GEOGRAPHY TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - ATIKA SCHOOL

Explain how the following factors influence the amount of underground water in limestone areas:

1/2/2021

KCSE Geography Paper 1 2015 Section B Question 10.

The diagram below represents an artesian basin. Use it to answer question (a).

The diagram below represents an artesian basin. Use it to answer question (a). (a) Identify: (i) the layers marked X and Y. (ii) the process marked Z.

(a) Identify:
(i) the layers marked X and Y.

x - Impermeable rocks
y-Aquifer

(ii) the process marked Z.

z - Percolation

(b) Explain how the following factors influence the amount of underground water in limestone areas:
(i) rainfall;
(ii) vegetation cover.

(i) Rainfall

When rains last for long hours it enhances infiltration thereby replenishing the underground water sources.
Heavy rains saturate the surface blocking air spaces thus reducing the rate of infiltration/leading to low amount of underground water.
Little rainfall/no rainfall leads to low amount of under ground water.

(ii) Vegetation cover

Presence of vegetation cover reduces the speed of surface runoff hence increasing the rate of infiltration/leading to high amount of underground water.
Presence of vegetation cover breaks the force of raindrops giving water more time to infiltrate hence increasing the amount of underground water.
In areas of scanty vegetation/on bare ground the surface runoff is high hence reduce rate of infiltration/leading to low amount of underground water.
Presence of vegetation cover provide shade in the ground reducing direct loss of water through evaporation hence increasing the rate of infiltration leading to high amount of underground water.

The diagram below shows some features found in a Karst scenery

21/1/2021

KCSE Geography Paper 1 1997 Section A Question 3.

The diagram below shows some features found in a Karst scenery

Name the features marked X,Y and z (3mks)

X – Stalactite
Y – Stalagmite
Z – pillar / limestone pillar / limestone column

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