​(a) (i) Give the two dates in a year during which the number of hours of darkness is equal in both the north and south poles.

​(ii) Why do the lengths of days and nights vary from one part of the earth to another?

(b) The diagram below shows the revolution of the earth around the sun. Use it to answer the questions that follow

​ a) What is the solar system?

​b) Use the diagram below to answer the questions that follow.

​i) What type of eclipse is represented by the diagram?

ii) Name the features marked L and M

 a) What is latitude? 

​b) What is the time at Hola on 40°E when the time at Tema on 0° longitude is 12.00 noon?

(a) Name two theories of the origin of the earth 

(b) Name four layers of the earth’s atmosphere 

​The diagram below shows the composition of the solar system

​(a) Name the planets marked F and G 

​(b) State three effects of the rotation of the earth on its axis 

​The diagram below represents the structure of the earth. Use it to answer question

​(a) Name
(i) The parts marked P and Q 

(ii) The discontinuity marked R 

​(b) State three characteristics of the mantle 

​(a) State two effects of the rotation of the earth 

​(b) Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow

​(i) Which movement of the earth is represented by the diagram? 

​(ii) Give two effects of the movement represented by the diagram 

a) The diagram below shows an eclipse. 

​Name the features marked V and W. 

b) State four proofs that the shape of the earth is spherical. 

​​(a) (i) In your answer booklet, name  the air current marked E

​(ii) Why does the air cools as it rises

​(b) Give the reason why air cools as it rises

​Give four proofs that the earth is spherical

Photographs taken from the outer spaces/ satellite show the curvature of earth During the eclipse  of the moon, the earth casts a spherical – shaped shadow on the moon The earth’s horizon is curved as evidence  by approaching ships whose funnels and masts appear on the horizon before the rest of the ship is seen from the coast. Circumnavigation of the earth  along a straight path will spring one back to the same starting point from the opposite direction. All others planets including the moon are spherical, therefore the earth’s  being one in the solar system  must be a similar shape. The rising and setting of the sun earlier than those to the earths’ rotation  leads to places in the east seeing the sun earlier than those to the west. If the earth was flat all places would receive sunlight at the same  time. (Any 4x 1 = 4 mks)

 Use the diagram below to answer the questions that follows

Outline the process though which the moist winds shown go through to eventually become dry winds

Give three components of the solar system.​

 (a) What is land breeze? 

​(b) Give two ways in which sea breezes influence the adjacent land.

The diagram below shows the angles of the sun’s rays at different latitudes when the sun is at the equator. Use it to answer questions (a) and (b).

(a) Name the parts of the earth’s surface marked J and K. 

​(b) Give two reasons why the intensity of the insolation is higher at M than at N.

(a) Name the two layers of discontinuity that are part of the interior structure of earth. 

​(b) State three characteristics of the outer core in the interior structure of the earth.