Below a sketch of the map of the great lakes- St. Lawrence Seaway. Use it to answer question (a)

KCSE Geography Paper 2 2001 Section B Question 8.

Below a sketch of the map of the great lakes- St. Lawrence Seaway. Use it to answer question (a).

​(a) Name (i) The lake marked L

• Lake Superior

​(ii) The waterfall marked M

• Niagara falls

​(iii) The port marked N

• Quebec port

​(b) Explain three ways in which the great lakes St. Lawrence sea way has contributed to the economy of Canada and the United States of America ( U.S.A)

• It provides cheap mean of transport for both imports and exports, thus encouraging internal/ international trade
• It has led to growth of ports and towns  along its course. These have  become focal points for various economic activities
• Due to accessibility to raw  materials, there has been extensive industrial development in the area.
• The dams found along the route provide hydroelectric power for domestic and industrial use.
• The sea way  is a tourists attraction which generates income in the region
• The sea way  has created employment opportunities in the transport industry raising the standards of living of the people in the area 
• Tarrifs charged earn the countries income

​(c) Explain four factors that hinder the development of railway links among Africa countries

• African countries have railways  of different gauges, which make  it difficult for them to join
• The countries were  colonized by different European powers who  constructed railways to transport raw materials from the  interior to the ports within their own colonies
• Political differences/ differences/ different political ideologies/ political instability among African countries hinder efforts to construct railway line  to link them
• African countries produce similar goods hence  there is limited trade  between them. ( this doeas not warrant construction of railway lines)
• Railways are expensive to construct/ most African countries are poor/ inadequate capital and hence expensive to construct/ expand
• Parts  of Africa are unproductive so it would be uneconomical to construct railway lines
• Variation in terrain has  hindered the development of various lines

​(d) (i) State two recent development that have taken place in Kenya to improve Communication of information

• Liberalization  of airways/ licensing of more  private radio/ T.V stations
• Introduction  of E- mail  internet/ fax ( telefax)
• Introduction of mobile phones/ cell phones/ pagers
• Liberalization of the press
• Expansion  of telephone facilities
• Liberalization  of postal services

​(ii) Explain three problems facing telephone as a means of communication in Kenya

• Development of other  and more  efficient means of  communication e.g. electronic  mail has led to reduced use  of telephones
• High cost of installation and  maintenance of telephone lines  limits  the number  of subscribers
• Vandalism of telephone equipment renders  most telephone  services  would be unavailable  to users
• Mismanagement in the organization that  provides telephone services  has made it difficult to expand the services  to many areas of the country
• Poor reception/ disruption of natural hazards/ overlapping of  telephone lines  discourages the use  of  the  facility.
• Lack of modernization of telephones  in some  areas causes delay  and  discourages  the use of  telephones

​Related Geography Searches on transport and communication Form 4 Level.

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