GEOGRAPHY TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Apart from Mwea, name three large irrigation schemes in Kenya.

25/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section B Question 7.

a) Apart from Mwea, name three large irrigation schemes in Kenya.

Ahero
Perkera
Galole/Hola/Bura
West Kamu
Mitunguu
Kibwezi
Daua
Katila
Bunyala
Taveta

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State three reasons why it is difficult to transport goods from Mombasa to Lagos along the highway.

25/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section B Question 8.

The map below shows the transport- Africa highway from Mombasa to Lagos. Use it to answer question (a)

a) i) Name the countries marked P and Q

P- Cameroon
Q- Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo).

ii) State three reasons why it is difficult to transport goods from Mombasa to Lagos along the highway.

Political differences/hostilities between the countries through which the highway passes
There are civil wars in the region
Tariffs charged at the border posts increase transportation costs
Parts of highway are incomplete/impassable during wet seasons/are similar goods
Different currencies are used
Long distance covered
Language barrier

b) Explain three problems facing rail transport in Kenya.

There is competition from other forms of transport road pipeline which are faster and flexible/ sometimes cheaper
Maintenance expansions costs of rail network in high thus some of the wagons used are old there has been little expansion of rails lines
There has been mismanagement of rail services leading to deteriorating conditions and lower income
Inadequate servicing of rail equipment wagons/lines has lead to frequent accidents derailments

c) Explain four ways through which the Kenyan government promotes internal trade.

The government has provided the necessary infrastructure such as roads and telecommunication which make it possible for the business community to easily market their products
The government facilities the organization of Trade Fairs/Exhibition/shows, to enable the business community to advertise their products
Removal of restriction of movement of goods produce/fixing air market days
Removal of price controls
Imposition of tariffs on imported goods to produce locally manufactured
The government facilities the organization of conferences/seminars, to enable the business community to exchange ideas on trade
The government through KBS maintains the quality of goods that are produced and sold through Kenya Bureau of standards (KBs).
The government provides credit facilities to the business community through institutions such as state banks
The government facilitates easy distribution of goods through organization such as Kenya national corporation.(KNTC).

d) Explain the three ways through which Kenya is likely to benefit from renewed East African Co-operation.

There is likely to be improved transport links between Kenya and other two countries (Uganda and Tanzania), which will facilitate faster movement of goods and passengers.
Trade in Kenya will likely to increase because expanded hinterland market / strong bargaining power.
There is likely to be more tourists visiting Kenya as a result of opening of boarders
There is likely to increase employment opportunities because of free movement of people
Expanded market will attract foreign investment which will lead to expansion of industries.
Exchange or research finding / training.

Name two conditions that are necessary for the formation of petroleum

24/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section A Question 4.

a) Name two conditions that are necessary for the formation of petroleum

Presence of sedimentary rocks
Presence of organic remains/fossils
Presence of pressure to compress or organic remains
Presence of porous rocks.

Petroleum processing plant somewhere on planet Earth

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State three reasons why marine fisheries in Kenya are underdeveloped

24/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section A Question 3.

a) State three reasons why marine fisheries in Kenya are underdeveloped.

The continental shelf is narrow
Poor transport connections to the fisheries
Local fishermen do not have adequate capital
The coastline is fairy straight/has few indentations
The water is too warm for fish breeding/ lack of up welling of water/shallow continental shelf
There is low demand for fish
The fishermen lack modern equipment/preservation facilities/storage facilities
Inadequate skills/inadequate research/technology
Competition from developed countries

Fish! Why is it difficult for Kenyans to find you in the ocean?

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Name two tourist attraction found in the Rift valley province of Kenya.

23/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section B Question 9.

a) (i) Define the term tourism.

Tourism is the visiting of places of interest for e recreational purposes

(ii) Name two tourist attraction found in the Rift valley province of Kenya.

The varied relief features.
Wild animals
Birds / flamingos
Hot springs / Geysers / Fumaroles /Geothermal
Vegetation
People culture
Pre- historic sites /Historical sites e.g. Kapenguria
Mining sites
Sports tourism e.g. fishing

Somewhere in Baringo

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Study the photograph below and use it to answer the question (a)

23/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section B Question 6.

Study the photograph below and use it to answer the question (a)

a) i) Name the type of photograph given above.

Ground general view ground photograph

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State four factors that have influenced the development of industries in Eldoret town.

23/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section A Question 5.

State four factors that have influenced the development of industries in Eldoret town.

Market in Eldoret Town

Availability of labour
Availability of agricultural raw materials
Well developed transport links with other parts of the country
Availability of ready market
Availability of power
Government policy
Extensive plan for expansion

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State three physical factors which influence the location of settlements

23/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section A Question 2.

a) State three physical factors which influence the location of settlements. (3mks)

Availability of water supply/ good drainage
Availability of land/space
Nature of relief
Suitability of climate/good rainfall
Absence of pest and diseases/health environment fertile soils

b) Use the sketch map below to answer questions (i) and (ii)

Name the main settlement pattern in:

i) The northern part of the area represented by the map.

Clustered/Nucleated

ii) The southern part of the area represented by the map.

Linear

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Name two breeds of dairy cattle reared in Kenya

23/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 1997 Section A Question 1.

a) Name two breeds of dairy cattle reared in Kenya(2mks)

Guernsey
Jersey
Friesian
Ayrshire
Zebu Swiss brown

Ayrshire

b) State three factors which favour dairy farming in Denmark (3mks)

Well-developed co-operative movement
Availability of market for dairy produce
Availability of extension services
Suitable climate/moderate temperature
Handy fodder/ pasture
Advanced technology/specialization
Mechanization

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Describe the climate conditions experienced in the Kenya highlands

22/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 1997 Section B Question 7.

a) Draw sketch map of Kenya on it, mark and name the

(i) Lake Turkana (1mk)
(ii) River Athi (1mk)
(iii) Mount Kenya (1mk)
(iv) The equator (1mk)

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Give three examples of chemically formed sedimentary rocks

21/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 1997 Section B Question 9.

a) Give three examples of chemically formed sedimentary rocks. (3mks)

Likmonite – chert
Travertine / tufa
Dolomite
Rock salt
Gypsum
Haemitite
Trona

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With the aid of well labeled diagrams, describe the processes involved in the formation of a corrie lake

21/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 1997 Section B Question 8.

a) With the aid of well labeled diagrams, describe the processes involved in the formation of a corrie lake. (8mks)

The pressure pre-existing depression on the mountain side.
Snow gets compacted into ice forming a cirque glacier.
The snow accumulates in the depression
Frost action / alternating freeze – thaw action enlarges the hallow
Abrasion / scouring action at the bottom of the glacier deepens the hallow
Plucking process steepness’ the back wall
Eventually a deep armchair shaped depression known as a corrie fills up with melt water forms a corrie lake.

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Study the map provided (Kericho 1:50,000 sheet 117/4) and answer the following questions.

21/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 1997 Section B Question 6.

This map is available in a secondary school near you.

Study the map provided (Kericho 1:50,000 sheet 117/4) and answer the following questions.

a)
(i) What feature is found at grid reference 691700? (2mks)

Peak of a hill / trigonometric station

(ii) Name two man-made features found in Grid square 6269. (2mks)

A school
Main tracks / motorable track / foot path

(iii) Measure the length of the dry weather road E222 from the junction at Kipchimchim (grid reference 530640) to the junction with all weather road in the grid square 5863, Give your answer in kilometers (2mks)

6.25km 0.1 (6.15 – 6.35)

b) Using a scale of 1cm to represent 50m, draw a cross-section form grid reference 570670 to grid reference 620670 and name the following:
(i) A river
(ii) A motorable track
(ii) Houses (6mks)

Cross – section from 570670 to 620670

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Differentiate between weather and climate

21/1/2021

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a) Differentiate between weather and climate (2 mks)

Weather is the atmospheric conditions of a place over a short period of time, usually twenty- four hours , whereas climate is the average weather conditions of a given place over along period of time, usually 30-35 yrs.

The graph below shows climatic characteristics of a station in Kenya. Use it to answer the following questions

i) Calculate the annual range temperature. (1mk)

The annual range of temperature is 15⁰C

ii) Calculate the total amount of rainfall received at the station (1mk)

Total amount of rainfall is 1300mm

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What is mass wasting? State five factors which influence mass wasting.

21/1/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 1997 Section A Question 4.

a) What is mass wasting? (1 mks)

It is the creeping , flowing , sliding or falling of rocks and weathered material
Under the influence of gravity / Downward movement of the rock materials along Slopes under influence of gravity.

What is mass wasting?

b) State five factors which influence mass wasting. (5 mks)

Angle of slope / gradient
Nature of materials / nature of underlying rock
Human activities
Earth movement /Tectonic movement
Climatic conditions
Presence or absence of vegetation
Amount of water in the material

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