What is climate?

KCSE Geography Paper 1 2007 Section B Question 8.

​(a) (i) What is climate? 

• Is the average weather condition of a particular place for a long period of time   between 3o -35 years.

​(ii) Explain two effects of climate change on the physical environment 

• High rainfall results to flood that will a proof  vegetation 
• High temperature- results to dying of vegetation
• Ice will melt leaving the mountation tops bear
• soil erosion to drying vegetation

(b) The table below shows rainfall and temperature figures of station in Africa

​(i) On the graph paper provided, draw a bar graph to represent the rainfall figure. ( Use a vertical scale of 1 cm to represent 10mm) 

​(ii) Describe the rainfall pattern of the station 

• It receives high rainfall January to March and October
• Rainfall decreases from April to June then it increases from July to December
• It receives the maximum rainfall in march 130mm
• The lowest rainfall is received in the month of June 28mm
• The rainfall decreases with the decrease of temperature and increase with the increase in temperature.

​(iii) Calculate the average monthly temperature for the station (Show your calculations) 

​(c) You are supposed to carry out study on the weather within your school compound
(i) Describe how you would use the following instruments during the field study

The Hygrometer 

• The wet bulb thermometer is wrapped in wet muslin and dipped into water to keep the muslin moist.  This record the lowest temperature as the water evaporates from the muslin.
• Dry bulb thermometers is left in normal environmental to record the highest temperature. The difference between two readings is used to calculate the relative humidity.

The rain gauge

• Insert the beaker on the ground
• Take the rain water collected in the jar or bottle
• Pour the water in a measuring or graduated cylinder
• Take the reading
• Record the readings in a book or table

​(ii) State two ways in which the information collected during the field study would be useful to the local community 

• Know the type of crops to plant
• Know the type of animals breeds to rear
• Know the type of attire to wear
• Know the wind control measures

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