​(a) (i) Differentiate between internal and regional trade. 

​(ii) List three major exports from Kenya to the European Union (EU).

(a) (i) Distinguish between a game sanctuary and a national park.

(ii) Draw a map of Kenya and on it mark and name Sibiloi National Park, Maasai Mara National Reserve and Tsavo National Park.

(b) (i) Give three factors that favour the establishment of national parks in the semi-arid areas of East Africa.

(a) (i) Apart from uranium, give two other non-renewable sources of energy.

​(ii) State two advantages of using uranium as a source of energy.

​(b) (i) What is energy crisis? 

(a) (i) Apart from draining swamps, give two other methods through which land has been reclaimed in Kenya.

​(ii) Give two methods that are used to drain swamps in Kenya.

​(b) (i) Name two rivers that supply water to the Mwea Tebere Irrigation Scheme.

​Study the photograph below and answer questions (a) and (b).

​(a) Name:
(i) the mining method shown in the photograph;

​(ii) two minerals that may be mined using the method shown in the photograph.

​(b) (î) Using evidence from the photograph, give four indicators that show that the weather was hot when the photograph was taken.

​(a) Name two proposed major highways in Africa. ​​

(b) Give three reasons why it is not possible to transport goods by road directly between Mombasa and Lagos.

(a) Why is Kenya’s petroleum refinery located at Mombasa? 

(b) State four characteristics of the cottage industry in India. 

(a) Name two forest reserves found in the coastal region of Kenya. 

(b) State three ways in which the clearing of forests has affected the natural environment in Kenya.

(a) What is mixed farming? 

(b) State four physical conditions that favour cocoa growing in Ghana.

Give three reasons why it is important to study Geography.

The diagram below represents a well developed soil profile. Use it to answer question (a).

(a) (i) Describe the characteristics of horizon B.

(ii) Apart from humus, name three other components of soil.

​(iii) State three ways in which humus contributes to the quality of soil.

(a) Differentiate between river rejuvenation and river capture.

(b) Give three features resulting from:

​(c) Explain the four ways through which a river transports its load.

(a) Describe plucking as a process in glacial erosion.     

​(b) Explain three conditions that lead to glacial deposition. 

(c) The diagram below shows features resulting from glacial deposition on a lowland area.

​(i) Name the features marked X, Y and Z.   

The map below shows some vegetation regions of the world. Use it to answer questions (a) and (b). coniferous forest

(a) (i) Name the temperate grasslands marked D, E and F.    

(ii) Describe the characteristics of the natural vegetation found in the shaded area marked G.

Study the map of Homa Bay (1 50,000) sheet 12912 provided and answer the following questions.
(a) A pipeline is to be laid from Lake Victoria along the line marked X-Y.

(i) What is the length of the piping to be used? (Give your answer to the nearest 100 metres)  

(ii) Calculate the bearing of point Y from point X.