fishermen off the Indian Ocean waters.
Enforcing the International conventions to protect endangered fish species.

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Name two methods used in deep sea fishing.

7/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2012 Section A Question 2.

(a) Name two methods used in deep sea fishing.

Trawling
Drifting
Seining
Line fishing

(b) State three ways in which the government of Kenya is promoting the fishing industry.

Encouraging fish farming
Restocking overfished areas
banning indiscriminate fishing/enforcing the use of standardised nets/seasonal
ban of fishing to allow breeding.
Establishing research stations
controlling water hyacinth
dredging of silted lakes
looking for external markets for fish
Establishment of ministry of fisheries.

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Define the term fishing.

3/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2014 Section B Question 9.

(a) Define the term fishing.

It is the extraction/exploitation of aquatic animals/fish.

(b) Explain two ways in which each of the following factors negatively affects fishing in Kenya.
(i) Agricultural activities.

Poor fanning methods cause soil erosion thereby leading to siltation of the lakes/rivers which hinders the movement of fishing vessels/ death of fish.
Agro-chemicals used on farms were washed into the lakes/rivers thus polluting the water/kill fish/eutrophication.
Abstraction of water from the river/lakes for irrigation reduces the level of the water thereby limiting the types of fish species.

(ii) Water weeds.

The growth of the weeds on the surface of the water harbours dangerous animal/predators thereby scaring away the fishermen.
The weeds growing on the water form a thick barrier/insulate the water thereby hindering the amount of sunlight required for the growth of Planktons.
The weeds on the water choke the fishing vessels thus hindering their movement.
The weeds compete for oxygen with fish which leads to death of fish.

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List three traditional methods of fishing.

29/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2017 Section A Question 3.

(a) List three traditional methods of fishing.

Basket method
Spear / arrow/harpooning
Use of barriers/traps
Use of herbs
Gill nets
Hook and line
Use of lamp and net/lampara

(b) Give three similarities of fishing in Kenya and Japan.

In both countries fresh water and marine fishing are practiced.
Inshore marine fishing is practiced in both countries,
Both countries practice fish farming.
Overfishing is a problem in both countries.
Both use fish as a raw material
Both use modern fishing technology
Both consume fish locally and export.
In both countries fishing is supported by the government.

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Name two categories of fish.

28/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2018 Section A Question 1.

(a) Name two categories of fish.

Pelagic
Demersal
Anadromous.
Fresh water.
Salt water/ marine fish.

(b) Identify three methods of fishing that are used for deep sea fishing.

Trawling
Long line
Purse seining
Drifting.
Whaling/harpooning.

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State three reasons why marine fisheries in Kenya are underdeveloped

24/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section A Question 3.

a) State three reasons why marine fisheries in Kenya are underdeveloped.

The continental shelf is narrow
Poor transport connections to the fisheries
Local fishermen do not have adequate capital
The coastline is fairy straight/has few indentations
The water is too warm for fish breeding/ lack of up welling of water/shallow continental shelf
There is low demand for fish
The fishermen lack modern equipment/preservation facilities/storage facilities
Inadequate skills/inadequate research/technology
Competition from developed countries

Fish! Why is it difficult for Kenyans to find you in the ocean?

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Define the term Fisheries.

21/1/2021

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(a) Define the term Fisheries.

Fisheries are water bodies where exploitation of acquatic Organisms/life is carried out.

(b) Name three countries in Southern Africa that are important for marine fish harvesting.

South Africa
Namibia
Angola

(a) Define the term Fisheries. Fisheries are water bodies where exploitation of acquatic Organisms/life is carried out. (b) Name three countries in Southern Africa that are important for marine harvesting South Africa Namibia Angola

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