GEOGRAPHY TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Apart from water and air pollution, name two other types of pollution

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2001 Section B Question 9.

(a) (i) Apart from water and air pollution, name two other types of pollution.

Land pollution/ soil. Ground
Noise pollution/ sound
Thermal pollution
Radiation

(ii) Identify three ways through which water is polluted

Discharge of industrial waste/ oil spillage/ radioactive waste into water bodies
Disposal of domestic waste into water bodies
Discharge of agriculture chemicals into rivers/ lakes by rain water
Discharge of raw sewage into water bodies
Abuse of water bodies by human beings
Natural causes e.g. soil erosion/ terrestrial gas

(iii) Explain three effects of air pollution on the environment

Gases emitted from some factories contain substances which corrode roofs of houses and mental structures
Some gases from factories contain substances which dissolve in water to form acid which make plants maim or kill animals
Inhalation for smoke and soot particles / bad smell lead to discomfort / irritation of the respiratory system / discolouring of vegetable / building.
Gases emitted from factories may contain poisonous substance which can lead to poor health / death when inhaled /plant leaves turn yellow.
Gases / excess carbon dioxide increases the temperature affecting the climate of the affected areas / depletion of O – Zone layer.
Smoke / dust / smog reduces visibility which way lead to motor accidents.
Dust particles that settles on leaves inhibits photosynthesis

(a) (i) Apart from water and air pollution, name two other types of pollution (ii) Identify three ways through which water is polluted (iii) Explain three effects of air pollution on the environment (b) (i) Explain three factors that lead to frequent flooding in the lake region of Kenya (ii) Explain two ways through which floods are controlled in the lake region of Kenya (c) State four effects of wind as an environmental hazard in Kenya

0 Comments

Below a sketch of the map of the great lakes- St. Lawrence Seaway. Use it to answer question (a)

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2001 Section B Question 8.

Below a sketch of the map of the great lakes- St. Lawrence Seaway. Use it to answer question (a).

(a) Name (i) The lake marked L

Lake Superior

(ii) The waterfall marked M

Niagara falls

0 Comments

Explain four problems that Mombasa experiences as it grows

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2001 Section B Question 7.

Use the map of East Africa below to answer questions

(c) Compare the ports of Mombasa and Rotterdam under the following subheadings (i) Transport links to the interior (ii) Mechanization of the ports (iii) Size of the ports (iv) Climate experienced at the ports

(a) Name the towns marked P,Q and R

P – Kampala
Q – Nakuru
R- Dar – el- Salaam

(b) (i) Explain three physical factors that influence the location of Mombasa

Its strategic position of the East coast of Africa was an ideal calling point for traders to and from the far East
The island provides a good defensive site against external threats
The flat land was ideal for construction of buildings
The deep water on Mombasa and Kilindini channels provided a natural harbour for traders
Rivers Mwachi / Kombeni provided fresh water for domestic use
The coral limestone found in the area was used as building stones for houses

0 Comments

Study the photograph below and use it to answer questions (a)

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2001 Section B Question 6.

Study the photograph below and use it to answer questions (a)

(a) (i) Name the type of photograph shown

Ground photograph/ ground general view

(ii) Draw a rectangle measuring 15cm to 10cm to represent the area of photograph.

0 Comments

Name three components of soil

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 1 2001 Section B Question 9.

(a) Name three components of soil.

Air/ gases
Water/ moisture
Organic matter minerals
Inorganic matter/ minerals

(b) Explain how the following factors influence the formation of soil
(i) Climate
(ii) Topography

(i) Climate

Rainfall provides water which make it possible for rocks to decay/ disintegrate to form soil
Rainfall can affect the rate at which some soil forming processes can occur e.g leaching
High temperature increase the rate of weathering/ accelerate the rate of bacterial activities which generates some of the organic matter in the soil
Water, ice and winds, erode, transport and deposit soil particle in other area leading to the formation of new soil ( e.g losses)

(ii) Topography

Valley bottoms/ gentle slopes encourage the formation of deep and fertile soils due to deposition accumulation of materials
Steep slopes encourages erosion of the top layer of soil that slowing down formation of soil / have a thin soils
Flat plains/ flood plains are saturated with water therefore slows down forming process
Slow influence arrangement/ sequence of soil
Slopes scopes are more exposed to the sun/ rain which influence weathering of parents rock/ soil forms

(c)(i) State two economic uses of soil

Soils are sources of valuable minerals
Soils are used as raw materials for pottery/ ceramics/ bricks
Soils are used in building/ construction of industry
Soils are used for agriculture
Some soils are mixed with herbs for medicine purposes
Used directly as cattle lick

(a) Name three components of soil (b) Explain how the following factors influence the formation of soil (i) Climate (ii) Topography (c)(i) State two economic uses of soil (ii) Explain four ways in which human activities contribute to soil erosion (d) Describe how the following types of erosion occur (i) Sheet erosion (ii) Gully erosion

0 Comments

Name two types of submerge coasts

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 1 2001 Section B Question 8.

(a) Name two types of submerge coasts

Fiord/ fjard/ fyord
Dalmattan / Longitudinal
Estuarine
Ria

(b) Explain how the following factors determine the effectiveness of wave erosion along a coast
(i) Nature of the material transported by waves

Hard rocks carried by waves increase the erosive power of the waves as they hit against the coast
Heavy pieces of rocks carried by waves hit against the cliffs thus weakening the wall making it susceptible to wave erosion

(ii) Nature of the coastal rocks

A coat made of soft rocks wears away easily when subjected to sea waves
Well jointed / fractured/ unconsolidated rock enhances erosion by waves along the line of weakness
Where rocks are soluble or made of limestone/ chalk they are easily eroded through solution process

(c) With the aid of labeled diagrams, describe the process through which a stack is formed

(a) Name two types of submerge coasts (b) Explain how the following factors determine the effectiveness of wave erosion along a coast (i) Nature of the material transported by waves (ii) Nature of the coastal rocks (c) With the aid of labeled diagrams, describe the process through which a stack is formed (d) (i) State four conditions that favour the growth of coral (ii) Explain three ways in which coral contributes to the economic development of Kenya.

0 Comments

What is a rock?

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 1 2001 Section B Question 7.

(a)(i) What is a rock?

A rock is a substance made up of a mineral / combination of mineral particle cemented together and forms the solid part of the earth’s crust.

(ii) Describe three ways through which sedimentary rocks are formed
Mechanically formed
Organically formed
Chemically formed

Mechanically Formed

These rocks are formed when eroded rock materials are transported by agents of erosion and deposited in layers either on land or in the sea

Organically formed

These rocks are formed when remains of previously existing plants or animals organizations are accumulated over a period of time forming layers

Chemically formed

These are formed when rocks are precipitated or when solutions of salt evaporate and particles accumulate in layers.

(b) Describe two process through which sedimentary rocks change into metamorphic rocks

When the weight of the overlying rock layers creates pressure on the lower layers it leads to change in structure/ grain alignment of the rocks. This process is known as dynamic
During volcanic eruptions, hot magma/ liquids may intrude into a sedimentary rock. The rock grains will re-crystallize due to heat to form new minerals. This process is known as thermal/ contact metamorphisms
In the mountain building process, sedimentary rocks are compressed and due to this pressure heat is generated. This heat modifies the structure of the original rocks.

(a)(i) What is a rock? (ii) Describe three ways through which sedimentary rocks are formed (b) Describe two process through which sedimentary rocks changer into metamorphic rocks (c) Give an example of each of the following types of igneous rocks (d) Suppose you were to carry out a field study of rocks within the vicinity of your school (i) Name three secondary sources of information you would use to prepare for the field study (ii) State four activities you would carry during the filed study

0 Comments

Study the map of Kijabe 1: 50,000 provided and answer the following questions:

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 1 2001 Section B Question 6.

(i) What is the appropriate height of the top of Kijabe hill?

Between 2660 and 2680 above sea level

(ii) Measure the length of Nairobi – Naivasha railway line from landhies (grid reference 257978) to the level crossing near Kijabe station ( grid reference 308984). Give your answer in kilometers.

5.6 km (0.1) (5.5 – 5.7 Km)

(iii) What relief feature on the map may have created problems in the construction of the railway line?

Escarpment steep slopes / Kijabe hill

0 Comments

State five characteristics of bar graph

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2000 Section B Question 6 with Answers.

The table below shows items exported from countries A and B. Use it to answer questions (a), (b, and (c)

(a) (i) Name the main export item of each country

A- Maize
B- Fertilizer

(ii) Calculate the percentage of the export item with the least tonnage in each country

0 Comments

State two climatic conditions that are ideal for cotton farming

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2000 Section B Question 9 with Answers.

(a) (i) Apart from cotton, name two other fibre crops

Sisal
Coconut
Jute
Palm (raffia)
Flax
Sunn
Kapok
China grass

Cotton

0 Comments

Give four reasons why Kenya should become an industrialized country

1/3/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2000 Section B Question 8 with Answers.

(a) Give four reasons why Kenya should become an industrialized country

Diversity- to diversify her economy
Employment - to create more employment opportunities
Self sufficiency- For self sufficiency/ reduce importation/ save foreign exchange
Use resources – To make maximum use of her resources/ raw materials
Standard of – To uplift the standard of living of the citizens
Value/ quality – to be able to increase the value of her exports/ quality
B.O – To improve balance her trade

0 Comments

Explain three conditions that favour irrigation farming in Kenya

1/3/2021

1 Comment

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2000 Section B Question 7 with Answers.

(a) Describe the stages in the reclamation of land from the sea in the Netherlands

Protective dykes/ sea walls are constructed enclosing the part of the sea to be reclaimed
Ring canals are constructed
Pumping stations are installed to pump out sea water from the area enclosed by the dyke
Water is pumped out of the area enclosed by the dyke
Reeds are sown to help out the soil
Drainage ditches and more pumping stations are made on the land being reclaimed
Drainage pipes are laid below the soil
The area is divided into regular portions using inner dykes and ring canals
Soils treated with chemical to lower salinity
The drained land is flushed with fresh water to remove salt from the soil
Pumping out water from the polders is a continuous process to prevent water from accumulating
Sequence must be followed

1 Comment

Explain four problems, which Zambia experiences in the exportation of copper.

28/2/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2002 Section B Question 9.

Use the map of Africa to answer question (a) (i)

i) Name the minerals mined in the areas marked S, T and V.

S - Oil Petroleum
T - Bauxite/Gold
V -Diamond

ii) State two formation in which mineral ores occur.

Some minerals occur as evaporates
Other occur as evaporates
Some mineral occur as alluvial deposits/placer deposits
Some minerals are found in seams /beds

0 Comments

Name two non-renewable sources of energy.

28/2/2021

1 Comment

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2002 Section B Question 8.

a ( i) Name two non-renewable sources of energy.

Petroleum /oil
Natural gas
Uranium
Coal/peat

(ii) Explain four physical factors that influence the location of a hydroelectric power station.

Presence of large volume of water from a river /Lake / large catchments area to provide water to drive the turbines
Regular / constant supply of water to ensure continuous generation of power
Hard basement rock to provide a firm foundation for the construction of a dam
Provide space for reservoir
Non-porous rock to prevent seepage

b) A part from generating H.E.), give three other benefits that have resulted from the construction of Masing Dam.

It filters silt to save the other dams which are down stream
It provides a fishing ground for the local communities
It provides water for domestic use.
It is a tourist attraction/reaction
The dam provides a link role river Tana.
Water for irrigation
Provides employment
Non-exhaustible/ renewable.
Lean to use / non-pollutant
Relatively heap
Easy to use
Adjustable to any fraction of energy using transformers
Convenient to use in a variety of ways.

a ( i) Name two non-renewable sources of energy. (ii) Explain four physical factors that influence the location of a hydroelectric power station. b) A part from generating H.E.), give three other benefits that have resulted from the construction of Masing Dam. c) Explain three benefits that would result form rural electrification in Kenya. d) In what three ways did the power shortages resulting from the drought of the years 1999 and 2000 affect the industrial sector in Kenya.

1 Comment

Draw an outline map of Nigeria

28/2/2021

0 Comments

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2002 Section B Question 7.

a) Draw an outline map of Nigeria
On the map shade the main oil palm growing area.
Mark and name Lagos.

b) State five physical conditions necessary for the growing of pal moil.

High temperatures throughout the year/ 23°C- 30°
Plenty of sunshine
High rainfall evenly distributed throughout the year / 1500-2100mm
Deep fertile well drained soils
Low altitude of up to 100m above sea level
High humidity 80-90%

c) i) Describe the commercial production of palm oil in Nigeria.

Oil palm is harvested three years after planting
The ripe fruit is cut using curved knives /pangas / chisels/ hooks.
Cutting goes on throughout the year.
Fruits are carried in baskets or on poles to lorries for transportation to the factory
Fruits are collected and transported quickly to the processing factory
At the factory the fruits are weighed
They are offloaded into tube like cages or trucks
Fruits are put in digester for further cooking to soften them up
The pulp is separated from the kernel

0 Comments

<<Previous