GEOGRAPHY TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Define the term fisheries

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section B Question 10.

(a) (i) Define the term fisheries

Fisheries are water bodies where exploitation of aquatic organisms is carried out.

(ii) Name two countries in Southern Africa that are important for marine fish production

South Africa
Angola
Namibia

(b) Explain four factors that favour the fishing industry in Japan

The cool waters are ideal for fish breeding because of the abundant supply of plankton / fish food
The coast has many off- shore islands which provide sheltered inlets ideal for the establishment of fishing port/ villages
The intended coastline provides secure breeding grounds for fish
The meeting of the warm Kuro Siwo and the cold Siwo Ocean currents result in upwelling of the sea water thus bringing minerals for the planktons from the sea bed to the surface
The mountainous nature of the country restricts agricultural activities hence fishing is an alternative economic activity
Most settlements are found along the coast and main occupation of the people there is fishing
The Japanese have advanced technology that is used in fishing, processing and preservation of fish
Japan has a large population which provides ready local market for fish.
Japanese have a long history of sea faring thus are highly experienced in fishing
The shallow continental shelf allows light to the sea bed for growth of micro- organisms which are food for fish
The cool waters encourages thriving of numerous species of aquatic life.

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Explain four effects that the increase in oil prices has had on the economies of the oil- importing countries of Africa.

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section B Question 9.

Use the map of Africa below to answer question (a) (i)

(ii) Explain four ways in which Kenya has benefited from the development of the seven forks hydro- electric power scheme. (b) (i) Apart from oil, name two other non-renewable sources of energy (ii) Explain four effects that the increase in oil prices has had on the economies of the oil- importing countries of Africa. (c) State four ways in which Kenya reduce the use of petroleum as a source of energy

(a) (i) Name the power dams marked J,K and L

J - Aswan high dam
K - Akosombo dam
L - Kariba dam

(ii) Explain four ways in which Kenya has benefited from the development of the seven forks hydro- electric power scheme.

It has led to control of floods in the lower parts of river Tana, thus reducing the incidents of loss of life and farm produce in the area.
The dams are used for generating electricity which is used for industrial and domestic purposes
The dams are tourists attractions which generates foreign exchange for the country
The scheme led to the development of industries thus creating employment opportunities
Some of the dams in the scheme provide water for irrigation thus improving agricultural production
The reservoirs provide fishing grounds which supply fish to the local people
It has led to the improvement of roads making the area more accessible
It has led to the reduction of importation of power, thus saving the foreign exchange
The dams have provided useful sites for educational purposes

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The diagram below represents the functional zones of urban centre. Use it to answer question (a)

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section B Question 8.

The diagram below represents the functional zones of urban centre. Use it to answer question (a)

(a) Name the zones marked x and y

X- Industrial zone/ lower class housing
Y- Suburb area

(ii) List three functions of the central Business District

Trading
Administration
Recreation
Commerce/ banking/ insurance
Offices
Location of light industries

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Use the map of East Africa below to answer question (a) (i)

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section B Question 7.

Use the map of East Africa below to answer question (a) (i)

(a) (i) Name the national parks marked P, Q, and R

P - Ruwenzori
Q - Serengeti
R - Tsavo

(ii) Explain the difference between the tourist attractions in East Africa and Switzerland under the following sub- headings.

Culture

In East Africa, there are varied/ a diversity of African cultures while in Switzerland the main culture is European

Climate

While the climate of East Africa is warm and sunny most of the year, encouraging sun bathing in Switzerland there are cold winters which enable winter sports and hot summers that expose beautiful sceneries

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The graph below shows percentage value of some export commodities from Kenya between 1999 and 2003. Use it to answer questions (a) and (b)

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section B Question 6.

The graph below shows percentage value of some export commodities from Kenya between 1999 and 2003. Use it to answer questions (a) and (b)

(a) (i) What was the percentage value of the tea exported in the year 2000?

29.3% ( 29 – 29.5%)

(ii) What was the difference in the percentage values of the horticultural products and coffee exports in 1999?

5% (4.8 – 5.2%)

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State two reasons why some industries are located near the sources of raw materials

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section A Question 5.

(a) State two reasons why some industries are located near the sources of raw materials

The raw materials may be too bulky and thus expensive to transport
Some raw materials are perishable so they have to be processed before transportation
Processing reduces transport costs

(b) Give three characteristics of the cottage industry in India

Some rely on simple equipment/ machines
Most are labour intensive
Some are owned by families
Some use locally available raw materials
Some produce mainly for local markets
Mostly are widespread in the country

(a) State two reasons why some industries are located near the sources of raw materials (b) Give three characteristics of the cottage industry in India

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State three physical conditions that are necessary for the growing of cocoa

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section A Question 4.

(a) State three physical conditions that are necessary for the growing of cocoa

High temperatures / 25.30°C
High rainfall / 1,200 – 1,500mm
Well distributed rainfall throughout the year
Deep, well drained, fertile soils
High relative humidity
Shade from strong sun rays for seedlings
Shelter from strong hamattan winds
Undulating lowlands below 750m above sea level

(b) Give three economic problems experienced in cocoa farming in Ghana

Fluctuation of prices in the world market
Competition from other land uses
Inadequate labour during harvesting
High production costs
Competition from other beverages

(a) State three physical conditions that are necessary for the growing of cocoa (b) Give three economic problems experienced in cocoa farming in Ghana

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The table below represents information on population change in Kenya by province between years 2000 and 2005

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section A Question 3.

The table below represents information on population change in Kenya by province between years 2000 and 2005

(a) Which province had the highest change in population between 2000 and 2005?

Rift valley

(b) Calculate the percentage increase in population in Kenya between 2000 and 2005

10.795%

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Give two methods used to reclaim land in Kenya

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section A Question 2.

(a) Give two methods used to reclaim land in Kenya

Irrigating dry land
Draining of swamps
Adding manure to the infertile soils
Introducing drought resistant crops
Planting of trees

(b) Outline the stages through which land is reclaimed from the sea in the Netherlands

Part of the low lying land covered by sea water is enclosed using strong walls/dykes
Ditches are constructed to lead water to pumping station
The water is pumped out using windmills
Canals are then dug to drain the excess water from the enclosed land
Chemicals are added to the soil to reduce salinity/ fresh water is pumped into the enclosed land to reduce salinity
Oats, rye and sugar beets are planted to improve the PH of the soil and reduce the water further
The land is dry and ready for use

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Differentiate between transport and communication

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 2 2006 Section A Question 1.

(a) Differentiate between transport and communication

Transport is the movement of goods and people from one place to another while communication is the transmission of ideas of information from one person to another.

(b) State three causes of the decline in the use of letter writing as means of communication in Kenya

The high rate cost of postage
Competition from cheaper and faster means of communication
The delay in the delivery of letters
Loss of letters
Tampering with letters

(a) Differentiate between transport and communication (b) State three causes of the decline in the use of letter writing as means of communication in Kenya

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What is soil catena?

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 2006 Section B Question 10.

a) (i) What is soil catena?

Soil catena is the sequence of different soils from the same parent rock on a slope

(ii) Draw a labeled diagram to show a well developed soil profile.

(iii) State three characteristics of the soils found in the arid regions of Kenya.

Some soils are light in colour
Some are saline
Mostly are sandy/ stony
Some are loose in texture
Some are thin
Some have low moisture content

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The diagram below represents zones of natural vegetation on a mountain in Africa. Use it to answer question (a) (i) and (ii)

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 2006 Section B Question 9.

The diagram below represents zones of natural vegetation on a mountain in Africa. Use it to answer question (a) (i) and (ii)

a) (i) Name the vegetation zones marked W, X and Y.

W - Rain forest
X - Bamboo forest
Y - Health and moorland

(ii) Describe the characteristics of the savanna vegetation.

Savannah vegetation consist of trees and grass
Wetter areas/ near the forests the vegetation consists of tall scattered trees similar to those found in the forest/ woodland
The wetter areas also have fall thick grass
Gradually, away from the forest, the trees become fewer and shorter
The grass also becomes shorter
In drier areas the trees are short and more scattered
Some trees are deciduous type
Most of the trees are umbrella- shaped
The most common trees species are the acacia and other thorny trees.
Where rainfalls is lowest, grass is tufted and coarse/ scrub
There are scattered baobab trees and other drought resistant trees
Along river valleys there are tall trees/ riverine trees and thick bushes

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What is an ice sheet?

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 2006 Section B Question 8.

(a) (i) What is an ice sheet?

It is a continuous mass of ice covering a large area/ surface

(ii) Give two reasons why there are no ice sheets in Kenya

Kenya experience high temperatures under which ice- sheets cannot from
Most parts of Kenya have low altitudes
Kenya is found at low latitudes

(iii) Explain three factors that influence the movement of the ice from the place where it has accumulated

Gradient of the land- Ice moves faster when the slope is steep
Temperatures/ seasonal changes-Higher temperatures result into thawing, leading to faster movement of ice
Nature of the surface – when the surface on which ice is moving is rough, it causes friction lowering the speed of the movement of ice
Size/ thickness of glacier – large masses of ice exert pressure which lead to melting of ice underneath. This increases the speed of ice movement

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What would be the advantages of dividing the class into groups according to the stages of the long profile of a river?

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 2006 Section B Question 7.

The diagram below shows river Mandera. Use it to answer question ( a)

(a) (i) Name the process that take place at each of the points marked P and Q.

Point P: deposition
Point Q: erosion

(ii) Name the feature formed at the point marked R

A cliff / bluff

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Study the map of Nyahururu, 1: 50,000 (sheet 105/4) provided and answer the following questions

19/2/2021

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KCSE Geography Paper 1 2006 Section B Question 6.

(a) (i) Give the six figure grid of the junction where the road to Ndaragwa (D 388) meets with the road to Nyeri & Nanyuki (B5)

114031

(ii) Calculate the bearing of point X from point Y

312° - 314°

(iii) Name three physical features found along the line XY

River
River valleys
Scarp slope/ escarpment/ scarp face
Gentle slope
Seasonal swamp
Woodland vegetation

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